基于频移反馈腔的全光纤射频调制脉冲激光研究

射频调制的脉冲激光是激光雷达探测领域内的一项重要研究内容.根据声光斩波器的强度和频率调制特性,设计了基于频移反馈腔的全光纤射频调制脉冲激光.理论上,建立了基于频移反馈腔的激光外差相干理论模型,并进行了数值仿真.根据理论模型,实验上严格控制频移反馈腔的长度和声光斩波器触发信号的周期,在100 MHz的射频信号驱动下,产生了脉冲宽度110 ns、重复频率约20 kHz的具有最高700 MHz射频调制的脉冲激光(脉内调制激光);同时微调斩波周期可以实现脉冲前沿或后沿的多样性射频调制.通过改变反馈腔内光纤放大器的输出功率实现了射频调制深度的连续可调,最高达到了0.67.     

MgO∶PPLN级联倍频实现高转换效率强度调制532nm激光

利用单块非平面环形腔单频激光器和声光移频器,获得了输出功率为10 mW的1064 nm双频激光,拍频调谐范围为125～175 MHz。采用光纤功率放大器可将1064 nm双频激光的功率放大到10 W。为了提高倍频效率,采用两块长度为15 mm的MgO∶PPLN晶体,获得功率为2.26 W的强度调制绿色激光,最高倍频效率为24.5%。当基频光的频差为150 MHz时,得到的绿光拍频分别为150 MHz和300 MHz,2 min拍频稳定性分别是2.7 Hz和5.3 Hz。     

用超声衍射效应实现位移测量

本文叙述了用声光调制器实现位移测量的原理。入射光束与声光调制器间的相对运动引起的多普勒频移被反映光衍射的频移中去，通过测量该多普勒频移，测量出声光调制器的位移的大小，文中给出了实验结果。     

采用声光频移器反馈控制实现激光强度稳定

本文基于声光频移器,采用光电反馈方式实现了激光强度的稳定控制。根据声光频移器的布拉格衍射对激光强度的调节作用,以光电反馈得到的反馈电信号控制驱动声光频移器的射频功率大小,进而对声光频移器的输出激光强度进行稳定,激光在47 kHz以下的低频噪声实现最大抑制比为15 dB。实验结果基本满足了所要求的激光稳定度。此外还分析了整个回路的响应特性,测试了除反馈电路之外其他部分的相移特性。     

高功率全光纤光载微波信号功率放大器

为获得可应用于光载微波雷达系统的高功率双频激光源,用1 064nm窄线宽Nd∶YAG单块非平面环形腔激光器作为单频种子源,其输出分为两路,一路直接耦合入光纤,另一路经声光移频,与未移频的光束合束后获得中心频差为150 MHz、功率为20mW的双频激光.利用以半导体激光泵浦和掺Yb3+石英光纤为增益介质的3级主振荡功率放大系统对双频固体激光器输出的双频激光进行放大,获得50.3W的双频放大输出,光束质量因子为1.30,第三级主放大斜效率为74%.双频成分的幅度比、频差在放大过程中得到保持,拍频调制深度及信噪比等特性也未有恶化.双频光纤功率放大器在频差稳定和高功率输出等方面均有良好的表现.     

声光偏转快调谐脉冲CO_2激光器实验研究

采用双声光调制器光路快速偏转技术与自准直光栅法实现CO_2激光全波段快调谐同光路输出。首先对声光调制器特性进行实验研究,结果显示:声光调制器偏转角度约为4. 4°,与运用布拉格方程计算结果相符;且激光单次通过声光调制器移频量为40. 68 MHz,与声光驱动器射频频率一致,将激光往返多次经声光调制器的移频量叠加。进而,开展基于声光调制器的CO_2激光快调谐实验研究,运用两个对称布置的同驱动频率声光调制器补偿声光移频,实现偏转光路振荡输出,运用光栅法在直线光路中实现激光全波段可调谐输出。最终,在声光调制器时序控制下,实现双波长激光快调谐同光路输出,选定激光波长的切换时间约为1 ms,脉宽小于300 ns,且双波长切换速度不受CO_2激光跃迁谱带的限制。     

多级复合环路光学锁相环技术研究

星间相干通信系统其多普勒频移达到了吉赫兹量级,同时受到调谐激光器线宽、相位噪声的影响,对光学锁相环路系统提出了高要求。依据科斯塔斯锁相环技术原理,将温度调谐、压电陶瓷(PZT)调谐、声光移频器(AOFS)调谐复合到一起,通过内环与外环方式对本振激光器进行调控,实现光学锁相功能。搭建实验测试系统对环路性能进行测试,结果表明:此系统可达到锁相范围为4GHz,锁相带宽为1.7 MHz,实现了信号光与本振光之间的多普勒频移跟踪、激光器线宽补偿及相位快速锁定,最终相位残余误差5.1°。     

声光可调谐环形腔掺铒光纤激光器

应用单级偏振无关的准共线型声光可调谐滤波器为调谐元件,实现了环形腔掺铒光纤激光器的连续可调谐激光输出.简要阐述了与偏振无关的准共线型声光可调谐滤波器的工作原理,对其频移补偿原理进行了分析.实验研究得到:当抽运功率为13mW时,中心波长为1550nm的激光输出功率为322μW,阈值抽运功率在7.65mW左右,斜率效率约为6.02%;并获得了38nm带宽(1524.7—1562.4nm)的连续可调谐激光输出.     

