含有杂环基侧链的新型聚硅氧烷

含有功能性基团的聚硅氧烷的研究一直是有机硅化学中十分活跃的研究领域之一。当含N、S等杂环引入聚硅氧烷链中后，由于杂环基的生理活性、催化活性及光电特性，因而含不同杂环基团的聚硅氧烷（POS）可分别用作催化剂、光电材料、医学材料等。当用作药物载体时，可提高药物的利用率和靶向性，也可降低某些药物的毒性。含环糊精侧基、冠醚侧基的POS亦可应用于气相色谱固定相、相转移催化剂。本文对近年来有关侧链含有吡啶、咪唑等杂环及环糊精基团等功能性侧基的聚硅氧烷结构、合成、及应用作一详细的评述并进行了展望。

Advances on polysiloxanes with pendant heterocycle function

The polysiloxanes (POSs)containing various functionalized side groups not only keep the characters of POSs, but also have some new functions, such as physiological activity, catalytic activity, photoelectric activity and so on. The POSs containing various heterocycle side groups could be used as catalysts, photoelectric materials and medical materials. As carriers for drugs, they can increase the efficiency and targeting efficiency of drugs and decrease the toxicity of some drugs. The POSs with cyclodextrin, crown ether on the side groups show a potential application as stationary phases of gas chromatograph and phase transition catalysts. This review highlights the structures, syntheses and applications of the POSs with pendant heterocycle functions such as pyridyl groups, imidazolyl groups and cyclodextrin groups in recent years.