Phosphorescent κ3-(N^C^C)-Gold(III) Complexes: Synthesis,Photophysics, Computational Studies and Application to Solution-Processable OLEDs

Efficient OLED devices have been fabricated using organometallic complexes of platinum group metals. Still, the high material cost and low stability represent central challenges for their application in commercial display technologies. Based on its innate stability, gold(III) complexes are emerging as promising candidates for high-performance OLEDs. Here, a series of alkynyl-, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)- and aryl-gold(III) complexes stabilized by a κ³-(N^C^C) template have been prepared and their photophysical properties have been characterized in detail. These compounds exhibit good photoluminescence quantum efficiency (η_PL) of up to 33 %. The PL emission can be tuned from sky-blue to yellowish green colors by variations on both the ancillary ligands as well as on the pincer template. Further, solution-processable OLED devices based on some of these complexes display remarkable emissive properties (η_CE 46.6 cd.A⁻¹ and η_ext 14.0 %), thus showcasing the potential of these motifs for the low-cost fabrication of display and illumination technologies.     

Synthesis of nonplanar bipyridyls bridged by disilane and disiloxane and their phosphorescent copper complexes

Disilane- and disiloxane-bridged bipyridyls ( DSBPy and DSOBPy ) were prepared and their optical properties were investigated in comparison with those of previously reported monosilane- and monogermane-bridged counterparts. The UV–visible absorption and photoluminescence bands of DSBPy and DSOBPy were blue-shifted as a result of elongation of the bridging units from monosilane and monogermane to disilane and disiloxane, likely due to the enhanced twisting of the bipyridyl units. Phosphorescent complexes DSBPy–Cu and DSOBPy–Cu were prepared by the interaction of DSBPy and DSOBPy with Cu₂I₂(PPh₃)₂. X-ray diffraction studies of their single-crystal structures revealed polymeric structures composed of repeat units of DSBPy or DSOBPy and [Cu^II(PPh₃)]₂. Organic light-emitting diodes with the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ DSBPy–Cu or DSOBPy–Cu :PCTSQ/TAZ/Al structure were fabricated to examine the applications of the complexes as electroluminescent materials. The devices emitted yellow light with emission maxima at approximately 600 nm, and maximal luminance reached 120 and 190 cd m⁻² for devices based on DSBPy–Cu and DSOBPy–Cu , respectively. The performance of the DSOBPy–Cu -based device was improved by using TAZ as the dopant of the emissive layer, and luminance was increased to 390 cd m⁻².     

Ultra-high Tg and ultra-low coefficient of thermal expansion polyimide films based on hydrogen bond interaction

To tolerate high processing temperature during the fabrication of low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS–TFT) in flexible OLED devices, the polyimide (PI) films, which are used as substrate, should have ultra-high glass transition temperature (T_g > 450°C) and ultra-low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE at 0–5 ppm K⁻¹). In this paper, two novel heterocyclic monomers, namely, N,N'-(xanthone-2,7-diyl)bis(4-aminobenzamide) (p-DAXBA) and N,N'-(xanthone-2,7-diyl)bis(3-aminobenzamide) (m-DAXBA), which contain a xanthone moiety, are prepared and polycondensed with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), respectively. PI films (PIa and PIb) with intrinsic high T_g and low CTE are designed from the perspective of rigid conjugate xanthone structure and hydrogen bonding interaction. It is found that the PIa films prepared by p-DAXBA have better linear structure of molecular chains and show relatively higher T_g and lower CTE. The T_g of PIa-40 is greater than 450°C, and CTE can reach as low as 2.7 ppm K⁻¹, tensile strength of 179 MPa, modulus of 5.67 GPa, indicating potential application prospect as a flexible OLED substrate.     

高效大面积有机白光照明研究及其展望

白光有机发光二极管(OLED)是新一代健康节能照明光源,光效性能已超过荧光灯水平。自从OLED技术问世以来,研究人员陆续开展了关于OLED照明的研究工作。本文介绍了OLED照明的特点,以及国内外OLED照明发展现状,讨论了发展OLED照明技术和装备国产化所亟待解决的重大难题和面临的挑战,重点论述了发展高效大面积OLED照明器件制备技术及推动OLED照明产业化的重要意义。     

Regulation of Multiple Resonance Delayed Fluorescence via Through-Space Charge Transfer Excited State towards High-Efficiency and Stable Narrowband Electroluminescence

