共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 66 毫秒
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介绍了一种采用前置微型电机的新型推拉式超声内窥镜的研制方法.在该内镜系统中,采用FPGA实现成像处理功能,运用编码激励技术以提高系统的信噪比和探测深度,使用了微型前置探头取代了目前商用超声内镜中所采用的钢丝连接以驱动换能器进行旋转扫描.该仪器在300 h的连续工作测试中能够正常运行.相较模拟成像系统,数字系统将模数转换置于信号处理的最前端,从而能够保留回声的更多信息.这使得编码激励、数字式正交解调系统获得更高的成像质量.将电机前置于探头附近,能够较外部导线牵引旋转方式获得更大的旋转稳定性、更高的超声图像质量和更长的使用寿命. 相似文献
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频谱编码成像技术是一种利用光栅在横向位置编码的新型生物组织成像技术。该技术采用一个光栅和一个聚焦透镜在样品上产生光谱编码线,无需额外扫描便可得到一条线的图像,跟频域干涉技术相结合,再加上慢速的线扫描便可获得三维图像,在内窥成像上具有很大的实用价值。在分析频谱编码成像技术基本原理的基础上,推导了主要的性能参数。通过对分辨率测试靶进行成像,验证分析影响横向分辨率的因素。结果表明,编码线方向的分辨率与入射光斑直径成反比,与焦距成正比;垂直于编码线方向分辨率要弱于编码线方向的分辨率。最后对洋葱样品进行成像,验证了频谱编码成像技术的可行性。 相似文献
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光学成像技术具备高分辨、多尺度、多维度、易集成以及低辐射等优势,在生物医学领域发挥重要的作用。在内窥镜领域,如何进行内窥图像信息的获取、处理及可视化是光学成像技术要解决的核心问题,在医学临床中获取内窥镜所观察部位的跨尺度图像有利于医师对于患者病情的诊断以及提升术中操作的精确程度。本文从跨尺度光学成像技术在内窥镜领域的应用入手,重点阐述了目前内窥镜临床中用于获取跨尺度图像的光学系统类型,包括跨尺度变焦光学系统、光纤扫描成像系统、多通道成像系统等,说明了这些跨尺度光学内窥镜系统如何获取跨尺度图像,并对跨尺度光学成像在内窥镜领域的未来发展做了展望。 相似文献
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在合成孔径超声成像中,用小孔径基元换能器发射声波,并继而采集被目标或缺陷散射产生的回波信号.数据采集完成后,通过处理才能得到高分辨的重建声图.对种种不同的合成孔径成像技术而言,成像过程都可以分为两步:1.数据采集和存储;2.图像重建.在第一步中由基元换能器完成的电一声、声一电信号转换功能,及由后续电路完成的信号量化、采集功能,对各种不同的合成孔径成像技术而言,在原理上是没有多少不同的.各种不同的成像系统间的差别,主要在于所应用的图像重建原理及算法.在第一讲及第二讲中,我们分别介绍了基于等效线阵及匹… 相似文献
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现有B超成像可以提供基于声阻抗差异的组织解剖结构信息,而近年来研究发现,光声成像可以提供标记组织成分的分布和功能信息。本文基于商用B超仪和脉冲激光系统建立了光声超声双模态成像系统,实现了超声组织结构成像和光声生物功能的同时成像。首先基于血红蛋白在某些波段的较强吸光性,实现了肿瘤内部组织血管灌注图像;其次用链接有靶向抗体的纳米颗粒作为靶向光声造影剂,对恶性肿瘤边缘和内部的血管以及血管附近的肿瘤组织进行了成像。最终,通过超声和光声的融合图像提供的肿瘤结构信息与光声图像提供的肿瘤功能信息,可以准确识别肿瘤组织。 相似文献
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提出一种基于数字信号处理器(DSP)的嵌入式三维数字成像系统设计方案。该方案的硬件平台由条纹投影模块、数据采集模块、条纹自动分析模块及储存器等其他辅助电路组成。条纹投影模块将DSP输出的正弦光栅条纹, 经视频编码后用DLP投射到物体表面; 数据采集模块通过CCD相机采集被物体表面三维信息调制后的变形条纹图, 并进行视频解码; 条纹自动分析模块中利用相移算法计算折叠相位, 再结合相位展开算法求绝对相位分布。系统软件采用多线程技术并行控制三个模块。在相位解调过程中以软件流水线为主综合运用了循环展开、数据预取和内联函数等多种方法优化解调程序。实验结果表明, 该系统可以高速、准确地实现三维轮廓测量,优化后相位展开程序速度是优化前的7倍。 相似文献
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Parameter optimization of pulse compression in ultrasound imaging systems with coded excitation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A linear array imaging system with coded excitation is considered, where the proposed excitation/compression scheme maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and minimizes sidelobes at the output of the compression filter. A pulse with linear frequency modulation (LFM) is used for coded excitation. The excitation/compression scheme is based on the fast digital mismatched filtering. The parameter optimization of the excitation/compression scheme includes (i) choice of an optimal filtering function for the mismatched filtering; (ii) choice of an optimal window function for tapering of the chirp amplitude; (iii) optimization of a chirp-to-transducer bandwidth ratio; (iv) choice of an appropriate n-bit quantizer. The simulation results show that the excitation/compression scheme can be implemented as a Dolph–Chebyshev filter including amplitude tapering of the chirp with a Lanczos window. An example of such an optimized system is given where the chirp bandwidth is chosen to be 2.5 times the transducer bandwidth and equals 6 MHz: The sidelobes are suppressed to −80 dB, for a central frequency of 4 MHz, and to −94 dB, for a central frequency of 8 MHz. The corresponding improvement of the SNR is 18 and 21 dB, respectively, when compared to a conventional short pulse imaging system. Simulation of B-mode images demonstrates the advantage of coded excitation systems of detecting regions with low contrast. 相似文献
