同步扫描荧光光谱法同时测定阿司匹林和水杨酸

建立了同步扫描荧光光谱法单次扫描同时测定阿司匹林和水杨酸双组分的方法。荧光光度计同步扫描时,得到两组分互不干扰的荧光峰,借此分别测定两组分的含量。阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度分别在4.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol·L-1, 8.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol·L-1范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.994 9和0.997 5,水杨酸的检测限为4.0×10-7 mol·L-1。该法简单、快速准确、易操作,可用于药物制剂中阿司匹林和水杨酸的同时测定。     

Second-Derivative Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Simultaneous Determination of Fluphenazine Hydrochloride and Nortriptyline Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations

A rapid, simple, and highly sensitive second-derivative synchronous fluorimetric (SDSF) method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of binary mixtures of fluphenazine hydrochloride (FLZ) and nortriptyline hydrochloride (NTP) in their co-formulated tablets. The method is based upon measurement of the native fluorescence of these drugs at constant wavelength difference (Δλ)?=?120 nm in acetic acid. The different experimental parameters affecting the fluorescence intensity of the studied drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.25–3.0 and 1–10 μg/ml for FLZ and NTP respectively, with lower detection limits (LOD) of 0.05 and 0.18 μg/ml and quantitation limits of 0.15 and 0.53 μg/ml for FLZ and NTP respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied compounds in their synthetic mixtures and in commercial co-formulated tablets. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained by the reference methods.     

低温恒能量同步荧光法同时快速检测食品中多种多环芳烃

恒能量同步荧光法应用于多环芳烃的检测可以提高选择性,低温可使谱带呈指纹特征,提供常温光谱无法获得的光谱细节信息,有助于实现对复杂基体中多环芳烃的检测。文章结合恒能量同步荧光扫描技术与斯波斯基低温技术,建立了食品中多种多环芳烃的低温恒能量同步荧光同时快速分析方法。对低油脂样品直接用正辛烷浸泡,高油脂样品也只需要增加皂化萃取,即可进行光谱扫描来检测食品样中的多种多环芳烃。对两种类型的实际样进行加标回收实验,回收率为80.2%～98.9%,定量工作曲线线性较好(r≥0.993 8)。该方法选择性好、操作简便快捷、费用低廉。     

卟啉全内反射同步荧光法测定蛋白质

应用全内反射与同步荧光相结合的技术,建立了利用蛋白质吸附在液-固界面上的同步荧光信号来测定本体蛋白质溶液浓度的新方法。其原理为meso-四(4-磺酸基苯基)卟啉(TPPS)标记牛血清蛋白(BSA)在石英界面的吸附后信号强度随本体溶液浓度的增加呈线性关系。方法的检出限是94 ng·mL-1。用于实际人血清蛋白样品的测定,结果令人满意。     

吖啶橙荧光探针法测定人体尿液中的DNA

因吖啶橙(Acridine Orange,简称AO)在十二烷基苯磺酸钠(Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid Sodiumsalt以下简称SDBS)介质中存在形态之间的平衡,而DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)的加入所起作用也象表面活性剂一样起到有序化介质的作用,即DNA的加入可使AO的平衡发生移动,导致体系荧光增强,其荧光强度与DNA的浓度在一定的范围内呈线性关系,从而建立了测定DNA的新的灵敏方法。本法的荧光激发波长为506 nm,发射波长为529 nm,激发和发射狭缝均为5 nm。对于鱼精子DNA(Fish sperm DNA以下简称fsD-NA),线性范围为0-10 μg·mL-1,方法的最低检出限为0.088μg·mL-1,本法成功应用于人体尿液中DNA的临床测定。     

First Derivative Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy for the Simultaneous Determination of Sulpiride and Mebeverine Hydrochloride in Their Combined Tablets and Application to Real Human Plasma

