Optical array logic network computing: Design of a prototype system

We present the architecture of novel optoelectronic parallel computing called optical array logic network computing (OAL-NC). In the OAL-NC, electronic processing elements execute local operations, whereas an optical network processor is dedicated to global operations as well as data transfer. As a prototype of the OAL-NC, a 16x16 pixel system is designed at a logical level. Issues associated with the design task are discussed.     

大视场反射式施密特光学系统设计与检测

大视场、低成本、高性能天文望远镜是当前研究和开发的热点。基于像差平衡原理,在正入射施密特矫正板基础上推导出斜入射反射式施密特矫正板方程,针对焦距1 700 mm,成像视场角4°,波段为0.4 μm～0.9 μm,F数为4.25的光学系统,求解出施密特矫正板方程,并作为初始结构参数代入Zemax软件进一步优化。设计结果表明,在全视场范围内,该系统在奈奎斯特频率100 lp/mm处的调制传递函数MTF大于0.35,畸变小于2.5%,成像质量达到了衍射极限。优化设计后施密特矫正板与最近球面最大偏差为0.005 mm,采用特制的补偿器结合干涉仪可完成面形高精度检测。该施密特系统的设计为大视场、宽波段天文望远镜的开发提供了参考。     

利用外腔改善半导体激光器列阵的远场特性

采用一个由快轴准直透镜和一个高反射率平面镜组成的简单外腔,在腔长为几个cm时实现了半导体激光器列阵中部分单元的锁相运行;DLA远场出现了3个瓣,每瓣发散角为10 mrad左右,对比度为50%;通过控制部分单元的输出,可以抑制旁瓣的能量.     

智能车转向系统的研究及设计

智能车的底层控制主要包括油门、刹车和转向三部分。转向部分主要以电子式助力转向系统(EPS)为基础进行设计。电子控制式电动助力转向系统具有较好的操纵性、安全性、轻便性以及节能性等优点。然而,传统汽车上应用的助力转向系统仅起到辅助作用,对于无人驾驶的智能车来说功率过小,无法实现智能车在静止或者低速行驶时的转向控制,并且智能车的转向控制策略也有所不同。通过选择合理的转向电机、合适的传感器,设计了一套适合智能车的转向系统。通过反复试验,该转向系统可以很好的实现智能车转向控制。     

小孔阵列式太阳敏感器的光学系统设计

微型数字式太阳敏感器光学系统由APS CMOS图像传感器和基于MEMS工艺的小孔阵列式光线引入器组成。图像传感器的分辨率为1024×1024pixel,像素尺寸为10μm×10μm;光线引入器具有微小孔阵列结构,小孔为方形孔,30×30阵列,尺寸为60μm×60μm,间距为250μm。光线引入器采用了MEMS工艺的掩模板制备工艺。针对所设计的光学系统计算了曝光时间,并在此基础上进行了地面成像实验。实验结果表明,光学系统设计合理,保证了敏感器所具有的高精度和大视场。     

红外/激光双模共口径光学系统设计

针对未来导弹的发展趋势,提出一种红外/激光双模共口径光学系统设计方案,可用于获取目标的双模信息。分析了光学系统的基本参数,研究了双模共口径系统的设计思想,并进行了光学系统设计。所设计系统实现了长波红外和激光双波段的共口径成像。红外部分相对孔径1.27,光学系统传递函数接近于衍射限;激光部分相对孔径0.63,接近于理论极限,成像光斑能量分布均匀,线性区范围内光斑变化较小。     

Investigation of surface radius variation in design of a lens duct delivery system

In this article a ray tracing method is used to study the variation of the entrance and exit surface shape in the different lens ducts systems. Designs with a variety of plane and spherical first and second surfaces are studied. The optimum geometrical conditions for each design in terms of the aperture, length, and the radius of curvature are reported. A comparison is made between the results obtained for ducts with the spherical and plane surfaces and the more efficient design is described. The effect of second-order aspheric shape factor on the device performance is also investigated. This study shows that each design has some advantages and disadvantages, and considering specific application, the result of this study can lead to a choice of the optimum design in terms of the required lens duct performance.     

