EFFECTS OF SOG ON DPP-RECEPTOR BINDING

Concentration gradients of morphogens are known to be instrumental in cell signaling and tissue patterning. Of interest here is how the presence of a competitor of BMP ligands affects cell signaling. The effects of Sog on the binding of Dpp with cell receptors are analyzed for dorsal-ventral morphogen gradient formation in vertebrate and Drosophila embryos. This prototype system includes diffusing ligands, degradation of morphogens, and cleavage of Dpp-Sog complexes by Tolloid to free up Dpp. Simple and biologically meaningful necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a steady state gradient configuration are established, and existence theorems are proved. For high Sog production rates (relative to the Dpp production rate), it is found that the steady state configuration exhibits a more intense Dpp-receptor concentration near the dorsal midline. Numerical simulations of the evolution of the system show that, beyond some threshold Sog production rate, the transient Dpp-receptor concentration at the dorsal midline would become more intense than that of the steady state, before subsiding and approaching a nonuniform steady state of lower magnitude. The magnitude of the transient concentration has been found to increase by several fold with increasing Sog production rate. The highly intense Dpp activity at and around the dorsal midline is consistent with available experimental observations and other analytical studies.     

半电体PN结电压—温度特性的实验研究

本文通过实验测量和描绘了４种硅管和２种锗管ＰＮ结的电压—温度特性曲线,用最小二乘法求解了电压温度系数和禁带宽度,并分析了结电压与温度的相关性,证实结电压与温度密切相关。     

Qualitative analysis of a modified Leslie–Gower and Holling-type II predator–prey model with state dependent impulsive effects

In this paper, we present a two-dimensional autonomous dynamical system modeling a predator–prey food chain which is based on a modified version of the Leslie–Gower scheme and on the Holling-type II scheme with state dependent impulsive effects. By using the Poincaré map, some conditions for the existence and stability of semi-trivial solution and positive periodic solution are obtained. Numerical results are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of our main results.     

Dynamic Fatigue Behavior of Natural Rubber Reinforced with Nanoclay and Carbon Black

The dynamic fatigue behaviors of natural rubber (NR) filled with carbon black (CB) and both nanoclay (NC) and CB at same hardness was evaluated using the stepwise increasing strain test (SIST) and long-term testing. Compared with NR/CB composites, NR/CB/NC nanocomposites exhibited higher fatigue-limited strain, stronger dynamic stress relaxation, and longer compression fatigue life. By examining the fracture morphologies, nonlinear viscoelastic behavior, and hysteresis loss of filled NR, it was found that NR, synergisticly reinforced by NC and CB, exhibited improved anti-fatigue ability than NR filled with CB due to stronger filler–filler interactions between NC and CB (a local filler network) and the high aspect ratio and typical lamellar structure of NC.     

离轴椭圆矢量光场传输中的光斑演变

对离轴椭圆矢量光场的传输特性进行了研究. 推导出离轴椭圆矢量光场在自由空间传输电场和光强的解析表达式. 数值分析结果表明, 离轴高阶圆柱矢量光场具有非对称的光强分布, 传输后的光强分布由传输距离、错位位移、椭圆率决定. 在传输过程中除了光斑会展宽外, 光场中的暗斑会逐渐消失, 最终趋于一种稳态光强分布; 相对于初入射平面的椭圆光斑, 稳态椭圆光斑长短轴互换了. 研究结果有助于深入理解离轴情况下椭圆矢量光场的动态传输特性, 同时可以指导实际椭圆矢量光场的校准.     

Existence and stability of periodic solution of a stage‐structured model with state‐dependent impulsive effects

A single population growth model with stage‐structured and state‐dependent impulsive control is proposed. By using the Poincar'e map and the analogue of Poincaré's criterion, we prove the existence and the stability of positive order‐1 or order‐2 periodic solution. Moreover, we show that there is no periodic solution with order greater than or equal to three. Numerical results are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of our main results and the superiority of state feedback control strategy is also discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TiN对Co基合金激光熔覆层组织与性能的影响

采用5 kW CO2激光器在低碳钢表面熔覆Co基合金涂层及TiN/Co基合金复合涂层,研究了两种涂层的组织、显微硬度以及滑动磨损性能。结果表明,Co基合金涂层主要组成相为-γCo,-εCo,Cr23C6等,TiN/Co基合金复合涂层组成相为-γCo,-εCo,Cr23C6,TiN和TiC等。Co基合金涂层由发达的-γCo枝晶和其间共晶组织所组成,TiN/Co基合金涂层典型组织为等轴固溶体以及细小的共晶组织。TiN对熔覆层的组织有显著的改善作用,促使其组织细化,树枝晶向等轴晶转化,同时可显著提高Co基合金涂层的显微硬度及耐磨性能。     

Effect of correlated noises on Brownian motor

The Brownian motor operating between two correlated Gaussian white noises was investigated. The expressions of the current and the energy conversion efficiency of the Brownian motor were analytically derived by exploiting adiabatic approximation. The results indicates that: (i) Regulating the correlation strength λ between the two noises and the ratio D₂/D₁ of the two noise intensities can change the rotational direction of the motor; (ii) For the smaller D₂/D₁, an optimal λ can make the positive current and the efficiency be maximal, and for the smaller λ, an optimal D₂/D₁ also let the positive current be maximal. The results were explained from a viewpoint of modified potentials. The study is of important significance in the aspect of controlling the operation of the Brownian motor.     

Generation of Circular Optical Vortex Array

We report on a novel optical vortex array named circular optical vortex array, which is generated by the superposition of two concentric perfect optical vortices. The circular optical vortex array has a constant topological charge of +1 or ?1, the number and sign of which are determined by the topological charges of the two perfect optical vortices. Moreover, the radius of the circular optical vortex array is easily adjusted by using the cone angle of an axicon. Furthermore, the circular optical vortex array and multiple circular optical vortex array can be rotated by changing the initial phase difference of the perfect optical vortices on demand. This work demonstrates a complex structured optical field, which is of significance for applications such as optical tweezers, micro‐particle manipulation, and optical imaging.     

Significant improvement of OLED efficiency and stability by doping both HTL and ETL with different dopant in heterojunction of polymer/small-molecules

This paper reports that the polymer/organic heterojunction doped light-emitting diodes using a novel poly-TPD as hole transport material and doping both hole transport layer and emitter layer with the highly fluorescent rubrene and DCJTB has been successfully fabricated. The basic structure of the heterostructure is PTPD/Alq₃. When hole transport layer and electron transport layer are doped simultaneously with different dopant, the electroluminescence quantum efficiencies are about 3 times greater than that of the undoped device. Compared with undoped device and conventional TPD/Alq₃ diode, the stability of the doping device is significantly improved. The process of emission for doped device may include carrier trapping as well as F\"{o}rster energy transfer.