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive first derivative synchronous fluorometric method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of binary mixture of sulpiride (SUL) and mebeverine hydrochloride (MEB). The method is based upon measurement of the synchronous fluorescence intensity of these drugs at ∆λ = 100 nm in water. The different experimental parameters affecting the fluorescence of the two drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.05–1 μg/mL and 0.2–3.2 μg/mL for SUL and MEB respectively with lower detection limits (LOD) of 0.006 and 0.01 μg/mL and quantification limits (LOQ) of 0.0.02 and 0.05 μg/mL for SUL and MEB, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of the two compounds in synthetic mixtures and in commercial tablets. The high sensitivity attained by the proposed method allowed the determination of both of SUL and MEB metabolite (veratic acid) in real human plasma samples applying second derivative synchronous fluorometric technique. The mean% recoveries (n = 3) for both MEB metabolite (veratic acid) and SUL were 99.82 ± 2.53 and 98.84 ± 6.20 for spiked human plasma respectively, while for real human plasma, the mean% recoveries (n = 3) were 91.49 ± 4.25 and 91.36 ± 8.46 respectively.     

同步荧光光谱法测定尿液中依诺沙星含量

文章研究了金属离子对依诺沙星荧光光谱的影响。实验结果表明在pH 6.3的NaH₂PO₄-Na₂B₄O₇缓冲溶液介质中铝离子对依诺沙星荧光具有增敏作用,在此基础上用同步荧光技术建立了测定人体尿液中依诺沙星含量的同步荧光光谱法,方法简便快捷,线性范围为0.04～1.0 mg·L-1。相关系数为0.999 2。检出限为0.018 μg·mL-1。在实际样品的测定当中, 回收率在95%～105%之间。     

恒能量同步荧光法快速同时测定蒽和9, 10-二甲基蒽

建立了蒽和9,10-二甲基蒽的同时恒能量同步荧光分析法。它们的恒能量同步荧光光谱和常规荧光光谱相比,分辨力明显提高。蒽和9,10-二甲基蒽的线性范围分别为0～2 μg·mL-1和0～5 μg·mL-1,检出下限分别为2.2 ng·mL-1和1.7 ng·mL-1, 相对标准偏差不大于2%。水样中蒽和9,10-二甲基蒽的回收率为85%～103％。该方法简便快速,无需预分离。     

利用同步荧光光谱快速鉴别潲水油

为快速鉴别潲水油,采用三维同步荧光光谱结合平行因子法解析潲水油的特征波长差(Δλ),并利用支持向量机建立潲水油鉴别模型。结果表明,潲水油的特征Δλ为60 nm;特征Δλ下的样品原始同步荧光光谱经过主成分分析提取5个主成分,以径向基函数(RBF)为核函数,利用网格搜索和6-fold交叉验证优化建模参数,得到惩罚因子C=512、核参数g=0.5,该条件下建立的模型对训练集和预测集的判别率均达到100%。采用同步荧光光谱可以快速、准确地鉴别潲水油。     

基于同步荧光光谱法的鸭肉中西维因残留含量检测研究

为了快速测定鸭肉中西维因残留含量,提出应用同步荧光光谱法检测鸭肉中西维因残留含量,同时运用遗传算法-支持向量回归(GA-SVR)建立了鸭肉中西维因残留含量的回归预测模型。首先,通过荧光分光光度计分别采集了西维因水解物和含有西维因的鸭肉的三维同步荧光光谱图,经过分析确定了最佳波长差Δλ都为140 nm;其次,分析了鸭肉中西维因的浓度猝灭现象;最后采用GA进行同步荧光光谱的优化和选择,根据交互验证均方根误差(RMSECV)选择出了21个特征波长,并分别用全波长和21个特征波长作为SVR回归预测模型的输入特征变量,发现通过GA选择的特征波长可以得到更好的预测效果,并且其预测集的相关系数(R2)达到0.976 4,均方根误差(RMSECP)为12.232 2。试验结果表明利用同步荧光技术结合GA-SVR方法能有效、快速的检测鸭肉中西维因残留含量。     

