金银合金纳米笼二聚体光学性质的研究

本文采用有限元方法研究了金银合金纳米笼二聚体的光学性质。结果发现,二聚体的吸收和散射效率对入射光的偏振方向有很强的依赖性,当光偏振方向沿着二聚体的长轴方向时,偶极子模式分成两个模式:键合模式和反键合模式,前一种模式的频带比纳米笼单体的共振频带低,而后一种模式的频带比纳米笼单体的共振频带高。此外,二聚体的等离子体性质还取决于两个纳米笼之间的距离,距离越小,等离子体模式红移越大。     

劈裂环-盘二聚体结构的多重Fano共振

利用时域有限差分方法,理论研究了由劈裂环和圆盘构成的金二聚体结构的光学性质,分析了劈裂环的缺口取向和对称性破缺程度对其Fano共振特性的影响.结果表明,当缺口方向平行于二聚体中心连线时,劈裂环的奇数阶和偶数阶模式均能与圆盘的偶极模式作用产生Fano共振,且随着劈裂环的进一步破缺,更多的偶数阶Fano共振能被激发出来;但...     

数值模拟探针诱导表面等离子体共振耦合纳米光刻

采用有损耗介质和色散介质的二维时域有限差分方法,数值模拟了以光波长514.5nm的p偏振基模高斯光束为入射光源,激发Kretschmann型表面等离子体共振,并通过探针的局域场增强效应实现纳米光刻的新方法——探针诱导表面等离子体共振耦合纳米光刻.分别就探针与记录层的间距以及探针针尖大小,模拟分析了不同情况下探针的局域场增强效应和记录层表面的相对电场强度振幅分布.结果表明,探针工作在接触模式时,探针的局域场增强效应最明显,记录层表面的相对电场强度振幅的对比度最大;当探针针尖距记录层5nm时,针尖下方记录层表面的相对电场强度振幅大于光刻临界值的分布宽度与针尖尺寸相近. 关键词： 纳米光刻 表面等离子体共振 时域有限差分方法     

利用纳米金局域表面等离子体共振散射方法检测痕量汞(Ⅱ)

在Britton-Robinson(BR)(pH为9.0)缓冲介质中,微量Hg(Ⅱ)离子能诱使被巯基乙酸钠包被的AuNPs发生聚集,以此诱发局域表面等离子体共振(localized surface plasmon resonance, LSPR)散射峰的出现,随着Hg(Ⅱ)浓度的不断增加,体系在548 nm的LSPR散射信号显著增强,其散射强度与Hg(Ⅱ)的浓度具有相关性,且在0.08～0.8 μmol·L-1范围内呈现一定的线性关系,由此构建了以Hg(Ⅱ)为目标分析物的LSPR散射分析检测方法,检测限为8 nmol·L-1。研究了体系的LSPR散射光谱以及吸收光谱,利用扫描电镜考察了AuNPs与Hg(Ⅱ)反应前后粒径的变化情况,发现单独的AuNPs呈现良好的分散状态,当加入Hg(Ⅱ)后,AuNPs呈现聚集状态。同时探讨了体系反应机理,结果表明Hg(Ⅱ)的加入与AuNPs表面的羧基发生螯合作用诱导了AuNPs的聚集。考察了体系对金属离子Hg(Ⅱ)的选择性,实验中选择了一系列的金属离子与AuNPs作用,其结果表明Hg(Ⅱ)与AuNPs作用的LSPR散射信号增强效果最为明显,而其余离子即使在浓度较高时其LSPR散射强度依然较弱,说明了实验设计方案对Hg(Ⅱ)具有优异的选择性。此外,研究了体系酸度,离子强度以及稳定剂对体系的影响。实验所建立起来的方法操作简单,分析速度快速,检测灵敏度较高。该方法已经成功用于环境水样中痕量Hg(Ⅱ)的检测。     

