提高V棱镜折射仪测试精度的V槽研究

用V棱镜折射仪测量光学玻璃的折射率,常规测试精度可以达到±5×10-5。通过分析V棱镜折射仪折射率误差的原因发现,V槽与被测件折射率越接近,测量误差越小,因而对V槽进行了改进。在最新的光学玻璃nd-vd图上选取6种高品质材料,将原来的V槽进行细分,组成新的测试标准块。对生产产品进行了实测,与标准样块进行了比对。实测结果表明,采用改进的V槽可以得到更精确的测量结果,测试精度可以达到±2×10-5。     

改进的YOLO V3算法及其在小目标检测中的应用

针对图像中小目标检测率低、虚警率高等问题,提出了一种YOLO V3的改进方法,并将其应用于小目标的检测。由于小目标所占的像素少、特征不明显,提出对原网络输出的8倍降采样特征图进行2倍上采样,将2倍上采样特征图与第2个残差块输出的特征图进行拼接,建立输出为4倍降采样的特征融合目标检测层。为了获取更多的小目标特征信息,在YOLO V3网络结构Darknet53的第2个残差块中增加2个残差单元。利用K-means聚类算法对目标候选框的个数和宽高比维度进行聚类分析。用改进的YOLO V3算法和原YOLO V3算法在VEDAI数据集上进行对比实验,结果表明改进后的YOLO V3算法能有效检测小目标,对小目标的召回率和检测的平均准确率均值都有明显的提升。     

车载红外探测设备的光机结构设计

为了实现空气质量的实时监测,设计了一种车载红外探测设备的光机结构。该结构采用大孔径、无焦反射式光学系统,即高精度扫描反射镜实现了方位和俯仰0～360°扫描。通过有限元方法对系统进行静力学分析,结果满足光机结构设计要求。用锤击法对样机进行了模态测试,并对车载环境下的设备进行了振动实验。结果表明,光机结构一阶频率为52Hz,相对于车载环境的12．5Hz具有足够的动态刚度及结构稳定性,可保证该设备正常工作。     

单线阵CCD相机定位精度评估模型及几何误差研究

为满足单线阵CCD相机立体测绘定位的需求,研究了相机几何误差对定位精度的影响,并建立了它们之间的数值模型,为相机的几何指标分析和量化提供理论支持.首先针对单线阵立体成像特点,分析了几何标定和像点量测误差对定位结果的影响;然后以前方空间交会公式为基础,推导出定位精度评估模型.该模型给出了定位精度随几何标定和像点量测误差的...     

大视场反射式施密特光学系统设计与检测

大视场、低成本、高性能天文望远镜是当前研究和开发的热点。基于像差平衡原理,在正入射施密特矫正板基础上推导出斜入射反射式施密特矫正板方程,针对焦距1 700 mm,成像视场角4°,波段为0.4 μm～0.9 μm,F数为4.25的光学系统,求解出施密特矫正板方程,并作为初始结构参数代入Zemax软件进一步优化。设计结果表明,在全视场范围内,该系统在奈奎斯特频率100 lp/mm处的调制传递函数MTF大于0.35,畸变小于2.5%,成像质量达到了衍射极限。优化设计后施密特矫正板与最近球面最大偏差为0.005 mm,采用特制的补偿器结合干涉仪可完成面形高精度检测。该施密特系统的设计为大视场、宽波段天文望远镜的开发提供了参考。     

Measurements of Time-Varying Characteristics of Optical Signals and Inhomogeneities of Tested Substances with Additional Phase Modulation

The problem of investigation of the amplitude and phase structure of a time-varying probing optical signal and the structure of time-varying inhomogeneities of a substance tested by this signal is considered. The analysis is concerned, in particular, with determination of the structure of signals and processes with resolution in the pico- and femtosecond range. The scheme used for the analysis is based on registration of four spatially separated spectra of the studied radiation. The spectra are formed in a four-channel scheme with a twin-wave Michelson interferometer and a spectral device. Modulators based on electrooptical crystals (perovskites) are placed in the channels. The sum spectra are formed: without modulators, with the effect of either of the modulators, and with both of them affecting the radiation. The effect of the studied substance implies either modulating the radiation (in this case it is described by multiplication) or redistributing the radiation (then it is described by convolution).     

