小分子有机电致发光器件和材料的研究及应用

有机电致发光器件(OLED)是在电场作用下,以有机材料为活性发光层的器件.由于OLED具有亮度高、响应快、视角宽、工艺简单、可柔性等优点,在现代科学研究及技术应用中备受关注.其商业化应用,诸如平板显示(FPD)和固体照明(SSL)等,正在不断向前推进.本文综述了小分子OLED的各种器件结构和功能材料研究进展以及该领域存...     

基于碳基透明电极的柔性有机电致发光二极管

随着消费升级和5G技术的发展,显示技术正朝着超高分辨率、大尺寸、轻薄、柔性和低成本方向蓬勃发展。有机发光二极管(OLED)具有自发光、超薄、节能、大面积、易实现柔性及三维显示等优点,是最具竞争力的颠覆性显示技术。柔性透明电极材料对实现可弯曲、可折叠、可穿戴柔性OLED至关重要。而传统的氧化铟锡(ITO)电极弯折易碎、原材料稀少、价格逐年上升,不适合未来柔性OLED的大范围推广应用。而碳基材料具有原材料丰富、制造成本低、制备工艺简单、机械性能优越等特点,是最有前途的替代ITO的新兴柔性电极材料。其中一维碳纳米管、二维石墨烯、三维互穿网络导电聚合物等新型碳基导电材料以优异的透光性、导电性、柔性和化学可修饰性得到广泛的关注,并在光电器件领域取得了重要研究成果。对此,本文系统地介绍了碳纳米管、石墨烯和导电聚合物几种典型碳基柔性透明电极材料的光电性质、制备方法和图案化工艺,并总结了近年来基于碳基电极材料的柔性OLED研究进展,最后分析了当前柔性OLED大规模生产和应用中存在的问题,并对未来的发展方向做出了展望。     

高效率有机电致发光器件的制备与研究

有机电致发光器件(OLED)具有亮度高、功耗低、色彩柔和以及制备简易等优点,有望在新一代显示与照明中得到重要应用.提高OLED的发光效率和出光效率,可以进一步使器件达到延长工作寿命和节约能源的目的,以满足实际应用的需求.     

有机发光二极管光取出技术进展

有机发光二极管(OLED)经过近30年的发展,在材料开发和器件结构设计上取得了丰富成果,OLED在显示,尤其高端智能手机上已经开始大规模商用。但在照明领域,由于器件效率、寿命以及成本的原因,产业还不够成熟。器件的光波导效应和表面等离子体基元效应使绝大部分光子产生非辐射耦合,并以热能的形式消耗掉,造成了内外量子效率巨大差距;是器件效率与寿命不佳的主要原因之一。因此在OLED照明器件中,通过光取出技术将这部分光耦合出来显得十分必要。本文首先介绍了有机发光二极管的光学分析方法,从射线光学模型分析OLED器件中光能辐射的四种模式以及光能损耗机理,然后结合近几年各科研机构研究成果和产业上一些代表性专利,从内光取出和外光取出两方面总结了相关光取出技术的研究进展。最后我们对光取出技术路线进行总结。     

有机发光材料的电化学稳定性及其对器件稳定性的影响

有机发光器件（OLED）在平板显示和固体照明领域有着广阔的应用前景.过去的二十多年来,OLED的效率得到了大幅提升,但是器件的稳定性仍有待提高.在OLED器件中,通常认为载流子的传输涉及分子反复的氧化还原.因此,OLED材料的电化学性质是影响器件稳定性的重要因素.本文总结了近年来有关OLED材料电化学性质的研究进展,并重点探讨了材料的电化学稳定性与器件稳定性之间的关系.总结发现：（1）单极性材料的电化学不稳定性是导致器件衰减的本质原因之一;（2）双极性材料高度的电化学稳定性有助于提高器件的稳定性,但并不一定保证器件具有高稳定性;（3）有关材料分子结构的稳定性对器件稳定性的影响以及器件的本征衰变机制还有待深入研究.相信,对OLED发光材料稳定性和器件衰变机制的深入研究将有助于提高其他有机光电材料和器件的稳定性,从而推动有机电子学和相关产业的发展.     

