典型全氟有机酸类化合物的样品前处理与分析方法研究进展

全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛烷羧酸（PFOA）是两种典型的全氟有机酸类化合物，也是全氟化合物（PFCs）前体物的最终降解产物，具有肝毒性、胚胎毒性、生殖毒性、神经毒性，检出率最高。在各种被污染的介质中，PFOS和PFOA含量往往很低，基体复杂多样，快速高效的样品前处理技术成为测定的关键环节。目前，国际上对PFOS和PFOA的测定无统一标准，而我国关于PFCs的分析研究落后于国际发展水平。该文介绍了PFOS和PFOA的特性，系统总结和评述了前处理技术（液液萃取、固相萃取、固相微萃取、超声萃取和QuEChERS法）及分析方法（色谱-质谱方法、光谱法、酶联免疫法和电化学法），以期为PFOS和PFOA的分析监测及标准制定提供参考。

Progress on the sample techniques and analytical methods for typical perfluorinated organic acids

Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are typical perfluorinated organic acids with hepatotoxicity, embryonic toxicity, reproductive toxicity, and neurotoxicity. As the final degradation products of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) precursors, PFOS and PFOA are detected frequently. Presently, there are no unified standards for the detection of PFOS and PFOA. The analytical techniques used for PFCs in China are much less sophisticated than those in the developed countries. In this paper, the characteristics of PFOS and PFOA are introduced. Sample preparation technologies (liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, ultrasonic extraction, and QuEChERS), and analytical methods (chromatography-mass spectrometry, spectrometry, ELISA, and electrochemical methods) are summarized and reviewed, so as to provide reference for monitoring and setting standards.