Simulation of transition from Townsend mode to glow discharge mode in a helium dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure

The dielectric barrier discharge characteristics in helium at atmospheric pressure are simulated based on a one-dimensional fluid model. Under some discharge conditions, the results show that one discharge pulse per half voltage cycle usually appears when the amplitude of external voltage is low, while a glow-like discharge occurs at high voltage. For the one discharge pulse per half voltage cycle, the maximum of electron density appears near the anode at the beginning of the discharge, which corresponds to a Townsend discharge mode. The maxima of the electron density and the intensity of electric field appear in the vicinity of the cathode when the discharge current increases to some extent, which indicates the formation of a cathode-fall region. Therefore, the discharge has a transition from the Townsend mode to the glow discharge mode during one discharge pulse, which is consistent with previous experimental results.     

常压He气和N$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;气均匀介质阻挡放电的伏安特性

对带有多电流峰的常压He气均匀介质阻挡放电与常压N₂气均匀介质阻挡放电的伏安特性进行了实验分析. 分析结果表明：实验结果与模拟结果相符. 在带有多电流峰的常压He均匀介质阻挡放电中,辉光放电模式和汤森放电模式可以共存于一个多电流放电序列内. 此外,在放电电流增长阶段,可以根据常压均匀介质阻挡放电的伏安特性曲线的微分电导来判断均匀介质阻挡放电的放电模式. 在放电电流增长阶段,如果电流脉冲的伏安特性曲线呈现负微分电导,则电流脉冲为辉光放电模式;如果呈现正微分电导,则为汤森放电模式. 由此可以判断,常压N₂气均匀介质阻挡放电为汤森放电模式. 关键词： 伏安特性 辉光放电模式 汤森放电模式 常压均匀介质阻挡放电     

介质阻挡均匀大气压氮气放电特性研究

基于一维流体力学模型，对介质阻挡均匀大气压氮气放电特性进行了数值计算研究.模型中考虑了氮气中主要的电离、激发过程，所包含的粒子种类为e，N₂，N⁺₂，N⁺₄，N₂(a¹∑^-_u)，N₂(A³∑⁺_u).模拟结果显示，氮中的放电具有低气压下汤生放电的特性.放电电流幅度较小，放电过程中气体电压变化缓慢，电子密度远低于离子密度，而且最大值出现在阳极，电子不能在放电间隙中被俘获，不存在中性等离子体区，气体中的电场趋于线性变化.亚稳态N₂(A³∑⁺_u)和N₂(a¹∑⁺_u)在整个放电空间都具有非常高的密度，比电子密度高三个量级以上，亚稳态密度的最大值出现在阳极，这样的分布决定了放电的空间结构.放电所需的种子电子主要由亚稳态之间潘宁电离提供，这种机理使放电的电离水平较低，导致氮气中的放电只能是汤生放电.随着放电参数的变化，多电流峰放电也可在氮气中获得. 关键词： 大气压均匀放电 介质阻挡放电 数值模拟 氮气     

大气压氩气介质阻挡辉光放电的一维仿真研究

为了研究氩气(Ar)中介质阻挡大气压辉光放电(APGD)的放电机理, 通过建立一个一维的多粒子自洽耦合流体模型, 采用有限元方法进行数值计算, 得到了气体间隙压降、介质表面电荷密度、放电电流密度随时间的周期变化波形, 以及电子、离子、亚稳态粒子密度和空间电场强度的时空分布. 仿真计算结果表明：介质表面积聚的电荷对于放电的过程的起始及熄灭具有重要作用;当增大外施电压时, 放电击穿时刻提前, 放电电流密度和介质表面电荷密度峰值增大, 表明放电过程更加剧烈;随着阻挡介质相对介电常数的增大, 放电电流密度也随之增大. 各粒子密度及电场的时空分布表明放电过程在外施电压半个周期中只有一次放电, 且存在明显的阴极位降区、负辉区、等离子体正柱区等辉光放电的典型区域, 为大气压辉光放电(APGD).     

