镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚和聚合的进展

继SHOP催化体系采用镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚制备端烯烃在研究和应用中获得成功以来，由于后过渡金属上容易产生β-氢消除反应，镍配合物催化乙烯的研究搁置了近二十年。然而，近十年里，镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚和聚合研究再次受到催化剂研究者的重视，进入了飞速发展的新时期。本文综述近三年间这个领域的发展，特别是我国学者在这个领域的贡献，展示了镍配合物在乙烯齐聚和乙烯聚合制备支化聚烯烃中的巨大潜力，促进该领域研究的发展。

The Nickel Complexes as Catalysts for Ethylene Oligomerization and Polymerization

The nickel catalysts for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization are of special relevance to catalysis, because of the easy synthesis and various catalytic properties influenced by the characteristics of the attached ligands. Recent progress of late novel catalysts for polyolefins beyond the complexes containing different ligands, ligands. In contract to the important set polyolefins, however, the well-defined transition metal complexes as catalysts has led to a renaissance in designing famous SHOP process. The nickel catalysts are interested of the varieties of which are coordinated with nickel center as the bidentate and tridentate of hetereogeneous catalysts, the homogeneous catalyst is a small share for complexes affect the microstructure of their products. The properties of polyethylene can be affected with adaptation of ligands coordinating to nickel center, so do the oligomers obtained with nickel complexes. Attracted to chemists, auxiliary ligand can improve the catalytic activity in one order of magnitude. In addition to the fast catalytic reaction, the active center can be confirmed through isolating the intermediate which produce the reliable catalytic activity. In the chapter, the development and progress of nickel complexes as catalysts for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization are discussed, and their advantage and disadvantage are also listed with future potentials in academic research and industrial applications.