硫酸铵存在下碘化物-乙基紫-异丙醇体系萃取分离镉

研究了在硫酸铵存在下,碘化物-乙基紫-异丙醇体系萃取镉的行为以及异丙醇水溶液的分相条件。实验表明,异丙醇作为萃取溶剂,能萃取中性离子缔合物。溶液pH1-6时,该体系能使Cd^2 从常见过渡元素Fe^3 、Co^2 、Ni^2 、Mn^2 、ZN^2 的混合液中分离出来。     

醋酸异戊酯的合成及其波谱研究

本文合成并精制了醋酸异戊酯,且对其进行了红外光谱和核磁共振波谱的研究,结果令人满意。     

Isolation of bitter acids from hops (Humulus lupulus L.) using countercurrent chromatography

Commercially available hops (Humulus lupulus L.) bitter acid extracts contain a mixture of three major congeners (co-, n-, and ad-) in addition to cis/trans diastereomers for each congener. Individual isomerized α-acids were obtained by the consecutive application of two separate countercurrent chromatography methods. First, individual isomerized α-acid congeners as a mixture of cis/trans diastereomers were obtained using a solvent system consisting of hexane and aqueous buffer. The second purification, capable of separating cis/trans diastereomers, was accomplished using a quaternary solvent system; an alternative procedure using β-cyclodextrin followed by countercurrent chromatography was also investigated. The NaBH(4) reduction of the purified isomerized α-acid compounds followed by countercurrent chromatography purification resulted in individual ρ iso α-acids (>95%). Similarly, catalytic hydrogenation of the purified isomerized α-acid compounds followed by countercurrent chromatography purification produced individual tetrahydro isomerized α-acids (>95%). Reported herein is a widely applicable approach that focuses on three critical variables--solvent system composition, pH, and buffer-to-sample ratio--that enable the efficient purification of individual bitter acids (≥95%) from commercially available hops extracts.     

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对脱水四环素和异四环素荧光增强作用研究

在不同pH值的标准缓冲溶液及不同表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）浓度的胶束溶液环境中，研究了CTMAB对盐酸四环素的降解产物脱水四环素和异四环素的荧光强度的影响。结果表明，CTMAB对脱水四环素和异四环素具有荧光增强作用，荧光增强幅度与介质的pH值和CTMAB浓度有关，在中性和碱性条件下对脱水四环素荧光增强作用较大，在pH=9.2的条件下可使异四环素的荧光强度达到最大值，CTMAB对脱水四环素和异四环素的这种荧光增强作用，为建立较灵敏的盐酸四环素及其降解产物的荧光定量方法提供了依据。     

Bismuth triflate-catalyzed oxa- and thia-Pictet-Spengler reactions: access to iso- and isothio-chroman compounds

A new route to functionalized iso(thio)chromans is described. The compounds are accessible easily in a one pot-reaction by using different benzaldehydes and phenylethanethiol or phenylethanol in presence of bismuth triflate.     

CN--异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸-CTMAB显色体系的研究及应用

在弱酸性介质中,有溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)存在条件下,CN-与异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸形成一蓝色化合物,其最大吸收波长(λmax)位于646 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数6ε46=4.67×104L.mol-1.cm-1,且其吸光度A与氰化物含量在一定的范围内呈良好的线性关系。据此,建立了测定生活饮用水中微量氰化物的CTMAB-异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸显色光度法。本法氰化物含量在0~4.0μg/10.0 mL范围内符合比耳定律,用于生活饮用水中微量氰化物的测定,结果令人满意。     

CN-与异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸显色反应的研究及应用

在弱酸性介质中,于氯胺T存在条件下,CN-可与异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸形成一蓝色染料,该染料最大吸收波长位于642 nm,且其吸光度A与氰化物含量在一定的范围内呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了测定生活饮用水中微量氰化物的异烟酸-硫代巴比妥酸分光光度法。本法氰化物含量在0~4.0μg/10 mL范围内符合比耳定律。方法用于生活饮用水中微量氰化物的测定,结果令人满意。     

neue Heterocyclisierungen mit Malonestern 1,3-Dithiole; 1,3-Oxathiole; Δ2-Oxazoline und das Vinylendipyridiniumdikation

The reaction of diethyl bromomalonate (1) or diethyl diazomalonate (6) with benzoyl isothiocyanate (2) proceeds via the carbene intermediates4, 7 or12 to afford the 1,3-dithiole5, the 2-oxazoline8 or the 1,3-oxathioles9 depending upon the catalyst employed. In contrast, the bis(ethoxycarbonyl)methylpyridinium bromides14 upon treatment with benzoyl isocyanates15 in pyridine give rise to vinylene dipyridinium dibromides18.

     

VMgO催化剂上丙烷和异丁烷临氧催化转化机理

用程序升温反应 -红外光谱技术研究 2 0VMgO和 6 0VMgO催化剂上丙烷和异丁烷临氧催化转化的机理 .结果表明 ,临氧条件下的反应性是异丁烷 >丙烷 ,与其分子中最弱C -H键键能从弱到强顺序相同 ,这意味着临氧活化的第一步可能是断裂分子中强度最弱的C -H键、且为速率控制步骤 ;丙烷临氧反应的深度氧化产物COx 与氧化脱氢产物丙烯的生成是平行和 (或 )连续反应关系 ,而裂解产物乙烯和甲烷的生成则是平行反应 ;异丁烷氧化脱氢反应中C -C键的断裂比丙烷的容易 .     

协方差矩阵退化情形均值-CVaR模型的有效边界

本文利用CVaR方法代替方差或CVaR来度量风险,建立了均值-CVaR模型,首先利用等CVaR线的方法研究了包含无风险资产的均值-CVaR模型的有效边界,然后在无套利假设下研究了当风险资产的协方差矩阵是奇异时的均值-CVaR模型,并得到了正态情形下模型的有效边界及其解析表达式.