Enantioselective synthesis of (s)- and (R)-tolterodine by asymmetric hydrogenation of a coumarin derivative obtained by a Heck reaction

An efficient and short enantioselective synthesis of (S)- and (R)-tolterodine was performed by asymmetric hydrogenation of a coumarin intermediate, easily obtained by a Heck reaction from inexpensive and commercially available starting materials.     

Enantioselective synthesis of (2R,3R)- and (2S,3S)-2- [(3-chlorophenyl)-(2-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]morpholine

The enantioselective synthesis of the (R,R)- and (S,S)-enantiomers of 1 from commercially available 3-chlorocinnamic acid is reported. The Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation was used to establish the stereocenters in the synthesis of both enantiomers of 1.     

Highly enantioselective synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted and 2,2,6-trisubstituted dihydropyrones: a one-step synthesis of (R)-(+)-hepialone and its analogues

An efficient enantioselective approach to chiral dihydropyrones has been developed by the hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA) reactions of (E)-4-methoxy-2-trimethylsiloxy-penta-1,3-diene (diene 1) with aldehydes and pyruvates. It has been found that the readily accessible (R)-BINOL-Ti(OiPr)(4) (1.1:1) complex was a very effective catalyst for this reaction. Aromatic, heteroaromatic, conjugated, and aliphatic aldehydes afforded the corresponding products in moderate to high isolated yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). The first example of highly enantioselective synthesis of 2,2,6-trisubstituted dihydropyrones by the catalytic reaction of diene 1 with pyruvates was reported. The isolated intermediates indicated that this asymmetric HDA reaction proceeded in a Mukaiyama aldol pathway. On the basis of the absolute configurations of the products, a possible mechanism was proposed. Moreover, the catalytic system could be used to synthesize a series of enantioenriched beta-hydroxyketones 4. Finally, this methodology was successfully applied for the one-step synthesis of the important natural product (R)-(+)-Hepialone with 88% isolated yield and 94% enantioselectivity.     

Enantioselective synthesis of (-)-pentalenene

A short, enantioselective synthesis of (-)-pentalenene is described. Catalytic enantioselective cyclopropenation with (R,R)-Rh2(OAc)(DPTI)3 was used to set the absolute stereochemistry, and an intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction of the resulting cyclopropenyne was used to establish the quaternary center.     

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of (S)-(-)-acromelobic acid

[reaction: see text] A highly efficient enantioselective synthesis of (S)-(-)-acromelobic acid (1) was achieved via asymmetric hydrogenation of dehydroamino acid derivative (3) using (R,R)-[Rh(DIPAMP)(COD)]BF(4) catalyst followed by removal of protective groups in >98% ee and good over all yield. The key intermediate (3) was prepared from the commercially available citrazinic acid (4) in six steps.     

Enantioselective synthesis of (R)- and (S)-alpha-alkylcysteines via phase-transfer catalytic alkylation

We reported efficient enantioselective synthetic methodologies for (R)-alpha-alkylcysteines and (S)-alpha-alkylcysteines. The phase-transfer catalytic alkylation of 2-phenyl-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester and 2-o-biphenyl-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester, in the presence of chiral catalysts (1 or 2), gave the corresponding alkylated products, which could be hydrolyzed to provide (R)-alpha-alkylcysteines (67->99% ee) and (S)-alpha-alkylcysteines (66-88% ee), respectively.     

Convergent synthesis of (2R,3R,8R,9R)-N-Boc-ADDA

The convergent synthesis of N-Boc-(2R,3R,8R,9R,4E,6E)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecadenoic acid (enantio-N-Boc-ADDA) is reported. Our flexible approach takes advantage of highly efficient non-aldol aldol and cross-metathesis methodologies.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)-and (S)-Moprolol

A simple and effective procedure for the enantioselective synthesis of (R)-and (S)-moprolol was described.The key step was the asymmetric synthesis of enantiopure (R)-and (S)-guaifenesin,which were synthesized from enantioenriched (R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol and (S)-epichlorohydrin via kinetics of hydrolysis resolution of racemic epichlorohydrin by chiral Salen-CoIIII complex.The e.e.values of both the optical compounds were above 98%,and the chemical structures of the target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,and MS.     

Total synthesis of (S)-(+)-curcudiol, and (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-curcuphenol.

A highly enantioselective synthesis of the versatile chiral synthons possessing one stereogenic center, (S)- and (R)-4-aryl-5-hydroxy-(2E)-pentenoate (3) was achieved based on the enzymatic reaction of (+/-)-3 with commercially available lipases MY-30 or OF-360 from Candida rugosa. Application of (S)-3 and (R)-3 to the total syntheses of(S)-curcuphenol (1), (S)-curcudiol (2), and (R)-curcuphenol (1), respectively, is described.     

