竖直波纹板表面凝结过程的强化传热研究

根据波纹板壁面与凝结液间的表面张力使液膜减薄的强化凝结传热的机理建立数学模型,计算了波纹板槽道谷底和波峰两侧液膜传热的综合效果与当量竖直平壁相比较的传热结果,提出了一种可兼顾通流截面和强化效应的双尺度波纹形式,对双尺度波纹、普通波纹板和当量平板进行了凝结传热性能比较实验,表明双尺度波纹板凝结侧传热系数可比普通波纹板增强约40％。     

花丝内插物强化竖直管内凝结换热的实验研究

1前言大空隙率多孔体管内插物-绕花丝内插物，被认为是强化管内凝结换热的最有效途径之一[1]．但以往的研究，由于实验雷诺数范围较小，蒸汽速度较低，要正确全面评价其性能尚显不够。本文在原有工作的基础上，进一步完善了实验系统，改进了测试手段，扩大了实验雷诺数范围，并测试了其阻力性能，对花丝内插物强化管内凝结换热进行了较深入全面的实验研究，以全面评价花丝内插物对管内凝结换热的强化效果。2实验系统本文实验系统如图1所示。实验段是一个竖直套管冷凝器，如图2所示．本试验研究蒸汽完全凝结时的传热。凝结水流量采用容积法计…     

水平管外强化凝结传热的数值解

以Nusselt理论为基础,运用三维坐标建立了肋片侧面的冷凝传热模型,对肋片侧面的冷凝传热机理进行了分析,得出了肋片侧面表面传热系数的积分表达式。利用此法对水平环肋单管表面传热系数进行计算并将结果与传统解法进行比较。     

一类Marangoni对流边界层方程的近似解析解

利用Adomain解析拆分和Padé逼近方法对由Marangoni对流诱发的层流边界层问题进行了研究, 提供了一种求解边界层方程的解析分析方法. 得到了问题的近似解析解并对相应的流动及传热特性进行了探讨. 本文所提出的思想方法可以用于解决其他科学和工程技术问题. 关键词： Marangoni对流 非线性 Adomain拆分法 近似解析解     

激光穿透焊的三维数值模拟

本文对激光穿透焊进行了三维数值模拟，除考虑焊接速度影响外，还研究了Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池流动与传热的影响。将三维数值模拟结果与相应的二维模拟结果进行了比较，结果表明，Ｍａｒａｎｇｏｎｉ对流对熔池的形成有很大的影响，因此不可忽略。本文还给出了估计激光穿透焊中蒸气孔尺寸与焊接热效率的方法。     

Pregelation Behaviour of Coagulation Processes with the Constant-Reaction-Number Kernel

We propose an irreversible binary coagulation model with a constant-reaction-number kernel, in which, among all the possible binary coagulation reactions, only p reactions are permitted to take place at every time. By means of the generalized rate equation we investigate the kinetic behaviour of the system with the reaction rate kernel K（i;j） = （ij）^w （0 ≤w〈1/2）, at which an i-mer and a j-mer coagulate together to form a large one. It is found that for such a system there always exists a gelation transition at a finte time to, which is in contrast to the ordinary binary coagulation with the same rate kernel. Moreover, the pre-gelation behaviour of the cluster size distribution near the gelation point falls in a scaling regime and the typical cluster size grows as （to - t）-1/（1-2w）. On the other hand, our model can also provide some predictions for the evolution of the cluster distribution in multicomponent complex networks.     

凝结热对低阶煤低温氧化过程的影响

选用Pulse Calorimeter仪器，研究了低阶煤在干燥氧气下低温氧化过程的反应热和相对湿度为80％的氮气下凝结热与温度的变化，以研究凝结热对低阶煤低温氧化过程的影响。结果表明,随着温度的上升体系的反应热增加，而凝结热减少。在26℃~60℃的低温下，体系的凝结热明显高于反应热。因此，低温下凝结热是影响低阶煤的低温氧化过程的重要因素。研究还得到了低阶煤在干燥氧气下低温氧化过程的动力学方程及活化能。     

Coherent Scattering of Light by Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Tight Confinement

We have observed strong scattering of a probe light by dilute Bose-Einstein condensate （BEC） ^87Rb gas in a tight magnetic trap. The scattering light forms fringes at the image plane. It is found that we can infer the real size of the condensation and the number of the atoms by modelling the imaging system. We present a quantitative calculation of light scattering by the condensed atoms. The calculation shows that the experimental results agree well with the prediction of the generalized diffraction theory, and thus we can directly observe the phase transition of BEC in a tight trap.     

水蒸汽在波纹板上凝结的分子动力学研究

本文建立了水蒸气在波纹板上凝结的数学模型,以此模型为基础,模拟了水蒸气从300℃冷凝到20℃的温度变化过程,并和同温度范围下平板的凝结过程进行比较.结果表明,水蒸气在波纹板上凝结较快,其差异可以用反射理论进行解释.同时模拟结果也证实了凝结过程中存在二次转化温度,在该温度附近系统处于亚稳定状态.波纹板上凝结时,该状态较易被破坏进而转向下一个更加稳定的状态,平板上凝结时,这种亚稳态不易被破坏,使进一步降温变得困难.     

Non-Gravitational Effects with Density-Matching in Evaluating the Influence of Sedimentation on Colloidal Coagulation

The method of density matching between the solid and liquid phases is often adopted to effectively eliminate the effect of sedimentation of suspensions in studies on dynamic behaviour of a colloidal system. However, the associated changes in the solvent composition may bring side effects to the properties investigated and therefore might lead to a faulty conclusion if the relevant correction is not made. To illustrate the importance of this side effect, we present an example of the sedimentation influence on the coagulation rate of suspensions of 2μm （diameter） polystyrene. The liquid mixtures, in the proper proportions of water （H2O）, deuterium oxide （D2O） and methanol （MeOH） as the liquid phase, density-matched and unmatched experiments are performed. Besides the influence of viscosity, the presence of methanol in solvent media, used to enhance the sedimentation effect, causes significant changes （reduction） in rapid coagulation rates compared to that in pure water. Without the relevant corrections for those non-gravitational factors it seems that gravitational sedimentation would retard the coagulation. The magnitude of the contribution from the non-gravitational factor is quantitatively determined, making the relevant correction possible. After necessary the influence of the sedimentation on coagulation rates at corrections for all factors, our experiments show that the initial stage of the coagulation is not observable.