大视场航天遥感器的光学系统设计

设计了一个主镜为凸面的三镜无遮掩全反射光学系统。采用共轴系统设计、离轴视场使用的成像方式,避开了中心遮光,实现了大视场。其视场角为30°×2°,焦距为600mm,相对孔径为1/5 6。各个面都是二次曲面,成像质量接近衍射限。结果表明,用这种方法设计的系统在航天遥感领域具有很好的应用前景。     

Design and operation of a double-fiber displacement sensor

Design and operation of a double-fiber sensor for displacement measurements are reported in this study. In this arrangement, one fiber transmits the laser light to the target and the second one receives the light reflected off the target and transmits to a photodetector. Utilizing inexpensive plastic optical fibers offers advantages such as higher reflexability and more robustness at a reasonable cost, which are required for some applications. The novelties of the reported design are compactness of the fiber probe, flexibility, long dynamic range (22 mm), and it is possible to use the source and the detector at the same side. The displacement of the target causes the intensity modulation and such a power variation is the base of sensor operation. Measurements for the metallic and non-metallic surfaces are performed and the results for aluminum, copper, and bronze sheets are presented here. Our results indicate that the sensitivity is highest for the plane mirror (288.8 mV/mm), high for the shiny metallic surfaces (230.6 mV/mm), but it can be used for other surfaces with a reasonable sensitivity. Important parameters of the sensor such as reproducibility (1.0%) and hysteresis effect (1.8%) are also investigated for this device. The theoretical formulation of the sensor operation is also developed and the computed results are compared with the experimental ones. The obtained experimental respond curve agrees well with the theoretical one, which verifies the successful operation of the proposed sensor system for precise displacement measurements.     

共轴偏光瞳宽视场折轴三反射光学系统设计

共轴偏光瞳系统克服了共轴系统视场角有限,离轴系统加工和装配困难等缺点,能更好满足空间对地观测等领域的要求.由共轴三反系统求解共轴偏光瞳无遮拦三反射镜光学系统的初始结构参数,设计了焦距为3 000 mm,F数为10的共轴偏光瞳的三反射光学系统.设计结果表明:该系统视场角达8°×0.8°,空间频率50 lp/mm,调制传递函数值均大于0.55,接近衍射极限,满足系统对成像质量的要求.     

Optical system and lens design for Blu-ray disc optical pick-up

During the design process of Blu-ray disc optical pick-up (BD OPU), the optical system and the collimator lens design is especially important. This paper designs an optical system and some lenses for the BD OPU, including collimator lens, beam shaping lens for laser beam shaping, and cylinder lens for signal detecting. In this OPU, we use a triplet lens to collimate the laser beam. At the same time, we build a series of assembly jigs to make sure that each lens can be put into the OPU basement properly. At last, we get the reading spot image and S-curve photo of OPU, which can be used to read Blu-ray disc (BD).     

Simultaneous diode laser based in situ quantification of oxygen, carbon monoxide, water vapor, and liquid water in a dense water mist environment

We designed a three-channel tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer to make simultaneous in situ measurements of oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapor in fire environments to aid in the evaluation of water-based fire suppression systems. The instrument also provides simultaneous information on the liquid water content via optical density measurements by evaluation of the captured direct absorption waveforms. We evaluated the spectrometer in a 1350 L test enclosure containing a small propane flame and a piezoelectric generated water mist of sub-10 μm drops. Mist drop number densities were on the order of 10⁶ cm⁻³ resulting in transmission losses of greater than 99.99% for a sample pathlength of 21.6 cm. We were able to detect and quantify oxygen from transmission levels of 100% down to 0.01% with uncertainties of 0.1 and 0.4 vol%, respectively. The water vapor concentration uncertainty never exceeded 0.06 vol% even during times of heavy mist loading. Carbon monoxide levels produced in the test enclosure were below the 250 ppm detection limit determined from analysis of the noise levels in our detected signals. The liquid water content uncertainty was less than for values that typically reached .     

超短脉冲激光瞄准装置光学系统设计

为了提高超短脉冲激光的瞄准精度,基于自准直原理提出瞄准装置光学系统。以670 nm光纤耦合激光器为光源,设计指示光准直、扩束光学系统,准直光的不平行度达到3.2,设计焦距为350 mm,相对孔径1/5,离轴量50 mm的主激光离轴抛物面镜,其成像质量达到衍射极限,基于准直束光学系统和离轴抛物面镜,设计可适应670 nm和800 nm两种波长的20和100的瞄准和监测成像光学系统。提出一种小孔准直的安装调试方法,以指示光进行实验验证,结果表明:设计的光学系统成像光斑均匀,其物方分辨率达到4.1 m。     

瞬态热量标定系统的太阳模拟器光学系统设计

设计了一种应用于瞬时热量标定系统的太阳模拟器光学系统,系统由短弧氙灯、椭球聚光镜和通道反射式积分器组成。介绍了椭球聚光镜的设计准则和限制要求,分析了积分器的工作原理和体均匀性,讨论了辐照面大小要求和安装空间的限制,最后,优化了系统设计并进行了仿真模拟。仿真结果表明,当选用近轴收大倍率为4．5、积分器管长为85mm时,若采用7000w氙灯,即能够获得3％的均匀性和4250食太阳常数的辐账“瞍;若采用5000W氙灯,则可在均匀性不变的情况下获得2980个太阳常数的辐照强度,两者均满足使用要求。     