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Human tooth imaging sonography is investigated experimentally with an acousto-optic noncoupling set-up based on the chirp-coded nonlinear time reversal acoustic concept. The complexity of the tooth internal structure (enamel-dentine interface, cracks between internal tubules) is analyzed by adapting the nonlinear elastic wave spectroscopy (NEWS) with the objective of the tomography of damage. Optimization of excitations using intrinsic symmetries, such as time reversal (TR) invariance, reciprocity, correlation properties are then proposed and implemented experimentally. The proposed medical application of this TR-NEWS approach is implemented on a third molar human tooth and constitutes an alternative of noncoupling echodentography techniques. A 10 MHz bandwidth ultrasonic instrumentation has been developed including a laser vibrometer and a 20 MHz contact piezoelectric transducer. The calibrated chirp-coded TR-NEWS imaging of the tooth is obtained using symmetrized excitations, pre- and post-signal processing, and the highly sensitive 14 bit resolution TR-NEWS instrumentation previously calibrated. Nonlinear signature coming from the symmetry properties is observed experimentally in the tooth using this bi-modal TR-NEWS imaging after and before the focusing induced by the time-compression process. The TR-NEWS polar B-scan of the tooth is described and suggested as a potential application for modern echodentography. It constitues the basis of the self-consistent harmonic imaging sonography for monitoring cracks propagation in the dentine, responsible of human tooth structural health. 相似文献
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Hideto Saigusa Makoto Saigusa Iichirou Aino Chiharu Iwasaki Lishu Li Seiji Niimi 《Journal of voice》2006,20(1):38-45
To observe and estimate the movement of the tongue, ultrasonic investigation is the most harmless real-time monitoring procedure for analyzing articulatory movements. Color Doppler ultrasonic imaging is special in that it can only sample a moving target, and it can indicate the velocity and direction of the target by color and brightness in real time. This study assessed and demonstrated the validity of M-mode color Doppler ultrasonic imaging to observe the movements of the tongue during syllable repetition tasks performed by normal subjects and dysarthric patients, those affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebellar ataxia, Parkinsonism, and polymyopathy. When the transducer was set below the jaw, upward movement was indicated by a blue signal and downward movement was indicated by a red one on the screen of the ultrasound machine. We also measured the velocity of the tongue by contrast scale classified by 15 degrees. Thus, we could observe vertical tongue movement by a color-coded pattern after quantitative analysis. The Doppler signal patterns of normal subjects were verified by simultaneous video x-ray fluorography recordings. The findings for dysarthric patients corresponded well with previously reported features analyzed by other methods. Therefore, color Doppler ultrasonic imaging of the tongue is a useful procedure to researchers for clinical speech and voice studies. 相似文献
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为了简化数字全息超分辨记录系统,分别在其物光和参考光部分引入一块相位模板,以获得垂直和倾斜方向照明物体的光束和具有不同载波频率的参考光束.当这些具有不同照射方向的光透过物体后,可以使CCD在位置固定的情况下记录到携带低频和高频信息的物体衍射场,不同载波频率的参考光则保证了高频和低频信息在复合全息图的频谱面上能够相互分离.实验结果证明,通过将记录到的物体高频和低频信息合成,可以获得超出系统衍射极限分辨率的再现像. 相似文献
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提出用优化成像系统设计参量的方法有效消除基于数字微镜阵列的栅格结构及其衍射对微结构成像质量的影响.模拟结果表明,当照明光源的波长为0.365 μm,系统的数值孔径为0.3左右,缩小倍率为10~20×时,栅格像的可见度在0.1以下,DMD的栅格结构对成像质量的影响大幅降低;对微透镜的成像分析发现,合理的成像系统结构参量能有效地减少栅格的影响.如果结合DMD显示图形的可编程特点,优化图形的结构或灰度,则能在像面获得较理想的曝光量分布,达到快速加工二维和三维微结构的目的.实验结果证实了优化系统参量可有效消除DMD栅格的影响. 相似文献
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一种用于光学成像系统的新型液晶相位调制器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研制出新型平行排列的二维阵列液晶相位调制器(LCPM),利用此相位调制器在Zygo干涉仪上进行了泽尼克(Zernike)多项式的产生和畸变波前调制的实验。能够很好地产生泽尼克多项式的前2~8项面形,用16项泽尼克模式对畸变波前进行了调制,峰谷(PV)值可由调制前的0.831λ减小到调制后的0.444λ,均方根(RMS)由调制前的0.181λ减小到调制后0.066λ,斯特列尔比(Strehl ratio,SR)由调制前的0.257达到调制后的0.844。实验结果表明,在光学成像系统中,利用平行排列的液晶相位调制器,进行波前像差的调制可以使成像质量得到很好的改善。 相似文献
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一种三维数字成像系统的多视点姿态估计方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为校准多视场深度数据,提出基于条纹投影的三维数字成像系统的多视点姿态估计方法。该方法至少在两个视点分别向被测物体投射出一组正交条纹图,利用条纹投影和相位重建技术,将相位图映射为物体的三维空间坐标。进而,利用投影仪的投射过程是摄像机成像过程的逆过程,建立投影仪的投射平面和摄像机的成像平面的对应关系,将“极线几何约束”应用到基于条纹投影的主动三维视觉的姿态估计问题,并在考虑测量数据受噪声影响的条件下,建立了求解视点姿态参量的数学模型。通过优化求解非线性方程可以获得多视点的姿态估计参量。所设计的实验及结果证明了所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献