表面活性剂控制的硒纳米线的室温生长

以表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为形貌导向剂，利用Na₂Se在室温碱性水溶液中的自发氧化，成功制备了Se纳米线。用TEM、SEM、EDX、XRD、HRTEM、SEAD等手段表征了Se纳米线的组成和结构。结果表明，合成的Se纳米线是沿六方相Se的001]轴方向生长，具有良好的晶型结构。使用TEM对不同时间Se纳米结构的生长过程的形貌进行了跟踪，探讨了Se纳米线的形成机理，发现其形成与生长过程符合“solid-solution-solid”机理。同时，选择了具有特异官能团(如-OH，-COOH，-CONH₂)的3种表面活性剂，研究它们在纳米硒的取向性生长中的导向作用，只有SDS能引导合成出高质量的Se纳米线。

Surfactant-Controlled Growth of Selenium Nanowires at Room Temperature

The Na₂Se was oxidized to grow spontaneously into selenium nanowires in aqueous solution using sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) as the morphology directing agent at room temperature. These selenium products were characterized by TEM, SEM, EDX, HRTEM, SEAD. The results indicate that selenium nanowires synthesized have a good crystal structure and grow along the 001] direction to form the faceted 1D structure with hexagonal cross sections. The growth evolution of Se nanowires with aging time was observed by TEM. The TEM images reveal that the formation of Se nanowires is governed by a solid-solution-solid growth mechanism. Three kinds of surfactant with diferent functional groups(such as -OH, -COOH, -CONH₂) were used as a ligand for the growth of Se nanocrystals in aqueous solution. It has been found that only sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) plays an important role in directing the selenium nanocrystals to grow along designated orientation. High quality selenium nanowires can be synthesized in the presence of SDS aqueous solution at room temperature.