空气中快速运动声源水下声场的波数积分模型

本文采用二维波数积分，对空气中高速运动声源激发的水下声场进行建模。针对二维波数积分计算声场时域解计算量大的问题，提出一种快速计算方法。用本文提出的方法，对深海和浅海情况下，空气中高速运动单频点声源激发的水下声场进行了计算和仿真。计算结果表明：在深海，水下接收信号的幅度和瞬时频率随时间发生变化；接收器深度、接收器与声源运动轨迹的最小距离对接收信号的变化快慢有较大影响，而声源高度的影响较小；在浅海中，接收信号呈现快速的幅度起伏，明显的多普勒频移和大的频率展宽效应。与简正波方法相比，本文方法主要适用于近场计算，而简正波方法适用于远场。另外，当声源频率较高时，二维波数积分方法的计算量将迅速增大。     

Scalar radiation from a point source

We consider a classical scalar field, obeying the inhomogeneous Klein-Gordon equation, in the case of a single point source. We propose a definition for the radiated energy-momentum and give an expression for it in terms of the prescribed world line of the source where we assume that the acceleration vanishes outside a finite interval. We find that only the part of the world line with non-vanishing acceleration contributes to the radiation, which travels at all speeds less than but not equal to the speed of light. We briefly discuss the case with more than one point source.     

水下水平阵对空中运动声源的线谱探测

由于空气、海水介质声阻抗差异巨大,空中声源辐射的噪声透射入水的能量损失很大,加之水中声源目标的干扰,从水下探测空中声源相对困难。海试数据分析表明,空中高速运动声源噪声透射入水后信号较弱,在频繁存在干扰的水下声场环境中,常规宽带波束形成方法难以生效.针对空中声源普遍存在线谱的特点,首先利用线谱识别、提取与跟踪以及线谱加密技术对水下水平阵接收信号进行线谱分析,再通过剔除强干扰目标的线谱,成功分离出包含空中声源的线谱信号,实现对空中运动声源的探测,最远距离达16.8 km。通过理论和实验数据分析,验证了探测结果的正确性.     

声场匹配波叠加法的水下结构声辐射预报

提出了一种适用于典型结构声辐射预报的声场匹配波叠加方法。该方法利用少量的参考点声压,通过声场匹配搜索等效源分布,得到最小二乘意义下的最优等效源位置。并研究了表面振动测点位置、数目及振动分布的离散性对声场预报精度的影响。最后在半空间消声水池中,对两端带帽圆柱壳的声辐射预报进行了试验验证。结果表明:等效源最佳位置一经确定,即可利用结构的表面振速,对不同激励下的该结构进行声辐射预报。该方法在较宽频段内对不同的振动分布有较好的适应性。     

Electromagnetic field generated by a modulated moving point source in a planarly layered waveguide

In the present work, we consider a modulated point source in an arbitrary motion in an isotropic planarly layered waveguide. The radiation field generated by this source is represented in the form of double oscillatory integrals in terms of the time and the frequency, depending on the large parameter λ. By means of the stationary phase method, we analyze, in the waveguide, the Doppler effect, the retarded time, and the Vavilov–Cherenkov radiation. Numerically, the problem of the moving source is approached by the method of spectral parameter power series.     

水下运动声源的方位方差检测方法

为了提高对水下运动目标的检测能力,利用水下目标辐射信号与海洋环境噪声在空间分布特性上的差异,提出了一种方位方差检测方法。该方法采用时延估计法估计目标方位,对方位求方差以获得检验统计量。采用奈曼-皮尔逊准则,推导了该方法的检测概率关系式,得出了检测性能与信噪比关系曲线,并与宽带能量检测方法进行了比较,表明该方法的性能远优于宽带能量检测方法。理论分析和海上试验结果都验证了该方法的有效性。     

Sound radiation from a water-filled pipe,radiation into light fluid

This paper is concerned with the sound radiation from a water-filled exhaust pipe. The pipe opening and a plate attached to it form a vibrating surface for this radiation. Fluid-structural coupling between the pipe and enclosed fluid is included in the system modeling, but light fluid assumption is used for sound radiation into the space above the vibrating surface. In this paper, a numerical study on the n = 0 mode in the pipe shows that the wave types associated with this mode have different characteristics in two regions of the nondimensional frequency omega. In the first region of 0相似文献   

Sound radiation from point sources in circular motion

The moving-source approach used by Morfey and Tanna for broad-band sound radiation from a point force in circular motion is adopted in this paper to evaluate the sound radiated in the far field due to point sources of random time variation rotating uniformly in a circle at subsonic speed. It is shown that the sound pressure results (overall and spectral density) for the volume velocity source can be easily extracted from the corresponding results for a rotating point force. An expression for the sound field of a point volume displacement source in arbitrary motion is derived and this is applied to the special case of uniform circular motion. The effects of acceleration of the sources due to circular motion on the radiated sound are established. Applications include noise from tip jet rotors, compressors and marine propellers.     

