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排序方式: 共有537条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
山区公路滑坡灾害问题及对策分析——以云南元(江)磨(黑)高速公路为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着西部公路建设的蓬勃发展,越来越多的高等级公路必须穿越山区丘陵地带,这样必然导致大量的公路滑坡的出现,危及公路的正常运行及安全。本文以云南元(江)磨(黑)高速公路为例,在分析公路沿线自然环境条件及地质构造条件等的基础上,研究公路沿线的地质灾害的特点及危害,重点研究公路沿线所发育的滑坡的分布特征、危害、形成机制及整治对策和措施。研究表明,山区公路滑坡不仅与滑坡发育的工程地质条件有关,而且与工程设计方案及公路建设过程施工方案等人为因素有关。 相似文献
2.
In this paper we examine the conditions for surface topography evolution and crack growth/fracture during the cyclic actuation
of polysilicon microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures. The surface topography evolution that occurs during cyclic
fatigue is shown to be stressassisted and may be predicted by linear perturbation analyses. The conditions for crack growth
(due to pre-existing or nucleated cracks) are also examined within the framework of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Within
this framework, we consider pre-existing cracks in the topical SiO2 layer that forms on the Si substrate in the absence of passivation. The thickening of the SiO2 that is normally observed during cyclic actuation of Si MEMS structures is shown to increase the possibility of stable crack
growth by stress corrosion cracking prior to the onset of unstable crack growth in the SiO2 and Si layers. Finally, the implications of the results are discussed for the prediction of fatigue damage in silicon MEMS
structures. 相似文献
3.
影响分子沉积膜纳米摩擦特性的几个因素 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
利用原子力显微镜探讨了表面电荷及分子端基对分子沉积膜纳米摩擦特性的影响,并考察了表面形貌在不同扫描方向和法向高度上对摩擦力的影响.结果表明:对Si3N4针尖而言,表面净电荷对摩擦特性有一定的影响,不同类型的表面电荷对摩擦力和摩擦系数的影响不同,正电荷影响相对较大;在较小载荷和粘附力的条件下,针尖在表面上滑动时所受的摩擦作用同分子端基有关;单层CuTsPc分子沉积膜表面形貌的取向对摩擦力影响不大,分子沉积膜的表面高度同摩擦力,即时测量值并不存在对应关系,摩擦力受表面形貌的影响较小. 相似文献
4.
5.
In this paper, moiré contour fringes is applied to study the femur's articular surface of the knee of Pongidae. The preliminary
division of the femur's articular surface of knee into three types is proposed. The moiré contour fringes ofthe medial condyle
is taken as a mark according to the references. Owing to the fact that the moiré contour fringes obtained from experiments
after the 2nd order of fringe basically follow a certain rule, an investigation is made on the distribution of the angle α
which is defined as the angle of the major axis of the 2nd order's near-oval shaped moiré contour fringe on the medial condyle
with the horizontal axis. Preliminary distribution graphs are given in the paper. 相似文献
6.
Sabine Kopec Emilio Martínez-Núñez Juan Soto Daniel Peláez 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2019,119(21):e26008
We present a generalization of the transition state search using chemical dynamics simulations (TSSCDS) methodology (discussed in a previous study) which allows the topographical characterization of intermolecular potential energy surfaces (IPES) for non-covalently bound complexes (vdW-TSSCDS). Starting from a single random input geometry, we show that vdW-TSSCDS is able to globally and automatically locate stationary points of an IPES, even in limiting cases such as extremely flat regions or nontrivial topologies (eg, bifurcation points). The basic idea is the expression of the connectivity matrix in block structure, where diagonal blocks correspond to the isolated fragments and off-diagonal blocks provide the intermolecular connectivity. To this end, we introduce a new definition of bound or not, in a non-covalent sense, utilizing an extra set of van der Waals distances, which encompasses all kinds of non-covalent distances. To discuss the use of the vdW-TSSCDS method, we present a series of 2-body van der Waals systems, namely, Ar-Benzene (3D), N2-Benzene (6D) and H2O-Benzene (9D). Finally, we further illustrate its capabilities by presenting some applications for n-body problems (n > 2), (H2O)2-Benzene (12D) and (H2O)3-Benzene (21D), as well as to a reactive, fully-flexible, system (Benzene-NO2)+ (39D) in which the simultaneous breaking/formation of both covalent and non-covalent interactions takes place. 相似文献
7.
Area‐selective microwrinkle formation on poly(dimethylsiloxane) by treatment with strong acid 下载免费PDF全文
Microwrinkles were formed by treating poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surfaces with a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid at 80 °C followed by a water rinsing step. The acid treatment oxidized the treated area, which also swelled owing to absorption of water during the rinsing step. This absorption of water induced a compressive stress on the PDMS surface that caused the formation of wrinkles. The appearance of wrinkles was controlled by the time interval between the end of the acid treatment and the beginning of the water rinsing step. Wrinkles were formed when the time interval was shorter than 5 s, as water was absorbed by the hygroscopic acid molecules within the treated surface. For longer time intervals of 300 s, this phenomenon was not observed. Based on these findings, a procedure for forming wrinkles in specific areas was developed by hydrating the chosen areas with wet filter paper cut into specific shapes after the acid treatment. The formation of wrinkles was confined to the area under the piece of paper. The orientation and alignment of the wrinkles at the boundaries were also characterized. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 167–174 相似文献
8.
The enamel surfaces of fluorotic teeth were studied by scanning electron stereomicroscopy. Different whitening treatments were applied to 25 pieces to remove stains caused by fluorosis and their surfaces were characterized by stereomicroscopy in order to obtain functional and amplitude parameters. The topographic features resulting for each treatment were determined through these parameters. The results obtained show that the 3D reconstruction achieved from the SEM stereo pairs is a valuable potential alternative for the surface characterization of this kind of samples. 相似文献
9.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2018,50(4):464-470
Fabrication of polymer‐carbon composite nanostructure with good dispersion of each other is critical for the desired application due to the nanostructure flaws, agglomeration, and poor absorption between the 2 materials. Fabrication of superhydrophobic surface coating composites of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) through supercritical fluid processing was explored in this study. Homogeneity of the composite was characterized by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies, which reveal that the PTFE and MWCNT are uniform in the composite. Microstructural surface evaluation of field‐emission scanning electron microscope and high‐resolution transmission electron microscope studies display that the coating composite possesses roughness structures and fibrillation of the superhydrophobic surface coating. Superhydrophobic character was evaluated on fiber‐reinforced plastic (FRP) sheets, which showed that the prepared coating composite surface showed self‐cleaning properties with a high water contact angle of 162.7°. The surface wettability was studied by increasing different temperatures (30°C to 300°C) in PTFE‐MWCNT composite, which reveals that the FRP sheets were thermally stable up to 200°C and afterward; they transformed from superhydrophobic to hydrophilic state at 250°C. The superhydrophobic surfaces are thermally stable in extreme environmental conditions, and this technique may be used and extendable for large‐scale applications. 相似文献
10.
Łukasz Płociniczak Wojciech Okrasiński Juan J. Nieto Oscar Domínguez 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2014
In this paper we present some results concerning a boundary value problem for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation that was used before in modeling the topography of human cornea. These results generalize previously obtained theorems on existence and uniqueness. We show that our equation has a unique solution for all parameters and conditions that can arise in physical situation. In the second part of the article we derive some new estimates and approximate solutions. Numerical calculations verify that these approximations are very accurate. 相似文献