Enantio- and diastereoselective synthesis of (R,R)-beta-methoxytyrosine

The nonproteinogenic amino acid (2R,3R)-beta-methoxytyrosine, a constituent of several cyclic depsipeptide natural products, was synthesized in protected form (8) from a readily available cinnamate ester in four steps and 62% overall yield with a greater than 28:1 er and 19:1 dr. This method provides a highly efficient, enantio- and diastereoselective synthesis of an important amino acid.     

Enantioselective synthesis and selective monofunctionalization of (4R,6R)-4,6- dihydroxy-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane

An efficient, enantioselective synthesis of a disubstituted bis-THF scaffold 5 is described, as well as an efficient differentiation of the 1,3-diol unit. [reaction: see text]     

Enantioselective synthesis of (R)- and (S)-curcumene and curcuphenol: an efficient chemoenzymatic route

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of curcumene and curcuphenol is described. The key intermediates, substituted butanoates 7a and 7b and their acids 8a and 8b are obtained in high enantiopurity (>99% ee) by a lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution process. The enantiopure intermediates thus obtained were utilized for the total synthesis of the target compounds.     

Enantioselective synthesis of 2-arylpiperidines from chiral lactams. A concise synthesis of (-)-anabasine

Cyclodehydration of achiral or racemic aryl-delta-oxoacids with (R)-phenylglycinol stereoselectively affords chiral non-racemic bicyclic lactams, from which the enantiodivergent synthesis of (R)- and (S)-2-phenylpiperidine, the diastereodivergent synthesis of cis- and trans-3-ethyl-2-phenylpiperidine, and the enantioselective synthesis of the piperidine alkaloid (-)-anabasine is reported.     

An enantioselective synthesis of (R)-4-piperidinylglycine

An efficient process for the synthesis of (R)-N-t-Boc-4-piperidinylglycine 8a, an unnatural amino acid, via enantioselective rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation of the Cbz-enamide 5a is described. Subsequent deprotection of 8a affords unprotected (R)-4-piperidinylglycine 9 in good yield.     

A facile enantioselective synthesis of enantiomerically pure (R)-phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride using the hydrolytic kinetic resolution method

A practical and highly efficient enantioselective synthesis of (R)-phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride has been described for the first time using Jacobsen’s hydrolytic kinetic resolution of a terminal epoxide as a key step and source of chirality.     

Asymmetric synthesis of L-carnitine from (R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol

A practical chemical synthesis of L-carmtine(1) has been accomplished from(R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol((R)-4),which is a main by-product originated from(R,R)-Salen Co(Ⅲ) catalyzed hydrolytic kinetic resolution(HKR) of(±)-epichlorohydrin.(R)-4 was utilized as a chiral starting material to prepare the key intermediate cyclic sulfite((R)-S).The new synthetic approach demonstrated an efficient utilization of organic by-product for the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds.     

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of (2R)-hydroxymethyl glutamic acid and an approach to the (2R)-hydroxymethyl-substituted sphingofungins

We have developed a short enantioselective synthesis of (2R)-hydroxymethyl glutamic acid (HMG) starting from Garner's aldehyde using an alkylidene carbene 1,5-CH insertion as a method to construct the quaternary stereocenter. A variety of conditions were examined for the oxidative cleavage of the key cyclopentene intermediate and we found that RuCl3/NaIO4 led directly to the desired amino bis-acid product. We were also able to show that oxidative cleavage of the cyclopentene 1,5-CH insertion product could be used to produce the amino acid-containing skeleton of the sphingofungin family of natural products.     

An enantioselective synthesis of (S)- and (R)-curcuphenol

The enantioselective synthesis of the phenolic sesquiterenses (S)- and (R)-curcuphenol is reported. The key step in this synthesis is the asymmetric conjugate addition using a readily available enantiomerically pure sulfoxide as the chiral auxiliary.     

Stereoselective Synthesis of （R）-Salmeterol via Asymmetric Cyanohydrin Reaction

The authors described a short and highly enantioselective route to （R）-salmeterol involving asymmetric synthesis of cyanohydrin followed by nucleophilic substitution with 6-（4-phenylbutoxy） hexyl methanesulfonate.     

Absolute configuration of anti-HIV-1 agent (-)-concentricolide: total synthesis of (+)-(R)-concentricolide

The first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-(R)-concentricolide, the enantiomer of an anti-HIV-1 agent isolated from Daldinia concentrica, from 2-iodophenol in 7 steps reveals the (S)-configuration for the natural form of the furanophthalide. The key features include an anionic ortho-Fries rearrangement to furnish 3-iodosalicylamide, facile construction of the benzofuran system employing the tandem Sonogashira coupling annulation reaction, directed ortho metalation to introduce a propanoyl group, as well as CBS reduction, establishing the stereocenter enantioselectively.