Catalytic reactions of C4 hydrocarbons on the fluid catalytic cracking catalyst

利用小型固定流化床实验装置,对C4烃类在催化裂化催化剂上催化转化反应规律进行了实验研究,考察了不同反应温度及空速对C4烃类催化转化反应的产物分布和组成的影响。实验结果表明,催化裂化催化剂对C4烃类具有一定芳构化和裂化性能,在适宜的反应条件下,可增产芳烃和丙烯;在C4烃类催化转化过程中,丁烯是主要的反应物,而丁烷几乎不反应;低反应温度有利于增产芳烃,高反应温度有利于增产丙烯。较低的空速对增产芳烃和丙烯都有利。根据双分子反应机理和反应结果,建立了C4烃类在催化裂化催化剂上催化转化过程的反应网络。对C4烃类催化转化历程分析表明,中间产物碳五和碳六烯烃较弱的二次裂化性能是C4烃类在催化裂化催化剂上催化转化过程中乙烯和丙烯产率较低的主要原因。

Catalytic reactions of C4 hydrocarbons on the fluid catalytic cracking catalyst

The catalytic reactions of C4 hydrocarbons on a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst were studied in a confined fluidized bed reactor. The effect of reaction temperature and space velocity on product yields and distribution was investigated. The results show that the FCC catalyst has the good performance of aromatization and cracking of C4 hydrocarbons and can be used to produce propylene and aromatics under the suitable reaction conditions. It is mainly the butylene in the C4 hydrocarbons that undergoes catalytic reactions over the FCC catalyst and butane is hard to convert. Low reaction temperature favors the production of aromatics, while high reaction temperature favors the production of propylene. Low space velocity is beneficial to promote the conversion of butylene and the production of both aromatics and propylene. According to the bimolecular mechanism and reaction results, the reaction network for the catalytic reactions of C4 hydrocarbons on the FCC catalyst is proposed. The analysis on the this reaction mechanism indicates that the main reason of resulting in the lower yields of ethylene and propylene could be the poor secondary cracking performances of C5 and C6 olefins formed in the catalytic conversion of C4 hydrocarbons on the FCC catalyst.