同步荧光光谱比率法检测过氧亚硝酸根及其清除剂的研究

利用同步荧光光谱建立了一种新的荧光比率法检测过氧亚硝酸根(ONOO－)及评价其清除剂的方法。酪氨酸自身有荧光,在pH 8.5的磷酸缓冲溶液中,酪氨酸与CO₂和ONOO－反应生成强 荧光的酪氨酸二聚体,利用同步荧光光谱技术, 在荧光发射光谱中能同时获得酪氨酸单体(λ_em=364 nm)与二聚体的荧光峰(λ_em=406 nm),且两峰的荧光强度的比值与ONOO－的浓度呈计量相 关。结果表明荧光强度的比值不受实验参数改变的影响,与传统的荧光法相比,有利于扩大检测的线性范围,提高灵敏度。荧光强度的比值与ONOO－的浓度在1.60×10－7 mol·L-1～6.00× 10－6 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999,检测限为1.84×10－8 mol·L-1。对浓度为1.00×10－6 mol·L-1 ONOO－ 平行测定8次,其相对标准偏差为2.4％。利用该法测得抗癌药米托蒽醌的IC₅₀为0.065 μg·mL-1。方法简便易行,试剂廉价易得,体系稳定,可作为一种检测ONOO-及筛选其清除剂的方法。     

同步荧光法测定生物样品中蛋白含量的研究

基于5-甲基尿苷(5-Methyluridine)与血清白蛋白(HSA)相互作用,导致血清白蛋白的同步荧光发生特异性变化,且体系的同步荧光强度和溶液中HSA的浓度呈良好的线性关系,建立了以5-甲基尿苷为分子探针,运用固定波长同步荧光光谱法测定生物样品中蛋白质总含量的新方法。文章考察了Δλ值、反应介质、试剂用量、离子浓度、试剂加入顺序、反应时间、反应温度等因素对体系同步荧光的影响。在选定的最佳实验条件下,体系的同步荧光强度与血清白蛋白在1.38～575.2 μg·mL-1范围内的线性相关系数为0.998 1,方法的检测限可达0.12 μg·mL-1。运用本方法对人血清、唾液和尿液等生物样品进行测定并进行加标回收实验,回收率在98.7%～103.8%之间。对11份5-甲基尿苷空白溶液进行平行测定,其相对标准差为1.56%。还考察了一些常见离子和有机物存在时对蛋白质测定的影响。结果显示,本方法具有简单、快速、灵敏度较高、线性范围宽、体系稳定、精密度高、重现性好等优点。该法可直接用于血清、唾液和尿样等生物样品中蛋白质总量的快速测定,结果令人满意。     

Simultaneous Surface-Near and Solution Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

We report the first simultaneous measurement of surface-confined and solution fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). We use an optical configuration for tightly focused excitation and separate detection of light emitted below (undercritical angle fluorescence, UAF) and above (supercritical angle fluorescence, SAF) the critical angle of total internal reflection of the coverslip/sample interface. This creates two laterally coincident detection volumes which differ in their axial extent. While detection of far-field UAF emission producesa standard confocal volume, near-field-mediated SAF produces a highly surface-confined detection volume at the coverslip/sample interface which extends only ~200 nm into the sample. A characterization of the two detection volumes by FCS of free diffusion is presented and compared with analytical models and simulations. The presented FCS technique allows to determine bulk solution concentrations and surface-near concentrations at the same time.     

Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Topiramate and Levetiracetam as Single Components in Tablet Formulations and in Human Plasma and Simultaneous Fourth Derivative Synchronous Fluorescence Determination of their Co-Adminstered Mixture in Human Plasma

Two highly sensitive, rapid, simple, economic and validated spectrofluorimetric methods have been developed for determination of Topiramate and Levetiracetam in pharmaceutical tablets and in human plasma. Topiramate and Levetiracetam were determined separately by derivatization using 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofuran-2-oxo-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) and measured spectrofluorimetrically. The Relative fluorescence intensities were measured at λ_em/_ex of 547/465 nm and 551/465 nm for Topiramate and Levetiracetam, respectively. While a binary mixture of Topiramate and Levetiracetam were determined by the fourth derivative synchronous fluorescence measurement after their reaction with NBD-Cl. In this method, the fourth derivative synchronous spectra were estimated as peak to peak measurement at 493–497 and 490.5–495 nm corresponding with zero-contribution of Levetiracetam and Topiramate, respectively. Linearity ranges for Topiramate and Levetiracetam in both methods were found to be 0.15–1.2 and 0.2–1.5 μg/mL, respectively. The different experimental parameters affecting the fluorescence of the two drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The proposed methods were validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification and other aspects of analytical validation. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of the investigated drugs in human plasma samples obtained from healthy volunteers after single oral administration of the two drugs.     

Determination of Protolytic Constants by Trilinear Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Protolytic equilibria often have profound effects on chemical activity, since protolytic species usually behave quite differently. It is therefore important to characterize the protolytic properties of important chemicals. Here we present a new approach to study protolytic equilibria of fluorescent species that is extremely accurate and relies on minimum assumptions. We show that by measuring 2-dimensional excitation/emission scans of samples at different pH. the 3-dimensional experimental data set, I(lambda(ex), lambda(em), C(pH)), can be unambiguously decomposed into the spectral responses of the protolytic species present as well as their concentration. The approach is demonstrated on the protolytic equilibrium of fluorescein. Although the fluorescein monoanion cannot be obtained in pure form, the spectra and concentrations of both fluorescein species, as well as the protolytic constant, are determined with excellent accuracy. The proposed method is general and can be applied not only for studies of protolytic equilibria, but on any chemical equilibria and chemical reactions involving fluorescent species.     

盐酸吡格列酮与BSA反应机理的荧光猝灭法、同步荧光法比较研究

利用荧光猝灭法和同步荧光法进行了盐酸吡格列酮(PGH)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间反应机理的比较研究.结果表明:两种方法在研究PGH-BSA体系的猝灭类型、结合常数、结合位置、作用力类型、协同性及能量转移距离等方面,得到了相同的结果,表明同步荧光光谱法可以用于药物与蛋白反应机理的研究.     

Simultaneous Determination of Labetalol and Furosemide by First-Derivative Synchronous Spectrofluorimetry

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive first derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of a binary mixture of labetalol HCl (LBT) and furosemide (FUR) without prior separation. The method was based upon measuring the first derivative of synchronous fluorescence spectra of the two drugs at Δλ =130 nm in aqueous ethanol (55% V/V). The different experimental parameters affecting the synchronous fluorescence of the studied drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The first derivative amplitude-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.10 to 1.00 μg/mL and 0.05–0.50 μg/mL with lower detection limits of 0.0149 and 7×10⁻³ μg/mL and quantification limits of 0.045 and 0.021 μg/mL for LBT and FUR, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in synthetic mixtures. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained by the reference methods.     

激光诱导荧光光度法测定食品中的锌

本文利用自行组装的激光诱导荧光 CCD阵列检测器 计算机联用装置 ,建立了一种测定食品中锌的灵敏方法。在乙酸 乙酸铵 ( pH =4 )缓冲溶液中 ,Zn(Ⅱ )与SCN、罗丹明B(RhB)反应生成Zn SCN RhB配合物 ,经乙醚萃取后 ,以YAG激光二倍频 5 32nm为激发波长 ,在 5 80nm处测定荧光强度 ,优化了反应及食品样品的处理条件 ,用于食品试样中锌的测定 ,获得了满意的结果 ,方法检出限 4ng/mL ,加标回收率90 0～ 1 1 0 0 % ,相对标准偏差为 2 0～ 9 7%。