周期域反转铌酸锂可调谐波长转换器的皮秒脉冲实验

实验研究了周期域反转铌酸锂光波导级联和频与差频二阶非线性效应(cSFG/DFG)皮秒脉冲间的可调谐波长转换。信号光采用重复频率为40 GHz,脉宽为1.57 ps的脉冲信号。当输入信号光和第一个控制光波长分别为1554.4 nm和1532.5 nm时,通过调节第二个控制光波长由1550.5 nm到1541.0 nm,输出信号光波长可从1536.0 nm调谐至1545.2 nm。当输入信号光波长改变时,通过改变第一个控制光波长以满足和频过程的准相位匹配条件,同时调节第二个控制光波长可以实现输出信号光波长的可调谐。实验中利用两个窄带可调谐滤波器有效抑制了掺铒光纤放大器引入的放大自发辐射噪声,同时观察到了波长下转换和波长上转换。     

Generation of Powerful Ultrashort Microwave Pulses

We study theoretically and experimentally the possibility of generation of ultrashort powerful microwave pulses. The regime of spatial accumulation of electromagnetic energy is considered in the case where the pulse propagates oppositely to the electron flow in a long slow-wave structure. We show that during transformation of the kinetic energy of electrons to the energy of an electromagnetic pulse, the pulse power is not limited by the electron-beam power. Using compact high-current accelerators, we obtain gigawatt pulses in the 3-cm and 8-mm wavelength ranges with power conversion factor exceeding unity.     

锁模脉冲波长连续可调谐光纤激光器

利用在腔内加入可调谐光纤光栅滤波器使“8”字形腔掺Yb3+光纤激光器在锁模状态下实现波长连续可调谐.实验中,在保证锁模状态稳定的情况下,通过调节可调谐光纤光栅滤波器,使激光器输出锁模脉冲的中心波长在1 047 nm～1 055 nm范围内连续调谐,重复频率稳定维持在4.9 MHz.在中心波长1 053 nm处,测得锁模脉冲输出平均功率为8.02 mW,光谱带宽1 nm,脉冲宽度为259.3 ps.这种“8”字形腔被动锁模光纤激光器在锁模状态下对波长连续可调谐,并可长时间稳定工作.     

分布式光纤Bragg光栅波长校准方法

提出了一种利用标准参考光谱进行波长校准的方法。实验中利用由宽带光源和光纤可调谐滤波器组成的可调谐光源分别扫描了参考光谱和传感光栅的光谱。在参考通道,ITU标准参考模块的输出是具有固定波长的梳状光谱。利用高斯拟合算法计算出由标准参考透射谱峰值输出的对应的驱动电压,通过样条插值函数获得了滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系。计算光栅反射谱峰值对应的驱动电压,利用上面获得的滤波器输出波长与驱动电压的关系式可以计算出传感光栅的Bragg波长。实验结果表明,在较大的波长范围内实现了对多个传感光栅的波长校准,减小了由滤波器非线性输出造成的测量误差,具有较高的重复性。     

Measurement of Timing Jitter in Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulses

We investigated the root mean square (RMS) timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of the wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulses using the technique of radio-frequency spectrum analysis. We obtained interesting results that the generated solitons have almost constant RMS timing jitter and RMS intensity noise of approximately 410 fs and 0.03% in the wavelength region of 1600-1750 nm. It is therefore believed that the magnitudes of the jitter and noise are not greatly increased in the process of wavelength tunable soliton pulse generation. The wavelength tunable soliton pulse is confirmed to be stable and useful for practical applications.     