高功率宽带射频调制连续激光源

射频强度调制激光作为激光雷达系统的载波可以有效提高系统的抗干扰和抗散射能力,高功率宽带射频强度调制光源是实现高分辨率远距离探测的关键.本文采用在Nd:YAG激光器的耦合腔中插入一对四分之一波片的方法实现了频差调谐范围为30 MHz—1.5 GHz的双频激光输出,结合光纤振荡功率放大技术,将双频信号光功率放大为50 W.耦合腔双频种子源具有良好的功率和频率稳定性,输出功率为9.5 mW时,功率标准差为0.145 mW,稳定性为1.52%,输出双频激光的频差为250 MHz时,拍频的标准差为1.6144 MHz.种子光进行三级光纤功率放大,得到50 W双频激光输出.放大后的双频激光功率波动范围小于0.1 W,双频拍频的标准差为1.777 MHz,很好地保持了放大之前的功率稳定性和双频频差稳定性.     

宽频调谐的光纤耦合声光调制系统

采用双次通过声光调制器和"猫眼"结构,消除频率调制带来的光路偏转并增大激光频率的调谐范围,使用射频驱动功率反馈调节法实现了激光功率的稳定.理论计算和实验验证表明,选择焦距为40mm透镜方案,激光频率调谐在160 MHz时,系统整体光纤耦合效率达到了56.8%.在保证系统光利用率大于15%时,系统的有效频率调谐范围为100 MHz.通过功率稳定系统,在频率调谐60 MHz的变化范围内,输出光功率波动控制在±0.07%以内并能保持长期稳定工作.     

An ultrafast all-optical asymmetric Fabry-Pérot switch based on bulk Be-doped InGaAsP grown by He-plasma-assisted epitaxy

We demonstrated ultrafast all-optical switching, using an asymmetric Fabry-Pérot device, based on bulk Be-doped InGaAsP grown by He-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We achieved 5 ps switching window (1/e fall time) and a peak contrast ratio of 20 dB at 1.57 μm. High contrast (> 10 dB) was maintained over ～24 nm of bandwidth under switching energy density of 0.5 pJ/μm², and over ～40 nm of bandwidth when switching energy density was increased to 1.4 pJ/μm². The switching operation was independent of data pulse polarization, and could be potentially performed at high repetition rates.     

Real time linewidth measurement of a continuously tunable multiatmosphere TE CO2 laser

Frequency upconversion as a means of investigating the spectral characteristics of continuously tunable multiatmosphere TE CO₂ lasers has been demonstrated. Phase matched mixing in proustite of 10 μm laser radiation and the output of a single-mode Nd:YAG laser has permitted Fabry-Pérot interferograms, at the 0.96 μm sum frequency, to be recorded with the aid of a conventional image converter tube.     

High resolution laser fluorescence spectroscopy in the deep blue spectral region

High-resolution laser spectroscopy measurements have been performed in the wavelength region around 4000 Å using a pulsed dye laser acting on a collimated atomic beam. Extra-cavity Fabry-Pérot filtering was used to achieve a narrow line-width of the laser light. Isotope shifts were measured in the 4216 Å and 4202 Å rubidium lines with the result Δσ(87, 85)=124.3(4)MHz, andΔσ(87, 85) = 124.2(7)MHz, respectively, and in the 3988 Å ytterbium line with the resultδσ(176, 174)=?509(4)MHz, Δσ(174, 172)=?530(4) MHz.     

Electron tunneling through double-electric barriers on HgTe/CdTe heterostructure interface

We investigate theoretically the carrier transport in a two-dimensional topological insulator of (001) HgTe/CdTe quantum-well heterostructure with inverted band, and find distinct switchable features of the transmission spectra in the topological edge states by designing the double-electric modulation potentials. The transmission spectra exhibit the significant Fabry-Pérot resonances for the double-electric transport system. Furthermore, the transmission properties show rich behaviors when the Fermi energy lies in the different locations in the energy spectrum and the double-electric barrier regions. The opacity and transparency of the double-modulated barrier regions can be controlled by tuning the modulated potentials, Fermi energy and the length of modulated regions. This electrical switching behavior can be realized by tuning the voltages applied on the metal gates. The Fabry-Pérot resonances leads to oscillations in the transmission which can be observed in experimentally. This electric modulated-mechanism provides us a realistic way to switch the transmission in edge states which can be constructed in low-power information processing devices.     