基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列的新型混沌系统实现

构建了一个新的五维变形蔡氏系统,通过数值仿真,分析平衡点的稳定性、分岔图和Lyapunov指数谱,研究系统特有的基本非线性动力学行为,还分析了改变不同参数时系统动力学行为的变化.基于混沌系统的数值仿真分析以及数字化处理技术,将五维变形蔡氏系统状态方程进行离散化处理,并根据IEEE-754标准和模块化设计理念构建出实现混沌系统变量运算关系的基本模块,进一步利用现场可编程逻辑门阵列硬件平台实现了五维变形蔡氏系统的混沌吸引子.研究结果表明,新五维变形蔡氏系统具有新的混沌动力学行为,并通过硬件证实了新系统的存在性和物理上的可实现性.     

Optical characterisation and modelling for oblique near-infrared laser heating of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites

The optical behaviour of a carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite material is investigated for a near infrared laser heating process applied to automated composite tape placement. A nip point heating strategy in laser tape placement results in a shadow before the nip point on both the incoming tape and substrate. The moderate laser angle relative to the surface of the composite leads to reflections in the cavity formed by the tape and the substrate, reducing the shadow. An optical ray tracing model can provide valuable insight to the interaction of the laser with the composite, as well as detailed estimation of the irradiance distributions. This paper provides the foundations for such a model, describing an optical characterisation process and formulation of appropriate models to capture the composite surface and laser source behaviour. A micro-half-cylinder surface treatment was shown to give a good approximation of the anisotropic scattering behaviour of the composite. Angular dependent reflectance was described well by Fresnel equations. An approximation of the laser beam profile and propagation is also presented.     

可见与红外双波段折反光学系统设计

针对机载小型化、轻量化的环境要求,将红外和电视传感器进行共次镜形式的共光路设计。对于640480非制冷焦平面探测器,设计了焦距185 mm、 F数达到1.3、视场为5.8的长波红外光学系统。对于1/3 CCD（像面尺寸4.8 mm 3.6 mm;像素数759596）,设计了焦距86 mm、F数达到4.5、视场为4的可见（电视）光学系统。     

Optical design and analysis of illumination system based on augmented reality北大核心CSCD

照明系统是增强现实光学系统的重要组成部分,其体积、照度均匀性、能量利用率直接影响增强现实照明系统的质量,因此在照明系统中对光源二次配光非常重要。针对增强现实系统的自由曲面透镜形式和照明系统开展研究,重点分析准直系统集光角度与体积的对应关系,在对光源准直系统的面型构建详细分析基础上,对中心透射边缘反射的折反射式准直系统的面型进行求解,结合偏微分方程法和划分网格法,设计了自由曲面透镜,该系统与偏振分光棱镜共同组成硅基液晶（liquid crystal on silicon,LCoS）照明系统。仿真分析结果表明:系统照度均匀性达到91.96%,若不计偏振影响,照明系统光学效率达到66.6%。该系统具有结构简单紧凑、体积小、质量轻、照度均匀性高等特点,满足增强现实眼镜的需求。     

红外焦平面静态地平仪用地球模拟器光机系统设计

根据红外焦平面静态地平仪的特点,并考虑地球模拟器(地模器)光学系统视场大、成像要求高等因素,在合理耗资的前提下设计了地模器的光机系统.通过分析地平仪的光学系统及工作原理,合理地选择了地模器的光学系统参数及机械结构,对地平仪和模拟器光学系统的匹配进行像质评价,并对机械结构做误差分析.结果显示,匹配后光学系统的RMS直径<27μm,小于探测器像元尺寸.机械结构误差为0.03°,高于地平仪的探测精度.这些结果表明,该地模器基本满足检测红外焦平面静态地平仪的要求.     

Optical design of a full-pupil field,non-contact and high resolution corneal curved objective lens

It has been a challenge to overcome the corneal curvature radius to design a full-pupil field, non-contact and high resolution corneal curved objective lens, which covers the cornea full-pupil field and has the ability to resolve corneal cells. In this paper, we report an optical design of a full-pupil field, non-contact corneal curved objective lens for high resolution cornea imaging. The advantages of this lens are that it has a wide field of view (FOV) with the corneal curved image surface, maintains the beam normal incidence, as well as non-contact lens imaging, and offers a cell-level lateral resolution of cornea structure. The analysis of optimization shows that the system achieves diffraction limit in a circular FOV of 4 mm diameter covering the full-pupil zone. The theoretical lateral resolution is about 2.5 μm with an image space NA of 0.16, which is sufficient to resolve corneal cells of 7 μm diameter, and the working distance is larger than 15 mm which is enough for a non-contact objective lens. So the optical design is effectively and efficiently meeting the demand of specifications.