大气压Ar／NH3介质阻挡辉光放电的仿真研究

为了研究火气压下氩气（Ar）中掺杂氨气（NH3）的Ar／NH3介质阻挡辉光放电的放电机理,通过建立一‘个多粒子的自洽耦合流体模型,采用有限元方法进行数值计算,得到了气体间隙压降、介质表面电荷密度、放电电流密度随时间的周期变化波形,以及带电粒子、中性粒子与空间电场强度的时空分布．仿真计算结果表明：气体间隙的周期击穿过程主要由气隙电压控制,并受气隙两侧介质极板上积聚的表面电荷的影响．气隙间带电粒子密度和电场强度的时空分布表明本文的放电过程存在阴极位降区、负辉区、法拉第暗区、等离子体正柱区等辉光放电的典型区域,放电模式为大气压辉光放电．在Ar/NH3等离子体中,主要的正离子为NH＋,其次为Ar2＋,主要的负离子为NHi：NH3分解产生的主要的激发态分子为NH,NH2和N2H3,而最终的稳态产物主要是N2和H2．     

Numerical simulation of a direct current glow discharge in atmospheric pressure helium

Characteristics of a direct current(DC) discharge in atmospheric pressure helium are numerically investigated based on a one-dimensional fluid model. The results indicate that the discharge does not reach its steady state till it takes a period of time. Moreover, the required time increases and the current density of the steady state decreases with increasing the gap width. Through analyzing the spatial distributions of the electron density, the ion density and the electric field at different discharge moments, it is found that the DC discharge starts with a Townsend regime, then transits to a glow regime. In addition, the discharge operates in a normal glow mode or an abnormal glow one under different parameters, such as the gap width, the ballast resistors, and the secondary electron emission coefficients, judged by its voltage–current characteristics.     

大气压氩气放电中的斑图形成

采用双水电极的介质阻挡放电装置，在混有0.5％空气的大气压氩气放电中观察到了六边形及正方网格斑图；测量了正方网格中的微放电的时间行为，发现相邻两次放电的时间间隔是长短交替的；分析了壁电荷对放电丝自组织成斑图过程的影响. 关键词： 自组织斑图 微放电     

Characteristics of parallel-plate and planar-surface dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure

Experiments are performed to investigate and compare the characteristics of stable parallel-plate and planar-surface dielectric barrier discharge in helium gas at atmospheric pressure. The evolution of applied electric field profile and the discharge initiation processes are found quite different for both electrode geometries. Further discharge voltage, discharge current, power densities etc. are compared. The differences of basic plasma properties are presented for both the electrode configurations.     

发射光谱法测量常压介质阻挡放电氩等离子体的放电参数

介绍发射光谱法测量常压介质阻挡氩等离子体的放电参数的方法,通过常压介质阻挡放电氩等离子体的光谱图,测量和计算了等离子体的电子温度和电子浓度.     

大气压氩气介质阻挡放电中的四边形斑图和六边形斑图

在大气压氩气介质阻挡放电中，研究了斑图形成随放电条件的变化.观察到随电压的增加，斑图经历六边形—四边形—具有辉光背景的四边形—具有辉光背景的六边形的转变过程.其空间波长与放电丝密度也随之改变.在一定的放电条件下，斑图涌现出辉光背景，此时空间波长与放电丝密度保持不变，但放电丝每半周期放电脉冲数由一次变为两次. 关键词： 介质阻挡放电 四边形斑图 六边形斑图 空间波长     

Generation of uniform atmospheric pressure argon glow plasma by dielectric barrier discharge