多孔硅材料光学Anderson局域的研究

本文基于Anderson局域效应和有限时域差分(FDTD)计算方法,对具有一定无序性的多孔硅材料内光的横向局域进行了理论分析,考察了不同无序度、孔洞排列的不同方式对硅材料光学性质的影响。计算结果表明,多孔硅内光的行为和多孔硅的结构参数有很大关系。当结构参数合适时,光束可以呈现比较明显的横向局域效果。适当改变材料中孔道的排列方式,可以有效的调节光在材料中的传播方式与局域效果。设计了具有"边墙"效果的孔洞排列方式,不仅能够固定光斑的位置,而且还可实现光束的局域增强效果。     

等离激元二聚体局域表面光学性质创新实验的教学实践

以科研为基础引导开展创新性实验教学,本文以等离激元二聚体的局域表面光学性质的研究为例,将科学研究的热点融入到大学生创新性实验项目中,研究不同尺寸的纳米结构对应的局域表面等离子体共振和表面增强拉曼散射的光谱性质。通过将创新研究与实验教学结合,激发学生的科研兴趣,加强学生学科交叉的意识,提升学生的创新思维和科研素养。     

光学元件表面微结构的局域场分布特性研究

在强激光系统中光学元件表面的微结构会引起局域场强增强,进而会影响元件抗激光损伤能力。采用时域有限差分方法对波长量级的表面微结构进行了电磁场分布的数值模拟,一方面为损伤模型的建立奠定了基础,另一方面也为光学元件的设计制作提供了理论指导。     

金纳米棒二聚体结构的Fano共振

等离激元金属纳米结构中的Fano共振,由于其在超灵敏传感、超材料、光开关和非线性光学器件等方面的潜在应用而引起了广泛的关注。但在单颗粒尺度下单个金属纳米二聚体结构的Fano共振的实验研究仍然很少。本研究基于单颗粒光谱技术从实验上探讨了二聚体结构产生的Fano共振现象。利用种子生长法制备了等离激元共振峰分别在1 060 nm和700 nm的一长一短金纳米棒,通过L-半胱氨酸分子的静电吸附自组装构建首尾相连的金纳米棒二聚体结构,在暗场显微系统中表征了金纳米棒二聚体耦合前后的散射光谱。结果表明,短金纳米棒的明偶极模式与长金纳米棒的暗四极模式间的相消干涉在660 nm处产生了明显的Fano共振谷,同时基于有限差分时域（FDTD）方法的理论模拟散射光谱与实验结果能够较好地符合。这种自组装金纳米棒二聚体在等离激元传感和探测等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

利用时域有限差分法模拟金纳米球及球壳的光学特性

利用时域有限差分方法研究了金纳米球、金纳米球壳及多层球壳的消光特性及电场分布.结果表明:金纳米颗粒的几何参量对消光峰的位置有显著影响.随着SiO2核心半径的增大,金纳米壳的消光峰显著红移.随着金核心半径的增大,gold-silica-gold多层球壳消光谱的低能峰显著红移,而高能峰微弱蓝移.     

基于表面等离子体共振效应的椭圆柱银纳米线的光力研究

运用有限时域差分方法,研究了两椭圆柱银纳米线之间的光力及其物理机制,并且分析了椭圆柱银纳米线的尺寸以及相对位置对光力的影响.结果表明:椭圆柱银纳米线的尺寸以及相对位置等结构参量的变化导致两椭圆柱银纳米线之间光力的明显变化.由于局域耦合共振,Ag纳米颗粒间的内壁上存在电子的振荡行为,将微腔中光子的能量转化成电子集体振荡的动能,这使得微腔中的电磁场能量减小到负能态,从而产生收缩的负光力.因此,Ag纳米颗粒间相互吸引.     

Study of electrical field distribution of gold-capped nanoparticle for excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance

