点缺陷二维光子晶体波导的出射光集束

光子晶体器件在高密度集成光通信中有广泛的应用,为解决光子晶体波导出射光场的空间控制,采用时域有限差分法分析光子晶体波导结构的缺陷传播特性,提出基于点缺陷优化波导结构,通过在波导出射口两侧加上点缺陷,出射光方向性有显著提高,实现三点光源干涉系统的光集束。模拟结果表明缺陷态越靠近能带结构中央,共振腔的耦合效率越高;相反,缺陷态越靠近能带结构边缘位置,则共振腔耦合效率越低,因此,选取禁带区域四分之一处对应的点缺陷,可以有效实现波导出射的光集束。     

二维点缺陷三角晶格光子晶体的微腔结构

通过平面波展开法对二维点缺陷三角晶格光子晶体的微腔结构进行研究,计算得出其色散图以及缺陷模分布.结果表明:缺陷模波长与微腔谐振波长基本吻合.利用FDTD模拟谐振波长波段的电磁波在光子晶体中传播的动态演化过程,并计算出局域模的空间分布图.最后在有规律地改变缺陷周围介质柱半径的情况下实现谐振中心波长的可调性.     

二维三角晶格光子晶体波导的出射光集束传播

为了解决光子晶体波导出射端光场控制, 同时解决二维三角晶格光子晶体波导出射光辐射困难的问题。利用二维三角晶格光子晶体设计了一种新型光子晶体波导出射口结构。在二维三角晶格光子晶体波导出射端引入两个微腔, 通过光波与微腔发生共振, 形成类似于三个点光源干涉的出射光, 同时进一步提出波导出射端喇叭口干涉出射光定向辐射的设计。通过这种微腔喇叭口设计, 利用时域有限差分法分析结果表明光波实现很好的定向辐射, 并且辐射距离显著提高。     

二维光子晶体平行多波导的传输光谱研究

采用时域有限差分法研究二维光子晶体两平行直波导以及三平行直波导的传输特性。计算结果表明,两平行波导在不同的频率范围内表现出不同的耦合特性：在高频段两波导表现出相互的能量交换,实现光耦合,而在低频段传输谱图重合,各波导传输光强均为入射光强的二分之一;对于三波导系统,发现在不同的频率范围内主波导与两耦合波导之间也表现出不同的耦合特性：在高频段两耦合波导与主波导实现光耦合,而在低频段两耦合波导与主波导的传输谱图同步变化,耦合波导的传输光强均约为入射光强的四分之一。     

二维点缺陷正方光子晶体的微腔结构

通过平面波展开法对由Al₂O₃介质棒在空气背景介质中构成含有点缺陷的二维正方光子晶体微腔结构进行研究,计算得出缺陷态能带以及缺陷态模场分布。缺陷模对应的电磁波波长为470~476nm。对该微腔结构的品质因数的求解,得出缺陷态光谱曲线。在光谱曲线中,随着传输波长的增大,将产生几个峰值,并且在475nm处的波动最为明显,反映出在475nm附近的电磁波段在缺陷处的光强较大。进一步利用全矢量等效折射率法研究该结构缺陷模频率的稳定性,得出等效折射率的变化曲线。从等效折射率变化曲线可以看出,当传输波长达到475nm时,该结构已经达到稳定传输的区域。含缺陷模的二维光子晶体微腔结构在光子晶体发光二极管以及高阈值半导体激光器等方面有着重要的应用价值。     

1×4光子晶体波导分束器的特性

在完整的二维光子晶体中引入线缺陷,形成了光子晶体波导,光子晶体波导分束器是集成化光学电路的重要组成元件。我们设计了一种线缺陷1×4光子晶体分束器,并且用有限时域差分法研究了它的特性。研究表明,输出端的透射传输特性与入射光的波长和分支的几何形状有关,并且入射波分别相等地流入四个输出端口。为了减少1×4分束器在三个Y型分支区的反射,可以通过调节在分支区的可调介质柱的半径R,使每个输出端口具有很高的透射率。     

基于二维光子晶体点缺陷可调谐光功率分配器

在二维矩形阵列结构硅光子晶体中去除中间一排硅柱形成线波导,在线波导右侧引入点缺陷。利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟仿真以及数值分析研究线波导中光耦合特性,计算出两个通道的分光比,发现改变光子晶体的温度可以明显改变这两个通道的光功率比。基于此结构,提出了一种新的光功率分配器,可以获得大范围的光功率比值,从1∶1～90∶1都可以通过改变光子晶体的温度来实现,并且当温度从0℃～200℃就可以实现这一功能,最后设计了一款三通道可调谐光功率分配器,通过调节两个点缺陷区域内温度来实现光功率的分配。     

二维介质柱光子晶体波导吸收边界条件

设计优化了用于截断二维正方格子介质柱光子晶体波导的分布布拉格反射波导的结构.二维时域有限差分数值模拟结果显示，在上述两种波导联接处的反射系数可以在大部分光子晶体波导导波的频谱范围内降到1％以下.将这种分布布拉格反射波导和通常的吸收边界条件相结合可以构成用于光子晶体波导的吸收边界条件，其反射率可以降低到-40dB以下，吸收层的厚度可取为晶格长度的1.3倍. 关键词： 吸收边界条件 光子晶体波导 时域有限差分     

光子晶体波导的设计与特性

设计了Y型和回型二维光子晶体波导,基于时域有限差分法模拟了传输特性,并得出Y型结构对应的TE模、TM模的带隙结构。为此可以根据具体情况设计满足不同要求的波导结构。     

含Kerr介质二维光子晶体波导传输特性的NFDTD分析

利用非线性时域有限差分法(NFDTD)理论,导出了含Kerr介质的二维NFDTD算法的离散表达式,并对含Kerr介质点缺陷的二维光子晶体波导传输特性进行了分析,得到了相应的透射频谱和光场分布图.研究发现,对于输入该波导的归一化频率为0.419的光信号,当入射光强小于2.8×104W/m2时,信号几乎不能通过;当入射光强大于2.5×106W/m2时,信号能通过.这些结果将有助于光子晶体光限幅、光开关等器件的设计.     

