空间有源消声器研究

本文从理论和实验两个方面分析了次级声源的辐射特性,设计了一种三极子分立声源,引入了次级系统的加速度信号馈给方式,给出并讨论了在消声室与混响室两种极端声学条件下取得的三维低频噪声场的全空间消声效果。     

裂纹与夹杂物的互作用

本文求解了一个圆形夹杂物对裂纹尖端应力场的影响,计算了反平面切变问题经典的应力场和应力强度因数,进而求得了非局域应力场,得到非奇异的裂纹尖端应力的解析表达式,讨论了解的应用。 关键词：     

静子尾缘喷气后尾迹与动叶干涉噪声研究

尾缘喷气技术已经广泛地用于航空发动机和多级压缩机等领域,用以降低动静叶片间的相互干涉作用以提高透平机械的气动性能,并降低动静干涉噪声.本文对尾缘喷气用于低压轴流风机进行了详细的研究,对轴流风机的上游静叶实施尾缘喷气,通过实验测量,尾缘喷气使静叶尾迹达到无动量亏损尾迹状态能够降低风机噪声,文章还提出了基于CFD数值模拟的尾迹与动叶相互干涉的噪声预测模型,预测结果和实验结果比较接近.     

背景噪声中检测舰船辐射噪声的周期调制的性能估算

为了估算在高斯背景噪声中检测舰船噪声的周期调制的性能,本文导出了在平稳高斯白噪声中检测周期性局部平稳窄带高斯信号的周期调制的最小可检测信号（MDS）的一个简洁公式（19）。式（19）表明,检测性能基本取决于四个因素;信号的周期调制的深度（m_p）,前置处理器带通滤波器的带宽B,后置处理器中窄带滤波器带宽B₂和低通滤波器的积分时间T₂。若实际背景噪声偏离平稳,检测性能差于（19）式的估算值。为了减小误差,用实测的参数B_eqN代替式（19）中的B来修正式（19）。在非平稳背景噪声时检测性能不仅取决于上面所述的因素,而且与背景噪声非平稳性的强弱有关。     

单模费米热噪声信道量子容量的估计

从量子信道的算符求和表象出发,对单模费米系统量子信道进行了参数化.参数化的结果得到另一类费米热噪声量子信道.给出了两类费米热噪声量子信道上相干信息的最大值,以估计信道的量子容量. 关键词： 量子容量 相干信息 费米热噪声信道     

EFFECTS OF COLOURED NOISE IN A TWO-MODE LASER SYSTEM

A homogeneously broadened two-mode laser system with multiplicative coloured noise is investigated when the mode coupling constant ξ=2. An analytical result is obtained when two-dimensional decoupling theory is applied to the system. The intensity auto-correlation function and effective eigenvalue of the laser system are calculated when the difference of pump parameters, multiplicative noise strength and noise correlation time are varied. It is shown that the multiplicative noise can enhance the fluctuations while the noise colour can reduce the fluctuations in the laser system.     

ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE NOISE USING A TWO-DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM MODEL

Although a brake pad and disc have many modes of vibration, when it is unstable and hence noisy then frequently only a single mode of the complete system contributes to the vibration. In this condition, only a few modes are required to model the system. In this paper, a two-degree-of-freedom model is adopted where the disc and the pad are modelled as single modes connected by a sliding friction interface. Using this model, the interaction between the pad and the disc is investigated. Stability analysis is performed to show under what parametric conditions the system becomes unstable, assuming that the existence of a limit cycle represents the noisy state of the disc brake system. The results of this analysis show that the damping of the disc is as important as that of the pad. Non-linear analysis is also performed to demonstrate various limit cycles in the phase space. The results show that the addition of damping to either the disc or the pad alone may make the system more unstable, and hence noisy.     

在噪声的背景中提取语言信息

本文介绍了从噪声的背景中提取语言信号的频谱减方法、自相关方法和线性滤波方法及其对信噪比从+6dB到-6dB的汉语元音、词句和语句进行处理的结果。经过处理后信噪比均可提高6dB左右,但语言的可懂度没有明显改善。本文还对几种提取基频的方法,在噪声背景中提取语言基频的效果作了比较。     

噪声过程的计算机模拟

本文介绍一种在通用数字计算机上产生同时具有规定的振幅概率分布和功率谱的伪随机序列的方法,即FFT-CT方法。先用FFT方法得到有完全合乎要求的谱特性的伪随机序列作为参考序列,然后用相关传递法（CT法）使具有给定振幅分布的基础序列具有与参考序列相同的谱特性。本文分析了FFT-CT方法的性能与序列样点数的关系,还给出了几个模拟有一定振幅分布和谱特性的噪声过程的实例。     

Kr—O2相互作用势研究

利用量子力学方法的ＩＯＳＡ近似，通过对Ｋｒ－Ｏ２混合气体中Ｏ２的碰撞驰豫截面的理论计算值与实验值比较，考察了四组Ｋｒ－Ｏ２相互作用等效势模型参数，发现新近的势阱深度和势阱位置较好地反映了Ｋｒ－Ｏ２相互作用的客观情况，可用于进一步的计算中     

螺旋桨空化噪声谱

本文从物理上解释了船舶螺旋奖空化噪声的成因,并从统计的观点计算了螺旋桨空化噪声的功率谱.计算结果表明,这种噪声谱由一连续谱和位于叶片频率及其谐频的一系列低频线谱组成,同时证明其连续谱是时变的（被调制的）,而这种调制具有频域不均匀的特性.     

