Vibration control by recursive time-delayed acceleration feedback

This paper presents a theoretical basis of time-delayed acceleration feedback control of linear and nonlinear vibrations of mechanical oscillators. The control signal is synthesized by an infinite, weighted sum of the acceleration of the vibrating system measured at equal time intervals in the past. The proposed method is shown to have controlled linear resonant vibrations, low-frequency non-resonant vibrations, primary and 1/3 subharmonic resonances of a forced Duffing oscillator. The concept of an equivalent damping and natural frequency of the system is also introduced. It is shown that a large amount of damping can be produced by appropriately selecting the control parameters. For some combinations of the control parameters, the effective damping factor of the system is shown to be inversely related to the time-delay in the small delay limit. Selection of the optimum control parameters for controlling the forced and free vibrations is discussed. It is shown that forced vibration is best controlled by unity recursive gain and smaller values of the time-delay parameter. However, the transient response can be optimally controlled by suitably selecting the time delay depending upon the gain. The delay values for the optimal forced response may be different from that required for the optimum transient response. When both are important, a suboptimal choice of the delay parameters with unity recursive gain is recommended.     

Adaptive tuning of feedback gain in time-delayed feedback control

We demonstrate that time-delayed feedback control can be improved by adaptively tuning the feedback gain. This adaptive controller is applied to the stabilization of an unstable fixed point and an unstable periodic orbit embedded in a chaotic attractor. The adaptation algorithm is constructed using the speed-gradient method of control theory. Our computer simulations show that the adaptation algorithm can find an appropriate value of the feedback gain for single and multiple delays. Furthermore, we show that our method is robust to noise and different initial conditions.     

Act-and-wait time-delayed feedback control of autonomous systems

Recently an act-and-wait modification of time-delayed feedback control has been proposed for the stabilization of unstable periodic orbits in nonautonomous dynamical systems (Pyragas and Pyragas, 2016 [30]). The modification implies a periodic switching of the feedback gain and makes the closed-loop system finite-dimensional. Here we extend this modification to autonomous systems. In order to keep constant the phase difference between the controlled orbit and the act-and-wait switching function an additional small-amplitude periodic perturbation is introduced. The algorithm can stabilize periodic orbits with an odd number of real unstable Floquet exponents using a simple single-input single-output constraint control.     

Theoretical and experimental aspects of chaos control by time-delayed feedback

We review recent developments for the control of chaos by time-delayed feedback methods. While such methods are easily applied even in quite complex experimental context the theoretical analysis yields infinite-dimensional differential-difference systems which are hard to tackle. The essential ideas for a general theoretical approach are sketched and the results are compared to electronic circuits and to high power ferromagnetic resonance experiments. Our results show that the control performance can be understood on the basis of experimentally accessible quantities without resort to any model for the internal dynamics.     

DC-DC buck变换器时间延迟反馈混沌化控制

混沌化或反混沌控制是混沌控制的逆问题，通过研究DC-DC buck变换器反混沌控制，为其应用打下理论基础.建立了电压时间延迟反馈buck变换器混沌化控制模型，探讨了它的控制机理，分析了buck变换器混沌化条件和稳定特性，由此仿真研究了不同控制参数对变换器混沌化控制的影响.实验结果表明，该方法控制范围宽，易于实现，是一种较好的反混沌控制方法. 关键词： buck变换器 混沌化 时间延迟反馈控制     

Refuting the odd-number limitation of time-delayed feedback control

We refute an often invoked theorem which claims that a periodic orbit with an odd number of real Floquet multipliers greater than unity can never be stabilized by time-delayed feedback control in the form proposed by Pyragas. Using a generic normal form, we demonstrate that the unstable periodic orbit generated by a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, which has a single real unstable Floquet multiplier, can in fact be stabilized. We derive explicit analytical conditions for the control matrix in terms of the amplitude and the phase of the feedback control gain, and present a numerical example. Our results are of relevance for a wide range of systems in physics, chemistry, technology, and life sciences, where subcritical Hopf bifurcations occur.     