点缺陷阵列对声子晶体波导定向辐射性能的影响

将点缺陷阵列应用于声子晶体波导,提出一种具有高定向辐射性能的复合声子晶体波导. 基于有限元法的数值分析表明,附加到声子晶体波导表面的点缺陷阵列可激发出作为次级声源的谐振模. 谐振模辐射的声波与波导出射端口直接辐射的声波相互干涉,可以使声子晶体波导的法向辐射声压提高161.21%、发散角减小85.35%. 当点缺陷的数目增大到一定程度后,波导的定向辐射性能不再有明显的改善. 该研究为改善波导的定向辐射性能提供了一种新方法. 关键词： 声子晶体波导 点缺陷 谐振模 定向辐射     

A photonic crystal side-coupled waveguide based on a high-quality-factor resonator array

Based on the present coupled mode theory of the photonic crystal resonator array in this paper,we propose a novel side-coupled waveguide to achieve highly efficient coupling of photonic crystal devices.It is found that the coupling efficiency is sensitive to the interval,the total number and the quality factor of the resonator.Considering the coupling efficiency and the coupling region,we select five resonators with an interval of six lattice periods.By optimizing the structure parameters of the waveguide and resonator,the quality factors of the resonator can be modulated and the coupling efficiency of the side-coupled waveguide reaches 95.47% in theory.Compared with other coupling methods,the side-coupled waveguide can realize efficient coupling with a compact structure,a high level of integration and a low degree of operational difficulties.     

A photonic crystal side-coupled waveguide based on a high-quality-factor resonator array

Based on the present coupled mode theory of the photonic crystal resonator array in this paper, we propose a novel side-coupled waveguide to achieve highly efficient coupling of photonic crystal devices. It is found that the coupling efficiency is sensitive to the interval, the total number and the quality factor of the resonator. Considering the coupling efficiency and the coupling region, we select five resonators with an interval of six lattice periods. By optimizing the structure parameters of the waveguide and resonator, the quality factors of the resonator can be modulated and the coupling efficiency of the side-coupled waveguide reaches 95.47% in theory. Compared with other coupling methods, the side-coupled waveguide can realize efficient coupling with a compact structure, a high level of integration and a low degree of operational difficulties.     

Engineering the light propagating features through the two-dimensional coupled-cavity photonic crystal waveguides

This paper studies the propagating characteristics of the electromagnetic waves through the coupled-resonator optical waveguides based on the two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystals by the finite-difference time-domain method.When the traditional circular rods adjacent to the centre of the cavities are replaced by the oval rods,the simulated results show that the waveguide mode region can be adjusted only by the alteration of the oval rods’ obliquity.When the obliquity of the oval rods around one cavity is different from the obliquity of that around the adjacent cavities,the group velocities of the waveguide modes can be greatly reduced and the information of different frequencies can be shared and chosen at the same time by the waveguide branches with different structures.If the obliquities of the oval rods around two adjacent cavities are equal and they alternate between two values,the group velocities can be further reduced and a maximum value of 0.0008c(c is the light velocity in vacuum) can be acquired.     

一种紧凑的、可调的、基于缺陷共振的光开关

采用平面波展开法(PWM)和时域有限差分(FDTD)法,研究光在含点缺陷的光子晶体波导中的传输特性.计算结果表明,通过引入两共振腔(点缺陷),处于共振频率附近的光波将被完全反射回光子晶体波导.由于共振频率随点缺陷的折射率的变化而改变,这种现象可用来设计可调光开关. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 缺陷共振 光开关 透射率     

Optical properties of the two-port resonant tunneling filters in two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs

We have designed and fabricated two types of two-port resonant tunneling filters with a triangular air-hole lattice in two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs.In order to improve the filtering efficiency,a feedback method is introduced by closing the waveguide.It is found that the relative position between the closed waveguide boundary and the resonator has an important impact on the dropping efficiency.Based on our analyses,two different types of filters are designed.The transmission spectra and scattering-light far-field patterns are measured,which agree well with theoretical prediction.In addition,the resonant filters are highly sensitive to the size of the resonant cavities,which are useful for practical applications.     

二维平板光子晶体直波导的制备和光传输特性的测量

利用聚焦离子束刻蚀的方法在SOI(silicon on insulator)基片上制备了W3型二维光子晶体直波导.观察并测量了近红外激光通过光子晶体波导的散射图形和透过谱.实验结果说明，激光在有引入引出脊形波导的光子晶体直波导中具有很好的传输特性. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 光子带隙 脊型波导     

Properties of a 1 × 4 optical power splitter made of photonic crystal waveguides

Optical power splitters made of photonic crystal waveguides are believed to become essential components for compact photonic integrated circuits used in fiber optic networks. We design a 1 × 4 optical power splitter made of linear-defect waveguides in photonic crystals, and analyze its properties using the finite-difference time-domain method. Our simulation results show that the transmission properties vary with wave frequency and branch geometry, and that an incident wave is divided equally into four output ports. To reduce the reflections at the three branching regions in the 1 × 4 splitter, we place the defects of extra rods in the branching region, and achieve high transmission in each output waveguide.