氦喷嘴激光飞行时间质谱仪系统传输效率的测定

建立了一套氦喷嘴激光飞行时间质谱仪系统并进行了离线模拟研究.其工作原理是:首先在原子化室蒸发产生样品气态原子来模拟核反应产物,然后利用氦气传输和氦喷嘴技术,使样品原子形成准直原子束与激光作用.通过激光共振激发电离实现原子序数Z的选择,再利用飞行时间质谱技术来确定原子量A,实现样品原子的分离与鉴别.通过用²⁴Na的放射性测量的方法对谱仪系统效率进行了研究,其传输效率约为17%.     

激光离子源──寻找与研究新核素的新工具

本文评述激光离子源的基本原理、主要性能、研究方案和近年来的发展,以及在寻找与研究新核素中的应用． The basic principles, important characteristics, developing plans and recent developments as well as applications in finding new nuclide on laser ion source were reviewed in this poper.     

激光离子源的首次在线实验结果

介绍了在线同位素分离器使用激光离子源的重要性、激光离子源原理和相关激光技术,以及热毛细管激光离子源和靶室的结构.在首次在线实验中使用50MeV/u ¹⁸O+^natTa→¹⁶⁷Yb(T_1/2=17.5m)反应道,实现了加速器、分离器和激光系统的联合运行.通过测量分离后产物的γ谱,确定了分离后的¹⁶⁷Yb的产额,并与从产生截面、束流强度、收集时间和靶厚度计算得到的产生率相比,得到总分离效率约为0.2%.通过有激光与无激光条件下测量的γ谱中¹⁶⁷Yb与¹⁶⁷Lu相应峰下面积比值K得到元素选择性η为3.2.发现了新的¹⁶⁷Yb的长寿命高自旋的同质异能态,分析了提高效率的途径.     

毛细管式的靶–离子源系统在线实验研究

讨论了在线同位素分离器使用激光离子源的必要性,分析研究了毛细管式激光离子源对电离器的要求及热毛细管电离器的工作原理,并给出了在线实验的结果.为了在较低温度下形成等离子体鞘势和降低热电离效率,采用了低电子逸出功的耐高温材料Nb作毛细管材料.在线实验获得成功,使用毛细管式的靶–离子源的在线同位素分离器的总效率约达0.2%,满足了激光离子源电离器和靶室的工作要求.     

超强激光与固体气体复合靶作用产生高能氦离子

激光氦离子源产生的MeV能量的氦离子因有望用于聚变反应堆材料辐照损伤的模拟研究而得到关注.目前激光驱动氦离子源的主要方案是采用相对论激光与氦气射流作用加速高能氦离子,但这种方案在实验上难以产生具有前向性和准单能性、数MeV能量、高产额的氦离子束,而这些氦离子束特性是材料辐照损伤研究中十分关注的.不同于上述激光氦离子产生方法,我们提出了一种利用超强激光与固体-气体复合靶作用产生氦离子的新方法.利用这种方法,在实验上,采用功率密度5×10~(18)W/cm~2的皮秒脉宽的激光脉冲与铜-氦气复合靶作用,产生了前向发射的2.7 MeV的准单能氦离子束,能量超过0.5 MeV的氦离子产额约为10~(13)/sr.二维粒子模拟显示,氦离子在靶背鞘场加速和类无碰撞冲击波加速两种加速机理共同作用下得到加速.同时粒子模拟还显示氦离子截止能量与超热电子温度成正比.     

金属样品中铁元素激光共振电离谱的实验研究

本文采用共振激光烧蚀技术研究了钛和铝样品中铁元素的激光共振电离谱,讨论了元素的含量与共振电离谱线强度的关系及基体效应的影响.     

一维氦原子非依次电离的经典模拟

利用经典系综理论研究了强超短激光脉冲作用下的（一维）氦原子的非依次电离过程．通过对先后电离的两个电子的平均库仑势能和距核的平均距离的动力学模拟发现：在脉冲长度不变的条件下,长波长和高强度的超短激光脉冲更有助于非依次电离的发生． 关键词：     

Development Towards a Laser Ion Source Trap for the Production of Exotic Species

A new type of resonance ionization laser ion source (RILIS) is presently being developed and tested at the off-line mass separator at Mainz University for future use at on-line exotic rare isotopes production facilities. For highest isobaric selectivity, this RILIS approach decouples the evaporation and ionization process. A further advantage is the generation of full temporal control of the resulting high quality ion beam. These facts are realized by a combination of atomizer – ion repeller – ion cooler and trap, which is operated together with a state-of-the-art, all solid state laser system. The principle and performance of this laser ion source trap (LIST) system are discussed applying simulation studies for the repeller-trap combination and first measurements for characterization.     