B- and N-embedded multiple resonance (MR) type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters usually suffer from slow reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process and aggregation-caused emission quenching. Here, we report the design of a sandwich structure by placing the B−N MR core between two electron-donating moieties, inducing through-space charge transfer (TSCT) states. The proper adjusting of the energy levels brings about a 10-fold higher RISC rate in comparison with the parent B−N molecule. In the meantime, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 91 % and a good color purity were maintained. Organic light-emitting diodes based on the new MR emitter achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency of 31.7 % and small roll-offs at high brightness. High device efficiencies were also obtained for a wide range of doping concentrations of up to 20 wt % thanks to the steric shielding of the B−N core. A good operational stability with LT₉₅ of 85.2 h has also been revealed. The dual steric and electronic effects resulting from the introduction of a TSCT state offer an effective molecular design to address the critical challenges of MR-TADF emitters.     

A purely organic D-π-A-π-D emitter with thermally activated delayed fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence for near-white OLED

A purely organic D-π-A-π-D type emitter showing thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence(RTP) was designed and synthesized by utilizing the benzophenone as an acceptor and the N-phenyl-2-napthylamine as a donor moiety.It exhibits considerable TADF character in doped PMMA film and room temperature phosphorescence with a long lifetime of 74 ms at466 nm in solid state.The devices with the configuration of ITO/Mo_2 O_3(4 nm)/mCP(30 nm)/mCP:x wt%NP2 BP/TmTyPB(60 nm)/LiF(1.5 nm)/AI(100 nm) were prepared by vacuum evaporation to explore their electroluminescent performance.Intere stingly,the non-doped device has obtained near-white emission with a fluorescence emission peak at 475 nm and a phosphore scence emission peak at 563 nm having the CIE coordinate of(0.23,0.32) and the maximum external quantum efficiency of 1.09%.     

热活化延迟荧光蓝光小分子取代基效应的研究进展

近年来, 作为第三代有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes, OLED)发光材料的热活化延迟荧光(thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)材料受到了学术界和产业界的广泛关注. TADF分子由于其单线态与三线态之间的能级差较小, 三线态激子可以被环境热活化而通过反系间窜越上转换至单线态, 理论上可实现100%的激子利用率, 从而使得OLED器件外量子效率显著提高. TADF材料被认为是突破高效稳定有机电致蓝光发射瓶颈的潜在解决方案. 一般, TADF分子为含有电子给体(donor, D)和电子受体(acceptor, A)的纯有机推拉电子体系. 通过改变给体单元和受体单元的结构、数量和取代基及其位置可以有效调节TADF分子的单线态-三线态能级差、前线轨道分布、聚集态结构、电致发光颜色及其性能. 同时取代基在调控给、受体单元的推拉电子能力及TADF材料的分子构型、聚集态结构和稳定性等物化特性方面扮演着非常重要的角色. 本综述分别对D-A型和多重共振型TADF蓝光分子的取代基效应进行了综述, 以期为高效稳定的蓝光TADF分子的设计合成提供有效借鉴.     

OLED器件新型应用研究进展

有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes,OLED)具有可柔性制备、低驱动电压、低功耗等优点,近年来技术上的突飞猛进及其广泛的应用前景,使之成为平板显示、新型照明、可穿戴,以及智能电子产品开发中最热门的研究课题之一。作为新一代的显示及照明技术,小尺寸OLED显示器已实现商业化,大尺寸OLED电视和家用照明也有产品问世,但OLED器件在可穿戴、智能电子等领域的应用仍处于探索期。本文综述了近年来OLED器件在新型应用领域国内外的研究状况,介绍了其在车载照明、智能车窗、可穿戴医疗、智能包装等领域的发展。最后对OLED器件应用的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

IPTO薄膜制备及其在有机光电器件中的应用

新型IPTO(Pr Ti O3掺杂In2O3)薄膜的可见光透过率及导电性可与商业化的ITO薄膜媲美。采用双源电子束设备制备了一种新型的IPTO透明导电薄膜,通过开尔文探针法测试,其功函数为5.14 e V。为验证新型IPTO透明导电阳极对有机电致发光器件性能的影响,将IPTO替代商业化ITO作为阳极制备了有机电致发光器件。基于IPTO阳极的器件的亮度最大值为85 140 cd/m2,外量子效率最大值为3.16%,分别为以ITO为阳极的器件的3倍及1.13倍。这种性能的改善是由于IPTO具有较小的表面粗糙度及较高的功函数,可以降低阳极的注入势垒,有利于电荷向有机层注入,改善了器件内的空穴及电子的注入平衡。