Modified enzymes for reactions in organic solvents |
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Authors: | Salleh A B Basri M Taib M Jasmani H Rahman R N Z A Rahman M B A Razak C N A |
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Institution: | (1) Center for Research in Enzyme & Microbial Technology (CREAM), Fakulti Sains & Pengajian Alam Sekitar, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia;(2) Present address: Fakulti Sains & Teknologi, Universiti Kolej Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia;(3) Present address: Jabatan Kimia, Fakulti Sains, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | Recent studies on biocatalysis in water—organic solvent biphasic systems have shown that many enzymes retain their catalytic
activities in the presence of high concentrations of organic solvents. However, not all enzymes are organic solvent tolerant,
and most have limited and selective tolerance to particular organic solvents. Protein modification or protein tailoring is
an approach to alter the characteristics of enzymes, including solubility in organic solvents. Particular amino acids may
play pivotal roles in the catalytic ability of the protein. Attaching soluble modifiers to the protein molecule may alter
its conformation and the overall polarity of the molecule. Enzymes, in particular lipases, have been chemically modified by
attachment of aldehydes, polyethylene glycols, and imidoesters. These modifications alter the hydrophobicity and conformation
of the enzymes, resulting in changes in the microenvironment of the enzymes. By these modifications, newly acquired properties
such as enhancement of activity and stability and changes in specificity and solubility in organic solvents are obtained.
Modified lipases were found to be more active and stable in organic solvents. The optimum water activity (a
w
) for reaction was also shifted by using modified enzymes. Changes in enantioselective behavior were also observed. |
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Keywords: | Modified enzymes organic solvents polyethylene glycol lipase |
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