Valorization Potentials of Rapeseed Meal in a Biorefinery Perspective: Focus on Nutritional and Bioactive Components |
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| Authors: | Gabriella Di Lena Jose Sanchez del Pulgar Massimo Lucarini Alessandra Durazzo Petra Ondrejí
kov Florin Oancea Rodica-Mihaela Frincu Altero Aguzzi Stefano Ferrari Nicoli Irene Casini Paolo Gabrielli Roberto Caproni Igor erve&#x; Ginevra Lombardi-Boccia |
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| Institution: | 1.CREA Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (J.S.d.P.); (M.L.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (S.F.N.); (I.C.); (P.G.); (R.C.); (G.L.-B.);2.ENVIRAL a.s., Trnavská Cesta, 920 41 Leopoldov, Slovakia;3.National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (F.O.); (R.-M.F.);4.Poľnoservis a.s., Trnavská Cesta, 920 41 Leopoldov, Slovakia; |
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| Abstract: | Rapeseed meal (RSM), a by-product of oilseed extraction connected to the agri-food and biofuel sectors, is currently used as animal feed and for other low-value purposes. With a biorefinery approach, RSM could be valorized as a source of bio-based molecules for high-value applications. This study provides a chemical characterization of RSM in the perspective of its valorization. A qualitative study of main functional groups by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was integrated with a chemical characterization of macronutrients, minerals by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), phenolic acids and lipid components by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), HPLC-diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detector (GC-MS/FID). The study, conducted on different lots of RSM collected over a one-year period from an oil pressing factory serving a biofuel biorefinery, highlighted a constant quality over time of RSM, characterized by high protein (31–34%), fiber (33–40%) and mineral (5.5–6.8%) contents. Polyphenol extracts showed a significant antioxidant activity and a prevalence of sinapic acid, accounting for more than 85% of total phenolic acids (395–437 mg kg−1 RSM). Results highlight the potentialities of RSM for further valorization strategies that may lead to the creation of new cross-sector interconnections and bio-based value chains with improvement of the economics and sustainability of the bioeconomy sectors involved. |
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| Keywords: | rapeseed meal agri-food by-products valorization biorefinery chemical characterization nutrients phenolic compounds bioactive compounds antioxidant activity |
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