The specific optical characteristics which can be observed from noble metal nanostructured materials such as nanoparticles and nanoislands have wide variety of applications such as biosensors, solar cells, and optical circuit. Because, these noble metal nanostructures induce the increment of light absorption efficiency by the enhancing effect of electrical field from localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excitation. However, the enhancing effects of electrical field from LSPR using simple structured noble metal nanostructures for several applications are not satisfactory. To realize the more effective light absorption efficiency by the enhancing effect of electrical field, quite different noble metal nanostructures have been desired for applying to several applications using LSPR. In this study, to obtain the more effective enhancing effect of electrical field, conditions for LSPR excitation using a gold-capped nanoparticle layer substrate are computationally analyzed using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. From the previous research, LSPR excitation using such gold-capped nanoparticle layer substrates has a great potential for application to high-sensitive label-free monitoring of biomolecular interactions. For understanding of detailed LSPR excitation mechanism, LSPR excitation conditions were investigated by analyzing the electrical field distribution using simulation software and comparing the results obtained with experimental results. As a result of computational analysis, LSPR excitation was found to depend on the particle alignment, interparticle distance, and excitation wavelength. Furthermore, the LSPR optical characteristics obtained from the simulation analysis were consistent with experimentally approximated LSPR optical characteristics. Using this gold-capped nanoparticle layer substrate, LSPR can be excited easily more than conventional noble metal nanoparticle-based LSPR excitation without noble metal nanoparticle synthesis. Hence, this structure is detectable a small change of refractive index such as biomolecular interactions for biosensing applications.     

Resonant light absorption and plasmon tunability of lateral triangular Au nanoprisms array

Optical characteristics and electric field distribution of triangular Au nanoprism in a unit and units array under polarized light irradiation were systematically studied by numerical simulation with finite difference time domain method. It is found that the plasmonic properties of the triangular nanoprism are dominated by the electric polarization rather than the wave propagation. The triangular nanoprism presents similar optical response with a strong dipole band under different wave propagations if the electric polarization vectors are parallel to the triangular cross section. The lateral triangular Au nanoprisms array possesses a large tunability of the plasmonic properties contributed from the combined influence of inter-particle distance, particles size, polarization angle and even environmental medium. From the plasmon band shift versus the refractive index, ultra-high local surface plasmon resonance sensitivity (509.96 nm/RIU, figure of $\text{merit}=5.55$) is reached at $\sim 850\text{nm}$, making this array promising for biochemical sensing applications.     

Tuning the optical properties of Fe-Au core-shell nanoparticles with spherical and spheroidal nanostructures

Present research interest is to highlight on the manufacturing of core-shell nanoparticles because of core activity with unique properties and surface modification by a shell in the diverse fields (e.g. optoelectronic, catalysis and magneto-optics). In addition, the combined optical properties of magnetic-plasmonic core-shell NPs make them ideal candidates for many applications in biomedical fields. The influence of Fe-core and Au-shell for the formation of the core-shell viz. spherical and spheroidal nanostructures is studied using the discrete dipole approximation method. DDA is an approximation method and its accuracy is compared to Mie theory results for spherical core-shell NPs as Mie theory gives the exact solution to spherical targeted NPs. DDA calculations are further extended to spheroidal core-shell nanostructures. It is observed that the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak position in considered core-shell nanostructures is enhanced by changing the cores and shell thickness in the core-shell spherical nanostructures and aspect ratio as well as shell thickness in spheroidal core-shell nanostructures. The absorption spectra are found between 363–788 nm wavelength ranges and can be tuned into UV-visible-near-infrared region of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum in accordance with desired applications. It has been found that the Fe@hollow@Au and prolate core-shell nanostructures show enhancement to LSPR peaks, bandwidth and their corresponding intensities in comparison to other considered spherical and spheroidal core-shell nanostructures. Tunability in core size, shell thickness, aspect ratio, and configuration will open new potential uses of suitable magnetic-plasmonic core-shell nanostructures in cancer therapy, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and many more of biomedical fields.     

Fano resonances in complex plasmonic super-nanoclusters: The effect of environmental modifications on the LSPR sensitivity

In this study, gold nanodisk clusters in heptamer orientations as clusters were used to design a super-heptamer consisting of one central and six peripheral heptamers. We examined the position and movement of the plasmon and Fano resonances by sketching the spectral response of the superstructure for various nanodisk dimensions. The quality of the interference between the superradiant and subradiant plasmon resonance modes of the nanodisk clusters was found to depend strongly on the structural configuration and the refractive index of the environmental medium. We replaced the central heptamer with a nanodisk and probed the position of the Fano resonance by geometrically altering the nanodisk structure. Finally, the effect of the dielectric environment on the plasmon response of both of the studied structures was examined numerically and theoretically. The localized surface plasmon resonance sensitivity of the finite plasmonic structures to the presence of liquid substances was investigated and shown by plotting the linear figure of merit. The finite-difference time-domain method was used as a numerical tool to investigate the plasmon response of the structure.     