Resonant Ionization Laser Ion Source Project at TRIUMF

Resonant laser excitation and ionisation is one of the most successful tools for the selective production of radioactive ion beams (RIB) at on-line mass separator facilities. TRIUMF plans to augment the current ion sources with a resonant ionisation laser ion source (RILIS), to use the high production yields from the target, as shown by the delivery of 3*10⁴/s ¹¹Li ions from a standard target ion source with surface ionisation. The development and installation of TRIUMF's RILIS (TRILIS) is necessary to provide beams of short lived isotopes that conventional ion sources could not produce in sufficient intensity and purity for nuclear-, and nuclear astrophysics- experiments. A laser system consisting of three tunable titanium–sapphire (TiSa) lasers with frequency doubling and tripling was employed to demonstrate first off-line resonance ionisation of Ga, and is being installed for first on-line test and a run on ⁶²Ga in December 2004.     

ECR离子源束流发射度的实验研究

利用最新自行研制的电扫描发射度探测系统, 在ECR离子源上进行了一系列关于ECR离子源引出束流发射度的研究. 这套电扫描发射度探测系统安装在中国科学院近代物理研究所(兰州)的LECR3试验平台的束运线上. 试验中, 通过测量相关参数, 研究了磁场、微波、掺气效应及负偏压效应等对引出束流发射度的影响. 利用实验所得的结果与关于ECR等离子体和离子源束流发射度的半经验理论, 分析推导了离子源各可调参数与ECR等离子体的直接关系, 这为分析探索ECR离子源的工作机制提供了一定的参考依据.     

激光分离同位素过程中的布居囚禁

采用辍饰原子模型研究了四光子三步共振离化过程的布居囚禁，发现了一种与离化速率无关的布居囚禁。通过数值求解裸原子表象的含时薛定谔方程发现，适当选取激光频率与跃迁的失谐量，可以解除这种布居囚禁。     

用于NPA标定系统的高频离子源研制

研制了一台用于Neutral Particle Analyzer(NPA)标定系统的高频离子源,对其性能参数进行了实验测量,得到引出束流与高频振荡器板压、引出电压及放电气压之间的特性曲线,对影响引出束流稳定性的原因进行了分析.结果表明:当工作气体为氢气,在板压580 V、引出电压1600 V、聚焦电压1550 V和气压9.5×10~(-4) Pa时,能引出66μA的离子流;在41μA束流条件下,4小时内的束流稳定性优于2.6%,影响束流稳定性的主要因素是放电管内工作气体气压的波动和等离子体温度的升高.此结果可以满足HL-2A/M上NPA系统的标定对离子源的要求.     

ORNL-HRIBF 6GHzECR离子源的最新结果

Experimental studies were conducted to characterize and improve the performance of the flat-B ECR ion source.The emittance of the source was investigated for the first time.The output beam currents of high-charge-states of Ar(q>8)were nearly doubled by increasing the plasma electrode aperture from 4mm to 6mm in diameter.To investigate possible enhancements with broadband microwave radiation,a"white"Gaussian noise generator was employed with a TWT amplifier to generate microwave radiation with a bandwidth of～200MHz.The performance of the flat-B ECR ion source was found to be much better with narrow bandwidth radiation when the source was operated in the flat-B region.However,the ion beam intensities and charge state distributions were improved with the broadband radiation when the source was tuned off the flat-B region.     

RIKEN超导ECR离子源磁体系统的设计

Superconducting magnet system for a 28GHz ECR ion source has been designed.The maximum axial magnetic fields are 4T at the rf injection side and 2T at the beam extraction side,respectively.The hexapole magnetic field is about 2T on the inner surface of the plasma chamber.The superconducting coils consist of six solenoids and six racetrack windings for a hexapole field.Two kinds of coil arrangements were investigated:one is an arrangement in which the hexpole coil is located in the bore of the solenoids,and another is the reverse of it.The coils use NbTi-Copper conductor and are bath-cooled in liquid helium.The six solenoids are excited with individual power supplies to search for the optimal axial field distribution.The current leads use high Tc material and the cryogenic system is operated in LHe re-condensation mode using small refrigerators.The thermal insulated supports of the cold mass have also been designed based on the calculated results of the magnetic force.The heat loads to 70K and LHe stages were estimated from the design of the supports,the current leads and so on.