粉碎机的噪声降低

粉碎机噪声,属于撞击性机械噪声源。本文对常用的一种粉碎机进行了系统地噪声和振动分析,结果证明,粉碎机高达118 dBA的噪声,主要由于高速旋转的钢齿撞击声以空气声形式通过开口辐射产生的,机壳的振动和固体传声不起重要作用。采用开口式消声器处理后,噪声已由118dBA降低到80 dBA。这个例子可以表明,噪声控制一定要对具体噪声作具体分析,有针对性地采取措施,即使粉碎机一类的撞击性机械声源,也能有效地进行控制。     

喷流噪声预测中小尺度湍流声源模型

本文在Tam & Auriault提出的喷流噪声预测方法的基础上,导得计算轴对称喷管伴随格林函数的方程以及声源谱、伴随格林函数与噪声谱密度函数之间的关系,比较了几种典型的声源模型,并且采用了一种随频率变化的长度尺度.验证结果表明,TA预测模型中随频率变化长度尺度与Harper-Bourne提出的声源模型的结合能给出更好的预测结果.     

31P核磁共振谱应用数则

用³¹P对烷基膦酸二烷基酯,乙酰丙烯磷酸二烷基酯的组成进行了分析,为寻找反应条件和产品纯化方法提供了有益的数据。并对几种腺嘌呤核苷酸磷酸酯及磷酰胺不同的立体异构体进行了测定,平展式较直立式在高场约2ppm处共振。     

两个双能级原子与辐射场的喇曼相互作用

研究了两个双能级原子与单模辐射腔场的喇曼相互作用。分别计算了两个原子与光场之间具有不同耦合常数和两个原子虽与光场具有相同耦合常数但同时考虑了原子间偶极-偶极相互作用两种情形下的辐射谱。分析了两个原子与辐射场之间耦合常数的相对大小和两原子间偶极作用的计入对辐射谱的影响。 关键词：     

象面斑纹噪声相乘性的进一步探讨

本文导出了部分偏振斑纹象强度的n阶矩,考察了部分偏振象面斑纹噪声相乘性的统计学论据,并讨论了部分偏振斑纹象乘法模型的均方误差。最后讨论了N个等强度照明的独立直线偏振斑纹象非相干叠加时乘法模型的有效性。 关键词：     

GENERALIZATION OF AN INVERTIBLE TRANSFORMATION AND EXAMPLES OF ITS APPLICATIONS

Recently we highlighted the remarkable nature of an explicitly invertible transformation, we reported some generalizations of it and examples of its expediency in several mathematical contexts: algebraic and Diophantine equations, dynamical systems (with continuous and discrete time), nonlinear PDEs, analytical geometry, functional equations. In this paper we report a significant generalization of this approach and we again illustrate via some analogous examples its expediency to identify problems which appear far from trivial but are in fact explicitly solvable.     

二维等离子体粒子模拟程序介绍

对研制的激光等离子体相互作用二维粒子模拟程序作了剖析,着重介绍了该程序具有的特点     

ACTIVE CONTROL OF A MOVING NOISE SOURCE—EFFECT OF OFF-AXIS SOURCE POSITION

An optimally arranged multiple-channel active-control system is known to be able to create a large quiet zone in free space for a stationary primary noise source. When the primary noise source moves, the active control of the noise becomes much more difficult, as the primary noise field changes with time in space. In this case, the controller of the control system must respond fast enough to compensate for the change; much research has been focused on this issue. In this paper, it is shown that a moving source also causes difficulties from an acoustical perspective. A moving source not only changes continuously the strengths and phases of the sound field in the space, but also changes the wavefront of the primary sound field continuously. It is known that the efficiency of active noise control is determined mainly by the wavefront matching between the primary and control fields. To keep the control system effective in the case of a moving source, the wavefront of the control field needs to change, in order to continuously match the primary-wavefront change. This paper shows that there are limitations to the control-wavefront change. An optimally pre-arranged, multiple-channel control system is not able to construct a matching wavefront when the primary source moves outside a certain range. In other words, the control system is still able to create a large quiet zone only when the primary source moves within a range around the central axis of the control system. Both the location and the size of the quiet zone change with the location of the primary source.