内嵌银纳米棒圆形银缝隙结构中的法诺共振现象

应用时域有限差分算法系统地研究了内嵌银纳米棒圆形银缝隙结构的透射特性. 由于倾斜银纳米棒破坏了圆形腔原有的对称稳态磁场分布, 该系统中产生了法诺共振现象. 此外, 透射光谱强烈地依赖于纳米棒的倾斜角度和纳米棒的形貌参数. 这些结果有助于设计复合结构滤波器, 满足特定的滤波需要. 关键词： 表面等离极化激元 法诺共振 时域有限差分算法     

Transmission characteristics of various bent periodic dielectric waveguides

The transmission characteristics of various bent periodical dielectric waveguides (PDWGs) are analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in this work. The bending structures include a conventional 90° abrupt bend, a 90° transitional bend, and 90° circular arcs with different quantized radii of curvatures. The simulation results can make us to design a suitable bent PDWG in the photonic circuits.     

Beaming of light through depth-tuned plasmonic nanostructures

A nanostructure comprising dielectric/Ag interface with central slit surrounded by grooves is presented for beam focusing and collimating. Desired phase retardations of the beam emerging through slits are manipulated by tuning the depth of grooves. Numerical simulations are performed through a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm. Results reveal the suitability of parabolic depth-tuned structure for enhanced transmission and beam collimation. Enhanced transmission and beam collimation are the result of transportation of electromagnetic energy in the form of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves.     

Dark and bright mode hybridization: From electric to magnetic Fano resonances

The excitation of plasmonic Fano resonances leads to a dual advantage in nano-photonics, in terms of local field enhancement and far-field spectral selectivity. Nevertheless, a remarkable challenge related to the hybridization between bright and dark plasmonic modes, i.e. between the two elements cooperating to the Fano resonance generation, consists in the sub-wavelength activation of dark modes via near-field channel. In this regard, strongly coupled plasmonic nano-assemblies are ideal systems providing a highly efficient way towards their excitation. Here, we analyze two trimer nano-architectures supporting respectively electric and magnetic Fano resonances. The different approaches employed for describing the two systems highlighted the role that the near-field coupling and the LSPs de-phasing separately play in the Fano hybridization phenomena.     

基于芯片实验室技术的表面增强光谱学在分析科学中的应用

集成具有一序列微流控操作单元的芯片实验室技术,在微流控通道内铺陈金属纳米粒子(尤其是金、银以及铜纳米粒子)作为衬底,泵入多通道微纳升分析物,用于联用表面增强光谱在痕量、实时、原位、过程反应等检测中具有重要的意义。这种联用检测技术集成了芯片实验室和表面光谱两种技术的优点：芯片实验室技术集成流程式分步操作,实现筛选取样,分段、实时反应检测,减小样品量,稳定测试环境等优势以及表面增强光谱的光谱响应快,灵敏性和选择性强、原位检测等优点。借助于Drude模型以及适当的边界条件,外电场引发金属颗粒价电子的局域等离子振荡,并推导了产生共振的局域表面等离子增强以及受激感应偶极子振荡产生表面拉曼增强的物理电磁增强机制。综述了芯片实验室表面局域等离子检测在生物、医药、食品安全等方面的应用,检测通道的增加促使检测效率有较大的提高,同时检测限能力获得较大的突破。综述了芯片实验室技术结合表面增强拉曼光谱公共安全、生物医学、电化学和生物传感器等领域的应用, 表面增强拉曼光谱的高度灵敏性以及指纹性应用于痕量检测。根据芯片实验室技术在研究开发和应用已经获得不断的进展,结合3D打印技术,精准控制多通道结构尺寸,更好地满足设计的需求。表面等离子增强光谱以及表面增强拉曼光谱等表面光谱检测技术在应用上日趋成熟,获得突破传统显微镜的光学极限的分辨能力。这种联用技术在实际定性或者半定量痕量分析检测应用中具有光明的前景。