地球物理流体动力学的发展和室内实验研究的影响

系统介绍了大气、海洋与新兴的地质系统中的流体力学，尤其是通过室内实验的研究进展．详细描述了诸如羽流、湍流、卷挟、异重流、海洋环流、混合层、双扩散、盐指、锋面、岩浆库、地幔对流、板块运动、热斑等有趣的地球物理现象，它们对于了解因浮力引起的对流的机理是十分重要的．同时在气候、环境、灾害、成矿等领域有广泛的应用．论文反映了在 Ｇ．Ｉ． Ｔａｙｌｏｒ， Ｇ．Ｋ． Ｂａｔｃｈｅｌｏｒ领导下剑桥研究组的风格──通过小型室内实验了解机理，再用应用数学方法求解问题，他们对流体力学的发展作出了重大贡献．

DEVELOPMENT OF GEOPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS: THE INFLUENCE OF LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS

Advances in geophysical mechanics, especially through laboratory experiments are systematically introduced for atmosphere, ocean and newly emerging geology systems in the present article. A wide range of interesting phenomena such as plume, turbulent entrainment, density flows, oceanic circulation, mixing layer, double diffusion, salt fingering, magma chamber, mantle convection, hot spots are addressed in detail. Not only they are of significance for understanding the mechanism of buoyancy-driven convection...