Experimental relevance of global properties of time-delayed feedback control

We show by means of theoretical considerations and electronic circuit experiments that time-delayed feedback control suffers from severe global constraints if transitions at the control boundaries are discontinuous. Subcritical behavior gives rise to small basins of attraction and thus limits the control performance. The reported properties are, on the one hand, universal since the mechanism is based on general arguments borrowed from bifurcation theory and, on the other hand, directly visible in experimental time series.     

确定延迟反馈法控制混沌的可控性条件

基于数学上延迟（时滞）系统Hopf分支理论及分析方法，解析地确定出 用延迟反馈法可控制三阶自治混沌系统的一般条件.利用这种分析方法，着重从理论上 讨论了在控制意义下系统出现稳定周期解及由Hopf分支产生周期解的分支方向的判据.将这 些理论应用到三阶自治混沌系统的控制实例中，解析地得到使系统可控的参量区域.在该区 域内选择控制参量，通过数值模拟也得到控制系统从混沌到周期态的结果. 关键词： 延迟反馈 Hopf分支 控制混沌     

Nonlinear analysis of a maglev system with time-delayed feedback control

This paper undertakes a nonlinear analysis of a model for a maglev system with time-delayed feedback. Using linear analysis, we determine constraints on the feedback control gains and the time delay which ensure stability of the maglev system. We then show that a Hopf bifurcation occurs at the linear stability boundary. To gain insight into the periodic motion which arises from the Hopf bifurcation, we use the method of multiple scales on the nonlinear model. This analysis shows that for practical operating ranges, the maglev system undergoes both subcritical and supercritical bifurcations, which give rise to unstable and stable limit cycles respectively. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results and indicate that unstable limit cycles may coexist with the stable equilibrium state. This means that large enough perturbations may cause instability in the system even if the feedback gains are such that the linear theory predicts that the equilibrium state is stable.     

Global view on a nonlinear oscillator subject to time-delayed feedback control

We apply time-delayed feedback control to stabilise unstable periodic orbits of an amplitude-phase oscillator. The control acts on both, the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillator, and we show how the phase of the control signal influences the dynamics of the oscillator. A comprehensive bifurcation analysis in terms of the control phase and the control strength reveals large stability regions of the target periodic orbit, as well as an increasing number of unstable periodic orbits caused by the time delay of the feedback loop. Our results provide insight into the global features of time-delayed control schemes.     

Beyond the odd number limitation of time-delayed feedback control of periodic orbits

We discuss the stabilization of odd-number orbits by time-delayed feedback control. In particular, we review the stabilization of odd-number orbits born in a subcritical Hopf bifurcation or a saddle-node bifurcation of periodic orbits. These examples refute the often invoked odd-number theorem.     

利用线性可逆变换增强延迟反馈方法控制混沌的有效性

基于线性可逆变换方法，提出一种有效提高延迟反馈法控制混沌的方案.通过将系统的部分 状态变量在相应的子空间作变换，实现用单路反馈控制信号替代变换前多路信号对原系统的 控制作用，并且还从理论上确定出满足系统可控的条件.通过数值计算几个控制实例，其结 果很好地说明这种控制混沌的方案是有效和实用的. 关键词： 线性可逆变换 延迟反馈 控制混沌     

Global properties in an experimental realization of time-delayed feedback control with an unstable control loop

We demonstrate by electronic circuit experiments the feasibility of an unstable control loop to stabilize torsion-free orbits by time-delayed feedback control. Corresponding analytical normal form calculations and numerical simulations reveal a severe dependence of the basin of attraction on the particular coupling scheme of the control force. Such theoretical predictions are confirmed by the experiments and emphasize the importance of the coupling scheme for the global control performance.     

