NiO/rGO的溶剂热合成以及作为高循环稳定性超级电容器电极材料的性能表征

通过简单的溶剂热法以及其后续热处理过程，制备了NiO纳米花和NiO/还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）复合物。 在NiO/rGO复合物中，rGO作为基底生长NiO，与此同时，NiO则有效的避免了rGO的团聚。 采用热重分析(TG)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和X射线衍射对样品的成分、形貌和结构进行了表征。 NiO/rGO复合物（NiO和rGO的质量比为82.7∶17.3）电极呈现优异的电化学性能。 在1 A/g时，初始比电容为514.9 F/g，当材料完全活化后，其比电容高达600 F/g。 同时，在电流密度为10 A/g时，相比于1 A/g时的比电容保持率为83.5%。 此外，该电极材料具有非常优异的循环稳定性，6000次循环后电容衰减率为7.4%。 表明所制备的复合物是一种有应用价值的超级电容器电极材料。

Solvothermal Synthesis and Performances of NiO/Reduced GrapheneOxide for Supercapacitor ElectrodeMaterial with Long Cycle Stability

The NiO nanoflowers and NiO/reduced graphene oxide(rGO) composite were synthesized by a facile solvothermal process following thermal treatments. In the NiO/rGO composite, rGO was used as the substrate to fix NiO while the NiO acted as the spacer to prevent the aggregation of rGO. The composition, morphology and microstructure of the as-obtained samples were systematically characterized by thermogravimetric(TG) analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). When NiO/rGO composite(the mass ratio of NiO to rGO is up to 82.7∶17.3) was used as a single electrode, it exhibited excellent electrochemical performance. At 1 A/g, the initial specific capacitance was 514.9 F/g. When the material was fully activated, the specific capacitance was high(up to 600 F/g). Meanwhile, at the current density of 10 A/g, there is 83.5% retention in the capacitance relative to 1 A/g. In addition, the electrode material exhibits excellent recyclic stability, the capacitance decay rate is only 7.4% after 6000 cycles. Thus, the as-prepared composite has the practical value in supercapacitors.