酸性条件下硅醇盐Si(OCH_3)_4水解与聚合机理的密度泛函研究

用密度泛函方法在B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)基组水平上对反应系统中的所有物种进行全优化,用CPCM溶剂模型在同一基组水平上进行了单点计算,系统研究了硅醇盐前驱体Si(OCH3)4在酸性条件下的水解、聚合机理,阐明了二者的相互竞争关系.研究发现,H2O以氢键或配位键与前驱体结合,然后通过氢转移完成水解;水分子从质子化烷氧基的对面键合并发生水解;第4级水解是H2O从对位驱逐质子化烷氧基,但不能水解完全;水解产物通过"环状模式",由氢键结合成多元环,然后发生氢转移并完成聚合;水解过程的能垒明显低于聚合过程;H+阻止水解产物聚合成环;硅正离子可引发无垒聚合反应,但在能量上并不可行.     

Tuning of nickel 2-phosphinophenolates - catalysts for oligomerization and polymerization of ethylene

This short personal account summarizes recent work concerning the syntheses and structural aspects of neutral and cationic (organo)nickel and (organo)palladium 2-phosphinophenol(ate) complexes and catalysts for the oligo- or polymerization of ethylene.     

How light affects 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole

5,10,15-Tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole slowly undergoes oligomerization when left in solution at room temperature, under air and ambient light. This transformation was studied in different solvents (chloroform, dichloromethane, and toluene) and the main resulting products were identified as the 3,3′-corrole dimer 2a and the 3,3′,17′,3′′-corrole trimer 3a.     

铬系乙烯齐聚和聚合催化剂

综述了近年来国内外铬系催化剂的最新研究进展。介绍了该类催化剂齐聚和合的性能研究和应用，讨论了该催化剂长期引起争议的活性中心，活性价态，以及反应机理，并同时预测了铬系催化剂在工业和纳米技术方面的发展趋势。     

Synthesis and characterization of perfluoro[1-(2-fluorosulfonyl)ethoxy]ethyl end-capped styrene oligomers

Styrene oligomers with perfluoro[1-(2-fluorosulfonyl)ethoxy]ethyl end-groups have been synthesized with moderate to high yields (52-97%) via radical oligomerization by using perfluoro[2-(2-fluorosulfonyl)ethoxy]propyonyl peroxide (PPP) at various reactant ratios of styrene over PPP (80, 160, 240, 300, 360 and 420) and different temperatures (33, 37 and 42 °C), and characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹⁹F NMR. The molecular weight of the oligomers measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is dependent on the reactant ratio and reaction temperature. The polydispersity of the oligomers varies from 1.99 to 3.30. The oligomer obtained at the reactant ratio of 300 has the maximum yield (97%) and much broader polydispersity (3.30). The contact angles of water, θ_H2O, on the oligomer films are much bigger than that of polystyrene (PS). The glass transition temperature of the oligomers, T_g, increases with the increase of molecular weight and is lower than that of the parent polymer.     

Zig‐Zag Diphosphene Oligomers Linked by Silver(I) Cation

The coordination of silver cation to diphosphene Mes*P=PMes* ( 1 , Mes* = ^tBu₃C₆H₂) was investigated in detail. The reaction of 1 with Ag[Al(OR_F)₄] (OR_F = OC(CF₃)₃) in the ratios of 2 : 1, 3 : 2 and 1 : 2 led to the formation of the first cationic silver linked diphosphene complexes 2 — 4 . Complexes 2 and 3 contain two and three diphosphene molecules linked by the linear Ag(I) cation, respectively, and they feature unusual zig‐zag topologies. Complex 4 is a dinuclear silver complex, and each Ag(I) center features a tetrahedral geometry, coordinated by one phosphorus atom of diphosphene 1 and three chloro atoms of two CH₂Cl₂ molecules.     

固体磷酸催化剂的活性相

研究了固体磷酸催化剂活性与其自由磷酸聚合态及磷酸硅晶型的关系，指出高活性磷酸催化剂应具备的条件，即自由磷酸中应为正磷酸和焦磷酸的混合物，结合态磷应具有“Ｃ”晶型。     

镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚和聚合的进展

继SHOP催化体系采用镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚制备端烯烃在研究和应用中获得成功以来,由于后过渡金属上容易产生β-氢消除反应,镍配合物催化乙烯的研究搁置了近二十年。然而,近十年里,镍配合物催化乙烯齐聚和聚合研究再次受到催化剂研究者的重视,进入了飞速发展的新时期。本文综述近三年间这个领域的发展,特别是我国学者在这个领域的贡献,展示了镍配合物在乙烯齐聚和乙烯聚合制备支化聚烯烃中的巨大潜力,促进该领域研究的发展。     

Selective cyclodimerization of epichlorohydrin to dioxane derivatives over MOFs

Glycerol can be converted to valuable products such as epichlorohydrin which is an important intermediate applied in various industries. For example, dioxane derivatives, which are important pharmaceuticals, can be obtained from epichlorohydrin. In the present study, ZIF-8, ZIF-67, MIL-100, and UiO-66 were applied for the direct cyclodimerization of epichlorohydrin. These MOFs were selected because they were already applied as active catalysts in ring opening of epoxides. Among them, ZIF-8 showed the highest activity and selectivity in the absence of any solvent or co-catalyst. Using ZIF-8 as a catalyst, the cyclodimer product (1,4-dioxane 2,5-bis-chloromethyl) was obtained in a yield of about 70% which was significantly superior to previous homo or heterogeneous catalysts for this reaction. Due to ZIF-8 structure and the proposed mechanism, the cyclodimerization reaction catalyzed either by the defects in the structure and/or on the surface. Furthermore, acidic-basic characteristics were also in play. The NH₃ and CO₂ temperature-programed desorption technique were utilized to identify the active sites and thereby reaction mechanism. Moreover, because of similar properties of ZIF-8 to zeolites, the activity of commercial ZSM-5 for the same reaction was also investigated in this work.