用于光纤光栅解调的波长敏感光纤耦合器

为了拓宽光纤耦合器的使用范围,开发光纤耦合器的新功能,采用熔锥技术制作波长敏感耦合器,该耦合器在分光的同时对波长敏感。通过耦合理论验证实验结果,实验数据与理论值相符合。实验中得到波长灵敏度最大值为17.86%/nm的耦合器。采用拉锥工艺制作波长敏感耦合器工艺简单,耦合比峰值对应波长控制易于实现。该耦合器可用于光纤光栅布拉格波长漂移解调。令待解调光纤光栅布拉格波长与耦合器波长灵敏度最大值对应的波长一致,当波长发生漂移时,耦合器输出耦合比发生变化。自制的波长敏感耦合器实现了对布拉格波长为1566.71 nm光纤光栅波长漂移的解调,波长漂移1.80 nm,耦合比变化20.34%。此种解调方式具有光路简单,易于与光纤匹配的优点,可以应用在大型建筑中光纤光栅的健康监测。     

有限包层半径光纤Bragg光栅的理论研究

采用光纤波导三层模型,对有限包层半径光纤Bragg光栅导模有效折射率的改变进行了理论分析,结果表明:当包层直径小于16μm时,单模光纤Bragg光栅(纤芯直径为8.3μm)的导模有效折射率才开始发生明显变化.在包层外添加外包层,通过改变外包层的折射率可以实现对光栅Bragg反射波长的调谐,同时对不同芯子直径的光栅Bragg波长移动进行了数值计算.在保证光纤归一化频率不变的前提下,芯径越小Bragg波长调谐范围越大,当包层厚度为1μm时,芯径为a＝2.2μm的光栅Bragg波长调谐范围约为3.9μm.     

Wavelength profiles of nonlinear irradiated apodized chirped Bragg grating

We present the effect of gamma radiation on the selectivity of the Nonlinear Apodized Chirped Bragg Grating (NACBG). As the shift in the wavelength selection for the nonlinear fiber Bragg grating is investigated. Also trial has been made to calculate this shift for the high power signals (n₂ = 2.6 × 10^?20 W/m²). Comparison between the irradiated and unirradiated NACBG has been investigated. The optimum profile is investigated. It is found that the tanh profile is the greatest profile affected by radiation, it has error of about 0.62 nm at the sea level, while Hamming profile is the smallest one, with an error of 0.36 nm at the sea level.     

逆向注入波长转换方式对转换光脉冲畸变的改善

数值模拟分析了在周期域反转结构的铌酸锂光波导中的脉冲抽运波长转换过程,通过对转换过程中光脉冲波形的演化分析,讨论了抽运光和信号光同向和逆向两种注入方式对转换光脉冲波形的影响.研究结果表明在同向注入方式下由于倍频与差频效应是同时进行的,群速度失配导致的走离效应使倍频光脉冲在波导内不断展宽,遗传给差频转换时,使转换光脉冲发生了波形畸变;为防止转换脉冲发生畸变,提出了采用单片光波导用抽运光和信号光逆向注入的方式,将倍频与差频效应分开来,二次非线性效应不再同时进行,从而改善了转换光脉冲的波形畸变,同时提高了转换效率.     

Wavelength Switching of a Fabry-Perot Semiconductor Laser by Optical Input Pulses

Wavelength switchings of a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser are experimentally demonstrated by applying externally optical input pulses detuned from a cavity-resonant wavelength of the semiconductor laser with a constant injection current. The wavelength region of optical switching ranges from less than 0.1 nm to several nm over gain spectrum, being locked to the wavelength of optical inputs. These behaviors are based on multistability and multi-split branches in the optical output versus detuned optical input characteristics, caused by the carrier-induced refractive index change accompanied by optical injections. The experimental results are believed to be useful for wavelength division multiplexing and exchange in optical communication.     

