Bulk heating of transparent materials using a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser |
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Authors: | CB Schaffer JF García E Mazur |
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Institution: | (1) Harvard University, Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Femtosecond laser pulses can locally induce structural and chemical changes in the bulk of transparent materials, opening
the door to the three-dimensional fabrication of optical devices. We review the laser and focusing parameters that have been
applied to induce these changes and discuss the different physical mechanisms that play a role in forming them. We then describe
a new technique for inducing refractive-index changes in bulk material using a high-repetition-rate femtosecond oscillator.
The changes are caused by a localized melting of the material, which results from an accumulation of thermal energy due to
nonlinear absorption of the high-repetition-rate train of laser pulses.
Received: 21 November 2001 / Accepted: 9 July 2002 / Published online: 25 October 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-858/534-7697, E-mail: cschaffer@ucsd.edu
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ID="**"Current address: University of California, San Diego, Department of Physics, La Jolla, CA 92 093, USA |
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Keywords: | PACS: 42 65 Re 42 70 Ce 65 60 +a |
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