In this paper, atmospheric pressure glow discharges (APGD) in argon generated in parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge system is investigated by means of electrical and optical measurements. Using a high voltage (0–20 kV) power supply operating at 10–30 kHz, homogeneous and steady APGD has been observed between the electrodes with gap spacing from 0.5 mm to 2 mm and with a dielectric barrier of thickness 2 mm while argon gas is fed at a controlled flow rate of 1 l/min. The electron temperature and electron density of the plasma are determined by means of optical emission spectroscopy. Our results show that the electron density of the discharge obtained is of the order of 10¹⁶ cm^???3 while the electron temperature is estimated to be 0.65 eV. The important result is that electron density determined from the line intensity ratio method and stark broadening method are in very good agreement. The Lissajous figure is used to estimate the energy deposited to the glow discharge. It is found that the energy deposited to the discharge is in the range of 20 to 25 μJ with a discharge voltage of 1.85 kV. The energy deposited to the discharge is observed to be higher at smaller gas spacing. The glow discharge plasma is tested to be effective in reducing the hydrophobicity of polyethylene film significantly.     

大气压介质阻挡放电中的自组织斑图结构

采用水作为电极,对大气压介质阻挡放电中的自组织斑图结构进行了研究,观测到了规则的斑图结构(包括准六边形斑图和条带状斑图)和不规则的斑图结构.实验发现斑图中放电丝的密度随着电介质层厚度的增加及放电气隙宽度变大而减小,而随外加电压及频率增大而增大.采用空间相关函数的方法分析了准六边形斑图结构中的放电丝分布与驱动电源电压的关系 关键词： 介质阻挡放电 自组织斑图 放电丝密度 空间相关函数     

大气压Ar射频容性放电模式转变的温度表征

在大气压条件下Ar气流中实现了容性射频放电α和γ两种模式及其转变与共存.由于放电处于开放大气环境中,放电发射光谱中清晰地存在 N₂C³Π_u→Β³Π_g跃迁产生的第二正带和OH自由基 Α²Σ→Χ²Π跃迁的(0,0)带光谱.为了获得放电区域的宏观温度,针对氮的第二正带(0,1),(1,2)两个谱带,自编了拟合程序,用温度拟合方法获得了氮分子的转动温度和振动温度,研究了转动温度随放电功率的变化趋势,得到了温度突变与放电模式转变的相关性.利用Lifbase的发射光谱模拟功能,进行了OH自由基Α²Σ→Χ²Π(0,0)带光谱的模拟,通过与实验光谱对比,得到了与N₂光谱拟合结果相符的OH转动温度,以及相似的随放电功率的变化趋势,这说明放电空间内的中性物种达到了热平衡状态.根据放电伏安特性变化,放电模式转变对应的转动温度变化趋势得到确认,并且与放电形态的照片符合. 关键词： 大气压等离子体 放电模式 转动温度     

大气压下绝缘毛细管内等离子体放电及其特性研究

在石英毛细管内利用两个边缘锋利的中空针型电极间的放电形成了63 cm长的大气压弧光等离子体.通过记录放电图片和测量电流-电压特征波形及伏安特性曲线的方法对管内等离子体从反常辉光状态过渡至超长弧光状态的过程做了细致的研究,发现管内等离子体在弧光状态下的电子密度不低于10¹⁴ cm^-3.另外,还进一步考察了两电极的间距和电源工作频率对放电伏安特性的影响以及通过发射光谱法测得的等离子体气体温度随外加电压的变化规律.当活性气体(氧气)按一定比例混合到氩等离子体中时,通过 关键词： 大气压等离子体 反常辉光放电 弧光放电 发射光谱     

Low frequency ionization waves in helium surface barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure

The low frequency ionization waves in helium surface barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure are reported. Increase in applied voltage increases wave frequency. Further the coherent oscillation excited at low voltage becomes turbulent at high voltage and finally disappears to form uniform discharge. The dispersion relation of such ionization waves is discussed.     

