柱层析硅胶固载K2CO3催化合成生物柴油的研究

研究了柱层析硅胶-K₂CO₃固体碱催化剂的制备条件，并对其进行XRD、FT-IR和SEM表征分析。结果表明，部分K₂CO₃吸收空气中的CO₂生成KHCO₃，K₂CO₃与 KHCO₃分散到硅胶表面，增强了催化效果。并考查了催化剂用量、醇油摩尔比、反应时间对生物柴油制备的影响。研究表明,催化剂的制备温度为120℃，催化剂用量为原料油质量的5%，醇油摩尔比为12∶1，反应温度70℃，反应时间2h，生物柴油收率可达95.2%。

Synthesis of biodiesel with silica gel column chromatography catalyzed with immobilized K_2CO_3

The preparation condition of silica gel column chromatography- K₂CO₃ loaded solid-base catalyst was studied.The catalyst was characterized by means of XRD, FT-IR and SEM. The experimental results showed that part of K₂CO₃ generated KHCO₃ due to absorbing CO₂ in the air. K₂CO₃ and KHCO₃ dispersed on the silicon surface could enhance the catalytic activity. At the optimum conditions：catalyst preparation temperature:120℃, amount of catalyst in the fuel oil: 5%, ratio of alcohol to oil: 12∶1, reaction temperature: 70℃and reaction time: 2h, the biodiesel yield could reach up to 95.2%.