Oscillations of the remainder term related to the Euler totient function

We split the remainder term in the asymptotic formula for the mean of the Euler phi function into two summands called the arithmetic and the analytic part respectively. We show that the arithmetic part can be studied with a mild use of the complex analytic tools, whereas the study of the analytic part heavily depends on the properties of the Riemann zeta function and on the distribution of its non-trivial zeros in particular.     

Omega theorems related to the general Euler totient function

We prove an omega estimate related to the general Euler totient function associated to a polynomial Euler product satisfying some natural analytic properties. For convenience, we work with a set of L-functions similar to the Selberg class, but in principle our results can be proved in a still more general setup. In a recent paper the authors treated a special case of Dirichlet L-functions with real characters. Greater generality of the present paper invites new technical difficulties. Effectiveness of the main theorem is illustrated by corollaries concerning Euler totient functions associated to the shifted Riemann zeta function, shifted Dirichlet L-functions and shifted L-functions of modular forms. Results are either of the same quality as the best known estimates or are entirely new.     

一个包含Euler函数的方程

对任意自然数n≥1,著名的Euler函数ψ(n)定义为不大于n且与n互素的正整数的个数.本文的主要目的是研究方程ψ(ψ(ψ(n)))=2ω(n)的可解性,其中ω(n)表示n的所有不同素因子的个数,并给出了该方程的所有正整数解.     

一个包含欧拉函数的方程

设n为任意正整数,如果n〉1,设n=p1^α1p2^α2…pk^αk是n的标准分解式,函数Ω（n）定义为Ω（1）=0,Ω（n）=∑i=1^kαi,φ（n）为Euler函数,本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究方程φ（φ（n））=2Ω（n）的可解性,并获得该方程的所有正整数解,从而彻底解决了前学者提出的一个问题．     

Parametric Euler sum identities

We consider some parametrized classes of multiple sums first studied by Euler. Identities between meromorphic functions of one or more variables in many cases account for reduction formulae for these sums.     

On a generalization of the Euler totient function

For a general polynomial Euler product F(s) we define the associated Euler totient function φ(n, F) and study its asymptotic properties. We prove that for F(s) belonging to certain subclass of the Selberg class of L-functions, the error term in the asymptotic formula for the sum of φ(n, F) over positive integers n ≤ x behaves typically as a linear function of x. We show also that for the Riemann zeta function the square mean value of the error term in question is minimal among all polynomial Euler products from the Selberg class, and that this property uniquely characterizes ζ(s).     

On the Euler function of repdigits

For a positive integer n we write φ(n) for the Euler function of n. In this note, we show that if b > 1 is a fixed positive integer, then the equation

Smoothing arithmetic error terms: the case of the Euler φ function

In many cases known methods of detecting oscillations of arithmetic error terms involve certain smoothing pro‐cedures. Usually an application of the smoothing operator does not change significantly the order of magnitude of the error under consideration. This is so for instance in the case of the classical error terms known in the prime number theory. The main purpose of this paper is to show that the situation for primes is not general. Considering the error term in the asymptotic formula for the Euler totient function we show that just one application of an integral smoothing operator changes situation dramatically: the order of magnitude of drops from x to √x (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A new method in the study of Euler sums

A new method in the study of Euler sums is developed. A host of Euler sums, typically of the form , are expressed in closed form. Also obtained as a by-product, are some striking recursive identities involving several Dirichlet series including the well-known Riemann Zeta-function.      

On the generalization of the Euler polynomials with the real parameters

In this study, we give multiplication formula for generalized Euler polynomials of order α and obtain some explicit recursive formulas. The multiple alternating sums with positive real parameters a and b are evaluated in terms of both generalized Euler and generalized Bernoulli polynomials of order α. Finally we obtained some interesting special cases.     

Integrals of polylogarithmic functions, recurrence relations, and associated Euler sums

We show that integrals of the form

and

satisfy certain recurrence relations which allow us to write them in terms of Euler sums. From this we prove that, in the first case for all and in the second case when is even, these integrals are reducible to zeta values. In the case of odd , we combine the known results for Euler sums with the information obtained from the problem in this form to give an estimate on the number of new constants which are needed to express the above integrals for a given weight .

The proofs are constructive, giving a method for the evaluation of these and other similar integrals, and we present a selection of explicit evaluations in the last section.

     

A New Method for Investigating Euler Sums

Euler discovered a recursion formula for the Riemann zeta function evaluated at the even integers. He also evaluated special Dirichlet series whose coefficients are the partial sums of the harmonic series. This paper introduces a new method for deducing Euler's formulas as well as a host of new relations, not only for the zeta function but for several allied functions.     

The evaluation of character Euler double sums

Euler considered sums of the form

The representation of Euler sums with parameters

In this paper, by choosing different kernel functions and base functions, we obtain some Euler sums with parameters. Moreover, we also obtain the new Euler sums with parameters by differentiating, limiting and elementary arithmetic. Thus, more Euler sums with parameters can be obtained. Furthermore, some Euler sums given in this paper are closed forms.     

On the exponential sum—product problem

Let g be an element of order T over a finite field Fp of p elements, where p is a prime. We show that for a very wide class of sets A, B ∈ {1, . . . , T} at least one of the sets

{gab:a∈A,b∈B}and{ga+gb:a∈A,b∈B}     

On a sum involving the Mangoldt function

Periodica Mathematica Hungarica - Let $$\Lambda (n)$$ be the von Mangoldt function, and let [t] be the integral part of real number t. In this note we prove that the asymptotic formula...     

序列[n~c]上多维除数函数的和

设[θ]表示θ的整数部分,k≥2,dk(n)为除数函数.证明了当实数c满足1相似文献   

一个包含Euler函数及k阶Smarandache ceil函数的方程及其正整数解

设k≥2为给定的整数．对任意正整数n,k阶Smarandache ceil函数Sk（n）定义为Sk（n）=min{x：x∈N,n｜x^k}．本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究函数方程Sk（n）=Ф（n）的可解性,并给出该方程的所有正整数解,其中Ф（n）为Euler函数．