Lp-Approximable Sequences of Vectors and Limit Distribution of Quadratic Forms of Random Variables

The properties of L₂-approximable sequences established here form a complete toolkit for statistical results concerning weighted sums of random variables, where the weights are nonstochastic sequences approximated in some sense by square-integrable functions and the random variables are “two-wing” averages of martingale differences. The results constitute the first significant advancement in the theory of L₂-approximable sequences since 1976 when Moussatat introduced a narrower notion of L₂-generated sequences. The method relies on a study of certain linear operators in the spaces L_p and l_p. A criterion of L_p-approximability is given. The results are new even when the weight generating function is identically 1. A central limit theorem for quadratic forms of random variables illustrates the method.     

Shift-invariant spaces of tempered distributions and Lp-functions

This paper studies the structure of shift-invariant spaces. A characterization for the univariate shift-invariant spaces of tempered distributions is given. In L_p case, an inclusive relation in terms of Fourier transform is established.     

On the Equivalence and Generalized of Weyl Theorem Weyl Theorem

We know that an operator T acting on a Banach space satisfying generalized Weyl＇s theorem also satisfies Weyl＇s theorem. Conversely we show that if all isolated eigenvalues of T are poles of its resolvent and if T satisfies Weyl＇s theorem, then it also satisfies generalized Weyl＇s theorem. We give also a sinlilar result for the equivalence of a-Weyl＇s theorem and generalized a-Weyl＇s theorem. Using these results, we study the case of polaroid operators, and in particular paranormal operators.     

On a Theorem of T. Gneiting on α-Symmetric Multivariate Characteristic Functions

T. Gneiting (1998, J. Multivariate Analysis64, 131–147) proved a relation between the primitives of the classes Φ_d(2) and Φ_d(1) of 2- and 1-symmetric characteristic functions on ^d, respectively. We will give a straightforward proof of his relation, answering a question of his. To do this we use the calculus of generalized hypergeometric functions.     

Distributions of class Lα

L_α (0 α 1) is a class of infinitely divisible distributions defined by restricting the measure in the Levy-Khinchin formula to a special form. When α = 1, L_α is just the classical class L. Several properties for L_α classes, which are similar to the most important properties for the class L, are established. Also, a conjecture of Wolfe about unimodality of some L_α distributions is disproved by giving a counterexample.     

On statistical approximation of a general class of positive linear operators extended in q-calculus

In this paper we present a general class of positive linear operators of discrete type based on q-calculus and we investigate their weighted statistical approximation properties by using a Bohman–Korovkin type theorem. We also mark out two particular cases of this general class of operators.     

On set systems with restricted k‐wise L‐intersection modulo a prime,and beyond

In this paper, we derive the following bound on the size of a k‐wise L‐intersecting family (resp. cross L‐intersecting families) modulo a prime number:

• (i) Let p be a prime, , and . Let and be two disjoint subsets of such that , or . Suppose that is a family of subsets of [n] such that for every and for every collection of k distinct subsets in . Then, This result may be considered as a modular version of Theorem 1.10 in [J. Q. Liu, S. G. Zhang, S. C. Li, H. H. Zhang, Eur. J. Combin. 58 (2016), 166‐180].
• (ii) Let p be a prime, , and . Let and be two subsets of such that , or , or . Suppose that and are two families of subsets of [n] such that (1) for every pair ; (2) for every ; (3) for every . Then,

This result extends the well‐known Alon–Babai–Suzuki theorem to two cross L‐intersecting families.     

Asymptotic Results and a Markovian Approximation for the M(n)/M(n)/s+GI System

In this paper for the M(n)/M(n)/s+GI system, i.e. for a s-server queueing system where the calls in the queue may leave the system due to impatience, we present new asymptotic results for the intensities of calls leaving the system due to impatience and a Markovian system approximation where these results are applied. Furthermore, we present a new proof for the formulae of the conditional density of the virtual waiting time distributions, recently given by Movaghar for the less general M(n)/M/s+GI system. Also we obtain new explicit expressions for refined virtual waiting time characteristics as a byproduct.     

Sub-Laplacians of Holomorphic L-type on Rank One AN-Groups and Related Solvable Groups

Consider a right-invariant sub-Laplacian L on an exponential solvable Lie group G, endowed with a left-invariant Haar measure. Depending on the structure of G and possibly also that of L, L may admit differentiable L^p-functional calculi, or may be of holomorphic L^p-type for a given p≠2, as recent studies of specific classes of groups G and sub-Laplacians L have revealed. By “holomorphic L^p-type” we mean that every L^p-spectral multiplier for L is necessarily holomorphic in a complex neighborhood of some point in the L²-spectrum of L. This can only arise if the group algebra L¹(G) is non-symmetric. In this article we prove that, for large classes of exponential groups, including all rank one AN-groups, a certain Lie algebraic condition, which characterizes the non-symmetry of L¹(G) [37], also suffices for L to be of holomorphic L¹-type. Moreover, if this condition, which was first introduced by J. Boidol [6] in a different context, holds for generic points in the dual * of the Lie algebra of G, then L is of holomorphic L^p-type for every p≠2. Besides the non-symmetry of L¹(G), also the closedness of coadjoint orbits plays a crucial role. We also discuss an example of a higher rank AN-group. This example and our results in the rank one case suggest that sub-Laplacians on exponential Lie groups may be of holomorphic L¹-type if and only if there exists a closed coadjoint orbit Ω * such that the points of Ω satisfy Boidol's condition. In the course of the proof of our main results, whose principal strategy is similar as in [8], we develop various tools which may be of independent interest and largely apply to more general Lie groups. Some of them are certainly known as “folklore” results. For instance, we study subelliptic estimates on representation spaces, the relation between spectral multipliers and unitary representations, and develop some “holomorphic” and “continuous” perturbation theory for images of sub-Laplacians under “smoothly varying” families of irreducible unitary representations.     