增强型延迟反馈法控制低维混沌系统的解析研究

基于时间延迟反馈控制混沌系统的方法,提出一种增强型控制方案,并利用分析延迟系统产生Hopf分支条件的方法,给出这种方案控制低维连续自治混沌系统时,在达到控制目标的条件下,控制参数的一般解析关系.将这一方案和分析方法应用到两个混沌模型中,结果表明:采用修正的方案可以明显地改善控制混沌的效果和质量;解析分析的结果与实际数值计算的结果一致. 关键词： 延迟反馈 混沌控制 Hopf分支     

Delayed feedback control of time-delayed chaotic systems: Analytical approach at Hopf bifurcation

This Letter is concerned with bifurcation and chaos control in scalar delayed differential equations with delay parameter τ. By linear stability analysis, the conditions under which a sequence of Hopf bifurcation occurs at the equilibrium points are obtained. The delayed feedback controller is used to stabilize unstable periodic orbits. To find the controller delay, it is chosen such that the Hopf bifurcation remains unchanged. Also, the controller feedback gain is determined such that the corresponding unstable periodic orbit becomes stable. Numerical simulations are used to verify the analytical results.     

晶闸管混沌行为的延迟反馈控制与尖峰电流抑制

应用延迟反馈控制法(time-delayed feedback control,TDFC),有效地控制了晶闸管中出现的混沌行为,由此提出一种基于Floquet定理的延迟反馈控制法的优化设计方法.为进一步抑制延迟反馈控制出现的尖峰电流现象,根据相空间压缩原理对反馈信号进行相空间压缩,从而很好地抑制尖峰电流.     

Stability and chaotification of vibration isolation floating raft systems with time-delayed feedback control

This paper presents a systematic study on the stability of a two-dimensional vibration isolation floating raft system with a time-delayed feedback control. Based on the generalized Sturm criterion, the critical control gain for the delay-independent stability region and critical time delays for the stability switches are derived. The critical conditions can provide a theoretical guidance of chaotification design for line spectra reduction. Numerical simulations verify the correctness of the approach. Bifurcation analyses reveal that chaotification is more likely to occur in unstable region defined by these critical conditions, and the stiffness of the floating raft and mass ratio are the sensitive parameters to reduce critical control gain.     

Dynamic behavior of time-delayed acceleration feedback controller for active vibration control of flexible structures

This paper addresses the design problem of the controller with time-delayed acceleration feedback. On the basis of the reduction method and output state-derivative feedback, a time-delayed acceleration feedback controller is proposed. Stability boundaries of the closed-loop system are determined by using Hurwitz stability criteria. Due to the introduction of time delay into the controller with acceleration feedback, the proposed controller has the feature of not only changing the mass property but also altering the damping property of the controlled system in the sense of equivalent structural modification. With this feature, the closed-loop system has a greater logarithmic decrement than the uncontrolled one, and in turn, the control behavior can be improved. In this connection, the time delay in the acceleration feedback control is a positive factor when satisfying some given conditions and it could be actively utilized. On the ground of the analysis, the developed controller is implemented on a cantilever beam for different controller gain–delay combinations, and the control performance is evaluated with the comparison to that of pure acceleration feedback controller. Simulation and experimental results verify the ability of the controller to attenuate the vibration resulting from the dominant mode.     

Transient behavior in systems with time-delayed feedback

We investigate the transient times for the onset of control of steady states by time-delayed feedback. The optimization of control by minimizing the transient time before control becomes effective is discussed analytically and numerically, and the competing influences of local and global features are elaborated. We derive an algebraic scaling of the transient time and confirm our findings by numerical simulations in dependence on feedback gain and time delay.     

Control of chaotic Taylor-Couette flow with time-delayed feedback

We demonstrate that unstable periodic orbits embedded in the experimental chaotic attractor determined by the Taylor-Couette flow can be stabilized with a time-delay autosynchronization algorithm. The optimal parameters of the feedback and their dependence on the control parameter are shown as experimental results.