多项式混沌展开的浅海水声环境参数敏感度分析*

水下声场是海洋环境参数的非线性函数,因此环境参数的不确定性必然会引起水下声场预测的不确定性,从而导致与声场预测相关的声呐探测和水声通信等设备性能的下降。该文将Sobol敏感度指数的计算与多项式混沌展开方法相结合,将敏感度指数表达为环境条件的函数,利用Q范数约束的双曲截断方案来减少多项式项数,有效地分析了设定的"浅海负梯度温跃层"信道中8个环境参数及其交互效应对水下声传播的影响。结果表明,沉积层声速是低频远距离声场不确定性分布的最主要贡献参数,同时对于下发下收的情况,声源深度的影响程度随着声源频率增加而逐渐增大。最后应用射线理论从海底反射的角度解释了各个环境因素影响程度差异的具体原因。该文的研究对水声通信和探测系统在浅海不确定环境下的性能预报研究具有重要的参考意义。

Sensitivity analysis of uncertain environmental parameters in shallow water based on polynomial chaos expansion

The uncertainty of ocean environmental parameters and the nonlinear relationship between environmental parameters and sound field lead to the uncertainty of underwater sound field prediction.In this paper, Sobol sensitivity index is combined with the polynomial chaos expansion method to calculate the influence of key physical ocean environmental parameters on underwater sound propagation in shallow water. Considering a shallow water sound propagation model with 8 independent uncertain parameters, the sensitivity index of underwater sound field to environmental parameters changes with the propagation distance and frequencies is analyzed when the source distribution is in or under the thermocline. The study result is meaningful for the performance analysis of underwater communication system in uncertain shallow water environment.