基于减反膜外腔反馈半导体激光器拉曼光的产生

通过直接对减反膜外腔反馈半导体激光器进行电流调制的方法,得到了两束位相锁定且频率差在6.0-9.3GHz范围内连续可调的激光,其中6.835和9.192GHz分别对应Rb⁸⁷和Cs¹³³原子基态超精细能级之间的频率差,激光功率分别可以达到6.87mW和5.09mW. 根据减反膜外腔反馈半导体激光器的特点,通过调整外腔腔长、激光器工作温度、电流以及所加射频调制信号的功率和频率,在调制频率小于等于4.0GHz时可以将载波完全压制. 调制频率大于4.0GHz时,虽不能将载波完全压制,但由于外腔与调制频率共振时对调制的增强也得到了调制深度很高的激光,并对其中的物理机理作了分析. 通过后续滤波等方法处理以后,该拉曼光源可以广泛应用到原子的量子操控中. 关键词： 受激拉曼光 高频调制 调制增强     

Laser mode selection in reflective multipass optical cavity

The performance of a simple resonator that couples a reflective multipass interferometer cavity and a Fabry-Pérot etalon to obtain high efficiency tunable single-longitudinal mode (SLM) oscillation in a TEA CO₂ laser is reported. A numerical model of the resonator was explained to predict the mode behavior of the laser as well as to optimize the resonator to achieve SLM operation, and the predicted mode characters are experimentally verified.     

Wideband wavelength conversion using double-pass cascaded χ:χ interaction in lossy waveguides

We report the wavelength conversion based on double-pass cascaded nonlinear interaction (χ⁽²⁾:χ⁽²⁾) of sum and difference frequency generation in quasi-phase matched lithium niobate waveguides and compare it with double-pass cascaded second harmonic generation and difference frequency generation with and without waveguide loss. It is shown that the efficiency decreases considerably even for the low-loss waveguide compared to the lossless one especially for long waveguides and to achieve the higher efficiency for the same length, the amount of the extra power to compensate the loss increases. Also, an increased detuning of pump wavelength is proposed to flatten the response with a small efficiency penalty. The detuning- and loss-compensating pump powers can be found using the design diagrams in which the criteria for the design of waveguide length and the assignment of pumps power to obtain the desired efficiency, ripple and bandwidth are presented assuming a 75-nm pump wavelength difference.     

Flexible control of semiconductor laser with frequency tunable modulation transfer spectroscopy

We introduce a new method of simultaneously implementing frequency stabilization and frequency shift for semiconductor lasers. We name this method the frequency tunable modulation transfer spectroscopy(FTMTS). To realize a stable output of 780 nm semiconductor laser, an FTMTS optical heterodyne frequency stabilization system is constructed. Before entering into the frequency stabilization system, the probe laser passes through an acousto-optical modulator(AOM) twice in advance to achieve tunable frequency while keeping the light path stable. According to the experimental results, the frequency changes from 120 MHz to 190 MHz after the double-pass AOM, and the intensity of laser entering into the system is greatly changed, but there is almost no change in the error signal of the FTMTS spectrum. Using this signal to lock the laser frequency, we can ensure that the frequency of the laser changes with the amount of AOM shift. Therefore,the magneto-optical trap(MOT)-molasses process can be implemented smoothly.     

Single mode operation of cw dye lasers

This paper describes an investigation of the special problems of single mode operation in cw dye lasers. Single mode operation in homogeneously broadened lasers can be obtained, if the gain due to spatial hole burning is compensated by dispersive elements, as prisms, Fabry-Pérot etalons and single dielectric interfaces within the resonator. The gain and the influence of the dispersive elements were calculated for two commonly used types of resonators. The calculations make it possible to design simple continuously tunable single-mode systems.     

Generation of high-power blue light in periodically poled LiNbO(3)

We report the generation of 450-mW average blue (473-nm) power by frequency doubling of a diode-pumped 946-nm Nd:YAG laser. We achieved pulsed operation at a high repetition rate (~160kHz) by driving the relaxation oscillations of the laser. A 40% conversion efficiency to the second harmonic was obtained in a single-pass, extracavity, first-order, quasi-phase-matched process in which periodically poled lithium niobate (period 4.5microm , thickness 0.5mm , and length 15mm) at 140 degrees C was used. The resulting high-power blue beam was circular in profile and nearly diffraction limited, indicating that photorefractive effects do not appear to limit device performance.