Bioanalytical methods applied to endocrine disrupting polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. A review

The usual methods for determining polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are generally expensive and time consuming. This fact has favored the development of faster and cheaper techniques, based on immunoassays and bioassays. This paper reviews these bioanalytical methods and their analytical importance at the present moment.     

Effect of HAP on Stability and Plugging Property of LPFR Dispersion

To improve the stability and plugging property of low-solubility phenol formaldehyde resin (LPFR) in the injection water from Daqing Oilfield, hydrophobically associating polymers (HAP) as a stabilizing agent were used. The size and zeta potential of LPFR, LPFR/HAP molecule aggregates, and turbidity and plugging properties of LPFR dispersions were measured in deionized water, simulation water, and injection water, respectively. The results show that the hydrophobic grouping on the HAP molecule has a similar molecular structure as LPFR, and HAP and LPFR can form complex molecule aggregates in the injection water. The zeta potential of LPFR/HAP molecule aggregates is larger than that of LPFR molecule aggregates. Therefore, the repulsive force operating between LPFR/HAP complex molecule aggregates is increased. HAP enhances the stability of LPFR in the injection water and plugging property of LPFR dispersion in porous medium.     

Homogeneous approximation property for continuous wavelet transforms

The homogeneous approximation property (HAP) for frames is useful in practice and has been developed recently. In this paper, we study the HAP for the continuous wavelet transform. We show that every pair of admissible wavelets possesses the HAP in L² sense, while it is not true in general whenever pointwise convergence is considered. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the pointwise HAP to hold, which depends on both wavelets and functions to be reconstructed.     

Comparison of three methods for fractionation and enrichment of low molecular weight proteins for SELDI-TOF-MS differential analysis

In most diseases, the clinical need for serum/plasma markers has never been so crucial, not only for diagnosis, but also for the selection of the most efficient therapies, as well as exclusion of ineffective or toxic treatment. Due to the high sample complexity, prefractionation is essential for exploring the deep proteome and finding specific markers.In this study, three different sample preparation methods (i.e., highly abundant protein precipitation, restricted access materials (RAM) combined with IMAC chromatography and peptide ligand affinity beads) were investigated in order to select the best fractionation step for further differential proteomic experiments focusing on the LMW proteome (MW inferior to 40,000 Da). Indeed, the aim was not to cover the entire plasma/serum proteome, but to enrich potentially interesting tissue leakage proteins. These three methods were evaluated on their reproducibility, on the SELDI-TOF-MS peptide/protein peaks generated after fractionation and on the information supplied.The studied methods appeared to give complementary information and presented good reproducibility (below 20%). Peptide ligand affinity beads were found to provide efficient depletion of HMW proteins and peak enrichment in protein/peptide profiles.     

铈改性Ru/HAP催化果糖一步法制备2,5-呋喃二甲酸

采用浸渍法制备稀土元素铈（Ce）改性的Ru/HAP催化剂Ce-Ru/HAP，以实现果糖一步法制备2，5-呋喃二甲酸（2，5-FDCA）。采用XRD、TEM、NH₃-TPD和XPS表征手段对催化剂的理化性质进行分析。结果表明，Ce很好地高度分散到载体HAP上，且并未对HAP的结构造成影响；Ce主要以Ce³⁺和Ce⁴⁺形式存在，前者的存在使催化剂表面产生大量氧空穴，同时两者之间的电子转移有利于氧空穴形成，提高储氧能力，提高催化剂的表面催化活性；催化剂具有丰富的弱酸位，能够抑制反应过程中副反应的发生。优化反应条件后，催化剂Ce（8%，质量分数）-Ru/HAP在温度160℃和氧气压力2 MPa的反应条件下，反应4 h时2，5-呋喃二甲酸的产率为34.2%。因此，Ce的引入能够提高传统贵金属复合型催化剂的催化活性，同时也为果糖一步制备2，5-FDCA提供新思路。     

High Sensibility of Quantum Dots to Metal Ions Inspired by Hydroxyapatite Microbeads

An approach for the sensitive and selective determination of Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions was developed based on the fluorescence quenching of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) capped CdTe quantum dots in the existence of hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoribbon spherulites. Among various metal ions investigated, it was found that the fluorescence of CdTe QDs was only sensitive to Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions. The addition of HAP into the CdTe system could bring forward a sensitivity improvement of about 1 to 2 orders of magnitude in the detection of Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ compared with the plain CdTe system without the existence of HAP; while there was no sensitization effect for Hg²⁺. Under optimal conditions, the detection limits for Ag⁺, Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺ were 20, 56 and 3.0 nmol·L^?1, respectively, and the linear ranges were 0.02–50, 0.056–54 and 0.003–2.4 µmol·L^?1, respectively. Mechanisms of both QDs fluorescence quenching by metal ions and the sensitization effect by HAP were also discussed.     

Influence of Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide on Dispersion Property of Water-Soluble Phenol-For-maldehyde Resin

To improve dispersion stability of water soluble phenol-fomaldehyde resin (PFR) in relatively low salinity water, the effect of hydrophobically associating polymer (HAP) on the dispersion property of PFR in NaCl solution was studied by the measurement of the size and zeta potential of PFR, HAP, and PFR/HAP molecule aggregates in NaCl solution, and the turbidity of PFR and PFR/HAP dispersions. The results show that due to the hydrophobically group on HAP molecule has similar structure as molecular structure of PFR and stronger hydrophobically association of HAP molecules in NaCl solution, HAP, and PFR molecules can form complex molecule aggregates together. The formation of the complex molecule aggregates enhanced the stability of PFR dispersion in NaCl solution.     

HAP自组装球的简易合成及其光催化增效作用

选择生物协同模板,通过简单的控制组装工艺,制备出结构均一有序的羟基磷灰石(HAP)纳米组装球.该纳米组装球整体尺寸约5-6 μm,球体中心部分尺寸约为2.5-3 μm.通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、比表面积(BET)测试等手段对产物形貌、结构和比表面积进行了表征.产物作为催化剂载体,对氧化锌催化降解罗丹明B (RhB)的催化效率提高了125%,催化剂回收率提高了23.1%,有效降低了催化剂的用量,在有机物降解领域具有潜在的应用价值.同时还对产物的控制生成过程和催化增效机理做了初步探讨.     

羟基磷灰石表面改性的研究进展

羟基磷灰石（HAP）由于其良好的生物相容性及骨诱导作用而被广泛应用于生物复合材料中。但是,其本身容易聚集,与聚合物之间相容性差,会导致复合材料的力学性能和生物学性能下降。在HAP表面改性既可以有效防止颗粒间的聚集,增强其与基体间的相互作用,同时,还可以通过接上具有特殊功能的聚合物,赋予HAP新的用途。本文综述了羟基磷灰...     

HAP/P(MMA-St)复合微球的制备及其吸附性能

以微孔纳米羟基磷灰石（HAP）为无机载体,甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和苯乙烯（St）为聚合单体,采用悬浮聚合法制备了HAP/P(MMA-St)复合微球。研究了影响球体粒度及其分布的主要因素和微球的吸附性能。结果表明,表面活性剂用量（质量分数,下同）为1‰、MMA用量为2%,HAP用量为30%,转速为300r/min时复合微球的合格球收率最高为86.4%。当微球中HAP的含量为36.07%时,HAP/P(MMA-St)微球对牛血清蛋白的最大吸附量Qe=18.70 mg/g,比未加HAP时,增加了4.65 mg/g。