On the Convergence of Bounded J-Fractions on the Resolvent Set of the Corresponding Second Order Difference Operator

We study connections between continued fractions of type J and spectral properties of second order difference operators with complex coefficients. It is known that the convergents of a bounded J-fraction are diagonal Padé approximants of the Weyl function of the corresponding difference operator and that a bounded J-fraction converges uniformly to the Weyl function in some neighborhood of infinity. In this paper we establish convergence in capacity in the unbounded connected component of the resolvent set of the difference operator and specify the rate of convergence. Furthermore, we show that the absence of poles of Padé approximants in some subdomain implies already local uniform convergence. This enables us to verify the Baker–Gammel–Wills conjecture for a subclass of Weyl functions. For establishing these convergence results, we study the ratio and the nth root asymptotic behavior of Padé denominators of bounded J-fractions and give relations with the Green function of the unbounded connected component of the resolvent set. In addition, we show that the number of “spurious” Padé poles in this set may be bounded.     

Inverse Operators, q-Fractional Integrals, and q-Bernoulli Polynomials

We introduce operators of q-fractional integration through inverses of the Askey–Wilson operator and use them to introduce a q-fractional calculus. We establish the semigroup property for fractional integrals and fractional derivatives. We study properties of the kernel of q-fractional integral and show how they give rise to a q-analogue of Bernoulli polynomials, which are now polynomials of two variables, x and y. As q→1 the polynomials become polynomials in x−y, a convolution kernel in one variable. We also evaluate explicitly a related kernel of a right inverse of the Askey–Wilson operator on an L² space weighted by the weight function of the Askey–Wilson polynomials.     

On extensions of some Flugede–Putnam type theorems involving (p,k)‐quasihyponormal,spectral, and dominant operators

A Hilbert space operator S is called (p, k)‐quasihyponormal if S *^k ((S *S)^p – (SS *)^p )S^k ≥ 0 for an integer k ≥ 1 and 0 < p ≤ 1. In the present note, we consider (p, k)‐quasihyponormal operator S ∈ B (H) such that SX = XT for some X ∈ B (K,H) and prove the Fuglede–Putnam type theorems when the adjoint of T ∈ B (K) is either (p, k)‐quasihyponormal or dominant or a spectral operator (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Generalizations of a Theorem of Arrow, Barankin, and Blackwell in Topological Vector Spaces

It is proved that the density theorem of Arrow, Barankin, and Blackwell holds in a topological vector space equipped with a weakly closed convex cone to admit strictly positive continuous linear functionals. Moreover, several local versions of the Arrow, Barankin, and Blackwell theorem are given.     

A Descent Theorem in Topological K-Theory

We prove the Lichtenbaum–Quillen conjecture in the topological context: in other words, real K-theory can be deduced from complex K-theory via the usual descent spectral sequence. More precise results are proved, however, and new applications are stated. The main ingredients in the proof are Atiyah's KR-theory and the definition of higher K-groups via Clifford algebras.     

On Lower Bounds for Lp Norms in the Central Limit Theorem for Independent and m-Dependent Random Variables

We derive lower bounds for L_p norms , in the central limit theorem for independent and m–dependent random variables with finite fifth order absolute moments and for independent and m–dependent identically distributed random variables with fourth order moments.     

The polynomial degree of the Grassmannian G(1,n,q) of lines in finite projective space PG(n, q)

Let G: = G(1,n,q) denote the Grassmannian of lines in PG(n,q), embedded as a point-set in PG(N, q) with For n = 2 or 3 the characteristic function of the complement of G is contained in the linear code generated by characteristic functions of complements of n-flats in PG(N, q). In this paper we prove this to be true for all cases (n, q) with q = 2 and we conjecture this to be true for all remaining cases (n, q). We show that the exact polynomial degree of is for δ: = δ(n, q) = 0 or 1, and that the possibility δ = 1 is ruled out if the above conjecture is true. The result deg( for the binary cases (n,2) can be used to construct quantum codes by intersecting G with subspaces of dimension at least      

On Some Problems of P. Turán Concerning Lm Extremal Polynomials and Quadrature Formulas

The L_m extremal polynomials in an explicit form with respect to the weights (1−x)^−1/2 (1+x)^(m−1)/2 and (1−x)^(m−1)/2 (1+x)^−1/2 for even m are given. Also, an explicit representation for the Cotes numbers of the corresponding Turán quadrature formulas and their asymptotic behavior is provided.     

On a Multivalued Version of the Sharkovskii Theorem and its Application to Differential Inclusions

Motivated by the applications to differential equations without uniqueness conditions, we separately prove multivalued versions of the celebrated Sharkovskii and Li–Yorke theorems. These are then applied, via multivalued Poincaré operators, to Carathéodory differential inclusions. Thus, besides another, infinitely many subharmonics of all integer orders can be obtained. Unlike in the single-valued case, for example, period three brings serious obstructions. Three counter-examples, related to these complications, are therefore presented as well. In a multivalued setting, new phenomena are so exhibited.     

On a Conformal Gap and Finiteness Theorem for a Class of Four-Manifolds

In this paper we develop a bubble tree structure for a degenerating class of Riemannian metrics satisfying some global conformal bounds on compact manifolds of dimension 4. Applying the bubble tree structure, we establish a gap theorem, a finiteness theorem for diffeomorphism type for this class, and make a comparison of the solutions of the σ_k equations on a degenerating family of Bach-flat metrics. The first author is supported by NSF Grant DMS–0245266. The second author is supported in part by NSF Grant DMS–0402294. The third author is supported by NSF Grant DMS–0245266. Received: August 2005 Accepted: June 2006