考虑质量控制和损失规避的供应链网络均衡研究

研究质量控制和损失规避背景下供应链网络均衡问题,通过变分不等式原理描述供应链内部成员的最优行为,构建供应链网络均衡模型,证实均衡解的存在性和唯一性,并运用拟牛顿算法进行求解。最后通过算例对损失规避程度、产品合格率和补偿金等参数进行灵敏度分析,展现质量控制和损失规避等要素对供应链均衡解以及成员利益的作用。研究表明:制造商可以通过提高产品合格率来减少损失规避给其带来的损失;损失规避行为会降低因产品合格率提高给零售商带来的效用的增量;零售商可以通过收取补偿金的方式激励制造商生产高质量的产品。

Study on Supply Chain Network Equilibrium ConsideringQuality Control and Loss Aversion

This paper considers supply chain network equilibrium based on quality control and loss aversion. The optimal economic behavior of players in the supply chain network is portrayed by way of variational inequalities theory, and a supply chain network equilibrium model is constructed. Then, the equilibrium pattern in terms of existence and uniqueness results is provided. Further, the Quasi-Newton method is built to solve the equilibrium model. Finally, a numerical example is given to conduct sensitivity analysis of parameters of the proposed model and the parameters include loss aversion, the qualified rate of products, compensation and so on. Through the analysis, the impact of quality control and loss aversion on the solution of the equilibrium model and player’s profit can be revealed. The study shows that as the loss aversion of retailers increases, the expected utility of the retailer will increase, and the more loss aversion the more utility increase. On the other hand, manufacturers can reduce the loss from loss-averse retailers through increasing product qualification rate. While the degree of loss avoidance reaches a certain value, the manufacturer’s profit is hardly affected by it. Improving the level of product qualification rate can increase the manufacturer’s profit and the retailer’s desired utility. The loss-averse behavior of retailers reduces the incremental utility that results from a higher qualification rate. It’s helpful for manufacturers to improve product quality by receiving compensation.