Thermoacoustic Method for Detection of Powerful Microwave Pulses

We propose a method for detection of the envelope of a microwave nanosecond pulse, which is based on the effect of generation of sound pulses resulting from absorption of electromagnetic waves. We show that to reproduce exactly the envelope shape of a short microwave pulse, it is necessary that the wave be absorbed in a layer of thickness much less than the product of the sound speed and the pulse duration. In searching for conditions ensuring this, we study the process of thermoacoustic generation in thin metal films deposited on quartz substrates. Measurements performed at a wavelength of 8 mm show that the absorption coefficient is maximum if the aluminum-film thickness is 22–25 Å. The maximum absorption coefficient amounts to 49% if the wave is incident from the quartz-substrate side. It is important that in this case, the wave reflection coefficient does not exceed 44%, whereas an aluminum plate reflects almost completely (99.8%) the incident-wave power. The phenomena observed in thin metal films are explained theoretically in terms of the anomalous skin effect. An experimental setup for a study of generation of ultrasonic signals by powerful microwave pulses is described.     

Wavelength combining with volume Bragg gratings in photo-thermo-refractive glasses

Wavelength combining with a transmitting Volume Bragg Grating recorded in photo-thermo-refractive glasses is present. The combining condition is determined with theoretical simulation. The combining efficiency of 81.4% is obtained in the experiment, and it is influenced by the beam quality of the incident beam. The wavefront characteristics of combining beam are improved.     

一种高准确度光纤光栅波长解调系统

为了消除F-P滤波器的温度特性对光纤光栅波长解调系统准确度的影响,提出了一种采用F-P标准具作为波长参考计算波长的方法,设计了一种高准确度波长解调系统,并采用虚拟仪器开发平台LabWindows CVI实现了光谱数据的滤波、寻峰及波长计算算法.测试结果表明,该系统的重复性误差小于1.56 pm.稳定性误差小于1.13pm.     

一种高准确度光纤光栅波长解调系统

为了消除F-P滤波器的温度特性对光纤光栅波长解调系统准确度的影响,提出了一种采用F-P标准具作为波长参考计算波长的方法,设计了一种高准确度波长解调系统,并采用虚拟仪器开发平台LabWindows/CVI实现了光谱数据的滤波、寻峰及波长计算算法.测试结果表明,该系统的重复性误差小于1.56 pm,稳定性误差小于1.13 pm.     

Ten-Megawatt Pulsed Gyrotron with a 1-cm Wavelength and a 50% Efficiency

Development of a gyrotron driven by a relativistic electron beam and generating radiation at the wavelength 1 cm with an output power of 10 MW, an efficiency of 50%, and a pulse duration of a few hundreds of nanoseconds is reported.     

Time/Wavelength Fiber Bragg Grating Multiplexing Sensor Array

A novel time/wavelength-multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor array is presented. This type of sensor array has the advantages of more points for multi-point measurement, simple structure and low cost.     

高速双边缘光纤光栅波长解调技术

提出一种双边缘结构对光纤光栅传感进行波长解调的方案,利用被测光谱通过不同光谱特性的滤波器时输出不同光强的比值确定被测光的波长.该系统在解调时不存在任何机械移动部分,比扫描式的解调方法测量速度更快,运行时更稳定、更精确.     

The Wavelength Shifting and Temperature Athermalization of Fiber Bragg Grating

The wavelength shifting properties and the temperature athermalization technology of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were studied in this paper, and then two different athermalization methods were introduced. The research shows that FBG with athermalization by applying the substrate with negative coefficient of thermal expansion is effective and can be used in many fields.     

单到单和单到双信道皮秒脉冲全光波长转换的实验研究

基于周期极化反转铌酸锂（PPLN）光波导级联倍频和差频（SHG+DFG）的二阶非线性效应,提出并实验研究了皮秒脉冲的可调谐波长转换以及单信道到双信道的波长转换.信号光采用重复频率为40 GHz,脉宽为1.57 ps的脉冲信号.连续抽运光由光纤环形腔激光器（FRL）提供.不同于传统的SHG+DFG型波长转换,信号光固定在PPLN光波导倍频过程的准相位匹配（QPM）波长处,通过调节抽运光的波长实现了转换空闲光的可调谐输出.当使用两个抽运光时实验观察到了单信道到双信道的波长转换.