大容量长距离传输用低非线性效应非零色散位移光纤

利用非等温等离子体化学气相沉积 (PCVD)工艺制备了一种适合于大容量高速率长途干线网与城域网的中芯下陷型纤芯结构非零色散位移光纤。该光纤的有效面积大于 95 μm2 ,在 15 5 0nm波段的色散值约为9ps/(nm·km) ,有效的抑制了传输过程中光非线性效应的产生。通过对光纤剖面结构的优化设计 ,光纤的 15 5 0nm处的传输损耗降到约 0 .2 1dB/km ,与传统单模光纤的熔接损耗低于 0 .11dB ,且在直径为 6 0mm圆筒上绕 10 0圈后在 14 6 0nm到 16 2 5nm波长范围所引起的附加弯曲损耗均低于 0 .0 2dB/km。同时 ,该光纤色散斜率低于0 .0 6 5 ps/(nm2 ·km) ,偏振模色散 (PMD)小于 0 .0 5 ps·km-1/2 。此外 ,由于光纤的零色散点移到了 14 30nm以下 ,使波分复用 (WDM)传输在S波段 (14 6 0～ 15 30nm)、C波段 (15 30～ 15 6 5nm)、L(15 6 5～ 16 2 5nm)波段上都兼容。     

Full-Duplex Link Providing Alternative Wired and Wireless Broadband Access for the Wavelength-Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network with a Uniform Converged Signal Format

Abstract

A full-duplex link implementing alternative wired and wireless access for wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network is proposed with the uniformed three-tone converged optical signal, which provides a wired or wireless downlink access signal alternatively and an uplink optical carrier. The uplink optical carrier reversed by the converged optical signal makes the hybrid optical node unit free from the optical source. The simulation results show that the full-duplex link with a 10-Gb/s 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) downstream and 5 Gb/s binary upstream can provide both wired access with a bit-error rate below 10^?9 and radio-over-fiber-based wireless access with a bit-error rate below 10^?7 over 40 km of fiber without an optical source and optical amplifier in the hybrid optical node unit.     

机敏材料中竹节型光纤传感阵列及其信号处理

提出了一种新颖的，采用刻纹多模光纤组成的可用于机敏材料与结构的竹节形光纤传感阵列，并探索采用人工神经网络来处理其输出的并行分布式传感信号，由此和到材料的内应变，应力及损伤的大小及其位置等信息。     

Velocity selective optical pumping and repumping effects with counter and copropagating laser radiations for D<Subscript>2</Subscript> lines of rubidium

The effects of a strong control or pump laser, counter propagating or copropagating with the probe beam, on the probe absorption spectra of ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb-D₂ transitions have been investigated inside a room temperature Rb vapour cell. In both cases a set of strong velocity selective resonance dips are observed at different velocities. Their movements across the Doppler broadened probe absorption profile have been studied for different lock frequencies of the control laser. These spectra are modified by optical pumping effects due to the presence of another hyperfine component of the ground state. A repumping laser, from the dark hyperfine component of the ground level transfers almost 75% of the atoms from the dark state to the pump probe cycle hence reducing the optical pumping effect. A numerical simulation is done to explain the observed spectra. The effect of a control laser on the Lamb dip spectrum of the probe laser has also been investigated. The control beam is used to improve the strength of a weak hyperfine dip on the Doppler broadened probe spectrum. The strength of the hyperfine dip increases by a factor of 3.2 in presence of the control laser. The observed dips show that pump-probe spectroscopy can be used as velocity selectors of atoms.     

Theoretical Studies of the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Optical Spectral Data for Vanadium(IV) Ion in Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal

Four spin-Hamiltonian parameters (g factors g _// and g _⊥ and hyperfine structure constants A _// and A _⊥) and two optical spectral band positions for vanadium(IV) (V⁴⁺) ion in the tetrahedral Al³⁺ site of yttrium aluminum garnet (Y₃Al₅O₁₂) crystals are calculated from the (third-order) perturbation theory method (PTM) and complete diagonalization (of energy matrix) method (CDM). Both methods are based on the cluster approach. The calculated results from both methods coincide and reasonably agree with the experimental values. The defect structure of V⁴⁺ center (which is different from the corresponding structure in the host crystal) in Y₃Al₅O₁₂ crystal is also obtained from the calculation.