白光有机发光二极管的最新进展

有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diodes,OLEDs)以其制备工艺简单、成本低、发光颜色可在可见光区内任意调节以及易于大面积制作和柔韧弯曲等优点,被认为是未来重要的显示技术之一,在未来照明光源领域也显示了诱人的应用前景.一般认为,如果OLED的发光效率超过100 lm/W,就有可能取代一般照明.本文综述了实现白光OLED的方法及其最新进展,并对白光OLED存在的问题及其发展趋势进行了讨论.     

高效大面积有机白光照明研究及其展望

白光有机发光二极管(OLED)是新一代健康节能照明光源,光效性能已超过荧光灯水平。自从OLED技术问世以来,研究人员陆续开展了关于OLED照明的研究工作。本文介绍了OLED照明的特点,以及国内外OLED照明发展现状,讨论了发展OLED照明技术和装备国产化所亟待解决的重大难题和面临的挑战,重点论述了发展高效大面积OLED照明器件制备技术及推动OLED照明产业化的重要意义。     

溶液加工型有机电致发光材料与器件研究进展

有机电致发光器件（OLEDs）在平板显示和固体照明领域有着广阔的应用前景,发展十分迅速,已实现了商业化．而可溶液加工的OLEDs采用喷墨打印、卷对卷印刷等低成本方式进行加工,在实现低成本、大面积显示及照明器件等方面具有巨大的应用潜力,引起了广泛关注．实现高效溶液加工型OLEDs的实用性需要在光电材料设计合成及器件制备方法上进一步深入研究．本文总结了发光材料与器件国家重点实验室可溶液加工型OLEDs材料及器件的研究进展．     

可穿戴柔性触觉传感器的研究进展

可穿戴柔性触觉传感器是用来模仿人类触觉的器件, 可以感知人体以及外界环境的运动、 形变和压力等信息, 在智慧医疗和智能机器人等领域具有广泛的应用前景. 近年来, 大量柔性触觉传感器的研究使其性能得到了巨大的提升, 并在很多领域得到了应用. 本文首先简述了柔性触觉传感器的结构和基本性能; 然后重点介绍了具有自愈合、 自驱动以及可视化等新型高性能触觉传感器的研究进展; 接下来讨论了柔性触觉传感器在可穿戴电子技术、 医疗保健以及人机交互界面等方面的应用; 最后展望了柔性触觉传感器未来所面临的机遇与挑战.     

可穿戴电化学传感器件的研制及其应用

可穿戴电化学传感器件是一种可直接穿戴在身体特定部位、甚至植入用户体内的柔性电化学传感器。其具有简易性、便携性、灵活性等特点,可实时电化学监测与跟踪分析待测物,被广泛用于医疗保健、人体健康和环境监测等领域。该综述概括了可穿戴电化学传感器件的硬件设计与研制,及其在汗液检测、神经化学监测、现场分析检测（POCT）中的应用,总结和展望了可穿戴电化学传感器件的未来发展趋势,以期为可穿戴电化学传感领域的进一步发展提供参考。     

Transparent Electrodes Printed with Nanocrystal Inks for Flexible Smart Devices

Transparent electrodes (TEs) are crucial in a wide range of modern electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, traditional TEs cannot meet the requirements of smart devices under development in unique fields, such as electronic skins, wearable electronics, robotic skins, flexible and stretchable displays, and solar cells. Emerging TEs printed with nanocrystal (NC) inks are inexpensive and compatible with solution processes, and have huge potential in flexible, stretchable, and wearable devices. Every development in ink‐based electrodes makes them more competitive for practical applications in various smart devices. Herein, we provide an overview of emergent ink‐based electrodes, such as transparent conducting oxides, metal nanowires, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, and their application in solution‐based flexible and stretchable devices.     

Recent developments in textile based polymeric smart sensor for human health monitoring: A review

In the modern age, the most important and prevailing issue is the monitoring of human health. To address this, several devices have been developed and a need new materials investigated. The idea of textile-based smart sensors is emerging rapidly. In this regard, ICPs and ECPs have attracted the attention of researchers due to their mechanical adaptability to suit the characteristics of textile fabric. The lighter weight, stretchability and wearability, etc. are considered an advantage while selecting the material for developing sensors not only in health monitoring but also in biomedical, sports, and military fields. The idea behind wearable sensing devices is to enable easy integration of the sensor device into daily life routines. Such wearable sensors also have the potential for real time and online monitoring of human health and integrate with smart monitoring devices. The purpose of this review is to discuss the recent developments in smart monitoring sensors.     