基于路径选择的深海水下运动目标被动深度估计

深海水下运动目标的深度估计是目标分辨与识别中的重要一环。基于深海运动目标在深海中的直达波与海面反射波的到达时延与位置之间的关系,寻找时延图上运动目标的候选路径,利用候选路径模拟目标的运动路径,提出了一种可用单水听器实现的水下运动目标深度估计方法。通过用候选路径的估计时延与实际接收时延的比较对路径进行筛选,从而减少了需要的位置先验信息。2018年在南中国海进行的深海实验数据处理的结果表明该估计方法可行,对于实验中距离15 km以内的拖曳声源,深度相对估计误差可以达到15%以内。     

点声源入射下无限大平板的隔声

利用球面波的平面波展开形式,推导了自由场中点声源入射下无限大平板的隔声公式,研究了其隔声性能。数值模拟结果表明,点声源入射下平板隔声规律不同于通常采用的平面波入射条件下的质量隔声定律。在频率较低或板厚度较薄时,频率或板面密度增加一倍,平板隔声量的增加约为3 dB,而插入损失的增加约为6 dB。     

Propagation of a moving point source in a stratified medium with fluid flow

Summary The problem of an acoustic field generated by a point source moving with arbitrary velocity in a stratified medium in still air has been addressed by Limet al. (Lim P. H. andOzard J. M.,J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,95 (1994) 131). The aim of this paper is to investigate the same problem in the presence of a moving fluid.     

Sound radiation from point acoustic stresses in circular motion

The general result for the sound field of a point acoustic stress in arbitrary motion is applied in this paper to study the effects of (i) uniform straight-line motion, (ii) uniform circular motion and (iii) pure rotation on the overall sound radiation from random point acoustic stresses. The effects of acceleration of the stresses due to steady rotation in a circle are established, using the moving-source approach adopted in two previous papers for the far-field sound radiation from rotating point forces and point sources. Applications include the turbulent sound generation from tip jet rotors and noise from rotating blades with distributed forces.     

Removal of asphalt-paraffin deposits in oil pipelines by a moving source of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation

A new method for removing asphalt-paraffin and gasohydrate plugs in oil pipelines with a movable source of electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic pig, is suggested. The pig melts the plug when the latter absorbs intense electromagnetic radiation and heats up. Effective melting of the dielectric plug is achieved with the source moving along the pipeline as the solid-liquid interface propagates. The time of paraffin plug removal and the dependence of this time on the radiation frequency are found with the model suggested. The efficiency of the method is estimated.     

Sound radiation by a plane localized vortex

A classical problem on small-scale fluctuations of the Rankine vortex in a compressible gas has been numerically simulated. Euler equations for a compressible gas have been solved by the CABARET method. Simulation results well predict the value of the eigenfrequency of the boundary fluctuations for the azimuthal harmonic n = 2 and almost coincide with the analytic solution. The value of the acoustic instability increment has been quantitatively predicted despite the fact that it is small and it has been revealed at a fluctuation number higher than 100.     

Love waves excited by a moving source

The study analyzes the characteristics of surface Love waves excited by the moment of an oscillating torsional force with a point of action that moves uniformly and rectilinearly along the free flat boundary of a medium having the structure of a “layer on a half-space.” The azimuthal–angular distribution of the amplitude and Doppler shift in frequency of the wave modes is studied as a function of the motion velocity of a vibrating source and the parameters of the medium.     

Acoustic field of a point source in water with air bubbles

A model problem of sound wave propagation from a point source located in water at the center of a spherical bubble cloud is solved. The resulting dependences of wave attenuation on the sound frequency and bubble concentration are compared with those obtained in the approximation of a quasi-homogeneous medium. The validity limits of this approximation are determined.     

Influence of an unbounded elastic plate on the radiation of sound by a point source

A sound source is placed at a finite distance from an unbounded elastic place. The source and the plate are submerged in an unbounded fluid at rest. The source has harmonic time dependence. A linear theory is used to compute how much energy is radiated into the fluid and how much energy travels along the plate from the source to infinity.