基于等效路径的爆破地震波衰减规律

针对露天矿山台阶爆破地形和地质条件的复杂性, 分析了地形对爆破地震波传播路径的影响, 提出了等效路径及等效距离两个概念。同时考虑岩石波阻抗和岩体的完整性系数及最大一段装药量与炸药的定容爆热等因素的影响, 构建了露天台阶爆破地震波地表质点振速峰值随等效距离衰减的表达式。通过矿山爆破震动监测检验, 发现用该公式预测地表质点振速峰值, 能够适应实际地形和地质条件的变化, 预测结果的准确性显著高于萨氏公式, 表明该公式较好地反映了质点振速峰值沿等效路径衰减的基本规律, 为台阶爆破地震波质点振速峰值预测提供了一种新方法。

Attenuation law of blasting induced ground vibrations based on equivalent path

In this work,in view of the widely understood idea that topography and geological conditions are usually complicated and have a critical influence on the level of blast induced ground vibrations,we analyzed the effect of topography on the path through which seismic waves travel,introduced two concepts,the equivalent path and the equivalent distance,and established an equation for determining the surface peak particle velocity,taking into account of the effects of the maximum explosive charge quantity of a single initiation period,the explosion heat of the explosive product used,the acoustic impedance of the rock,and the integrity coefficient of the rock mass.A series of field seismic monitoring tests were carried out to determine the reliability of the equation.The result show that this equation can be used to describe the relationship between the peak particle velocity and the equivalent distance,and be applied under actual field topographical and geological conditions with a much higher accuracy than that of the Sardovsky's equation,proving the reliability of the equivalent distance based equation describing the attenuation basic patterns of seismic waves and possibility for use in field practice.