用PET薄膜覆盖金属丝网电极实现大气压空气中均匀放电

将325^#不锈钢丝网电极和0.1 mm厚的PET薄膜紧贴在一起,平整地固定在Rogowski电极基座上,用50 Hz工频电压源及并联稳压电容,在大气压下2 mm空气间隙中实现了均匀放电.实验表明：将放电电流和电荷量波形作为判断放电均匀性的依据并不是完全可靠的,它只能判断放电在时间上的一致性,而不足以判断放电在空间上的均匀性.只有拍摄曝光时间不大于100ns的放电图像,才能可靠地判断放电的均匀性.在金属丝网电极覆盖PET薄膜的大气压气体放电实验中,这种放电图像被拍摄到,并说明大气压空气中的均匀放电只是汤森放电,而非辉光放电. 关键词： 大气压辉光放电 金属丝网电极 驻极体 高速摄影     

Coaxial rf atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier air-helium plasma characteristics

The electrical and optical characteristics of a coaxial rf atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with one electrode covered with glass and with helium in air were investigated. Optical measurements with an intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) camera combined with the voltage and power vs. current data provided identification of the α to γ mode transitions. The coaxial design allowed operation with very low power density plasmas (0.18 W/cm³) and a much larger plasma size (13 mm) than the parallel plate designs.     

Numerical studies of atmospheric pressure glow discharge controlled by a dielectric barrier between two coaxial electrodes

The glow discharge in pure helium at atmospheric pressure, controlled by a dielectric barrier between coaxial electrodes, is investigated based on a one-dimensional self-consistent fluid model. By solving the continuity equations for electrons, ions, and excited atoms, with the current conservation equation and the electric field profile, the time evolution of the discharge current, gas voltage and the surface density of charged particles on the dielectric barrier are calculated. The simulation results show that the peak values of the discharge current, gas voltage and electric field in the first half period are asymmetric to the second half. When the current reaches its positive or negative maximum, the electric field profile, and the electron and ion densities represent similar properties to the typical glow discharge at low pressures. Obviously there exist a cathode fall, a negative glow region, and a positive column. Effects of the barrier position in between the two coaxial electrodes and the discharge gap width on discharge current characteristics are also analysed. The result indicates that, in the case when the dielectric covering the outer electrode only, the gas is punctured earlier during the former half period and later during the latter half period than other cases, also the current peak value is higher, and the difference of pulse width between the two half periods is more obvious. On reducing the gap width, the multiple current pulse discharge happens.     

低气压氙气介质阻挡放电的一维仿真研究

通过建立一个自洽耦合的一维流体模型来描述低气压氙气介质阻挡放电(DBD),并采用有限元法对模型进行数值仿真研究,得到了不同外加电压幅值和频率下的气体间隙压降、放电电流、介质表面电荷随时间的变化关系以及电子、离子、中性粒子和空间电场的时域分布.仿真结果表明:介质表面电荷对放电的点燃与熄灭起着关键的作用;在一个放电周期内,根据气体间隙压降的变化情况,介质表面电荷可按六个阶段进行分析;随着外施电压幅值的增加,间隙击穿逐渐提前至外施电压过零点之前发生,放电更为剧烈;随着外施电压频率的提高,气体间隙压降减小,间隙容易击穿,放电也更加均匀.粒子及空间电场的时域分布表明氙气DBD为典型的辉光放电.     

大气压氦气介质阻挡放电中的周期一不对称放电实验研究

大气压介质阻挡放电不仅具有对称周期一的放电形式, 还会在一定参数下呈现不对称周期一(AP1)放电. 本文采用具有平行电极结构的介质阻挡放电装置, 分别在气隙宽度1 mm, 3 mm, 7 mm和10 mm下的大气压氦气中进行了一系列放电实验, 研究了气隙宽度和外施电压频率对周期一放电对称性的影响. 实验结果表明: 在较宽的气隙宽度和外施电压频率参数区间内可以观察到显著的AP1放电; 气隙宽度越大越容易产生AP1放电, 同一气隙宽度下外施电压频率较高时则相对更容易观察到AP1放电; 随着气隙宽度增加, 首次击穿即呈现AP1 放电的外施电压频率临界值逐渐减小. 本文的研究初步验证了之前关于气隙宽度对AP1放电影响的数值仿真结果, 由此可以推测AP1放电并不只是由系统参数的不对称引起的, 也很可能是一种在一定的气隙宽度和外施电压频率下系统固有的、内在的高频不稳定放电行为. 关键词： 介质阻挡放电 不对称放电