烯碳纤维基能源器件的研究进展

纤维状能源器件的研究极大地推动了可穿戴电子设备的快速发展。烯碳纤维主要包括碳纳米管纤维和石墨烯纤维,其微观组成单元具有独特的碳碳共轭分子形态,宏观结构具有高度可调控性,表现出高的比强度、优良的导电性和导热性、以及良好的机械柔韧性等,被广泛应用于先进能源器件的研究和开发,有效促进了柔性可穿戴电子器件的发展。本文综述了烯碳纤维基能源器件包括能量转换和储能器件等的研究和应用进展,具体介绍了烯碳纤维基太阳能电池、湿气发电机、热电发电机、超级电容器以及电化学电池等的最新成果,重点讨论了烯碳纤维基能源器件的制备方法和可穿戴应用,分析了烯碳纤维基储能及能量转换器件面临的问题和挑战,期望能够为未来高性能纤维基可穿戴能源器件的发展提供有价值的研究思路。     

An outlook on printed microsupercapacitors: Technology status,remaining challenges,and opportunities

The concept of the Internet of Things is dramatically changing the way society interacts with physical spaces and portable technologies. For the last couple of years, intensive research has been devoted on the design of several flexible and even wearable devices, such as displays and health-care sensors. Further developments on these new technologies are heavily conditioned by the lack of compatible energy storage/conversion units. Contrary to lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors can be easily miniaturized and integrated on flexible/wearable technologies without losing their electrochemical performance. In this review, some of the most recent developments on the design and printing of light, flexible, and thin microsupercapcitors along with promising and further practical applications are presented.     

Asymmetric Spirobiacridine-based Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for High-performance Organic Light-Emitting Devices

Recently, researchers have focused on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) for efficient future lighting and displays. Among TADF emitters, a combination of triazine and acridine is a promising candidate for realizing high-efficiency organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). However, simultaneous development of perfect horizontal orientation (Θ=100 %) and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of over 40 % is still challenging. Here, to obtain insights for further improvements of a triazine/acridine combination, various asymmetric spirobiacridine (SBA)-based TADF emitters with a unity photoluminescence quantum yield and high Θ ratio of over 80 % were developed. Furthermore, the substitution effects of the triazine acceptor unit on the photophysical properties were studied, including molecular orientations and OLED performance. The corresponding OLED exhibited sky-blue emission with a high EQE of over 30 %.     

A Unique Blend of 2-Fluorenyl-2-anthracene and 2-Anthryl-2-anthracence Showing White Emission and High Charge Mobility

White-light-emitting materials with high mobility are necessary for organic white-light-emitting transistors, which can be used for self-driven OLED displays or OLED lighting. In this study, we combined two materials with similar structures—2-fluorenyl-2-anthracene (FlAnt) with blue emission and 2-anthryl-2-anthracence (2A) with greenish-yellow emission—to fabricate OLED devices, which showed unusual solid-state white-light emission with the CIE coordinates (0.33, 0.34) at 10 V. The similar crystal structures ensured that the OTFTs based on mixed FlAnt and 2A showed high mobility of 1.56 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹. This simple method provides new insight into the design of high-performance white-emitting transistor materials and structures.     

高效率钙钛矿发光二极管的研究进展

钙钛矿发光二极管(LED)由于高的发光色纯度、颜色连续可调、可溶液法制备和材料成本低等优势,被认为是下一代高清柔性显示和平面照明应用最有前景的候选材料之一,受到科学界和产业界的广泛关注。在过去的几年里,钙钛矿LED取得了快速的发展,发光颜色已经实现了从紫外光到近红外光的全覆盖,其中绿光、红光和近红外光的外量子效率均超过了20%。本文首先介绍了钙钛矿LED的基本知识,随后综述了本课题组近年来在高效率钙钛矿LED制备方面取得的研究进展,最后结合领域内的一些代表性工作,分析了领域发展中存在的不足,并对未来产业化应用的前景进行了展望。