长链脂肪酸影响胆红素-人血清蛋白复合物的激发态分化

胆红素与人血清白蛋白结合后会发生光异构和光诱导环化反应,其中后一反应将最终形成一种名为光红素的产物,这些光诱导化学反应是临床上治疗新生儿黄疸的基本原理. 据前人研究报道,长链脂肪酸的加入有利于光红素的生成,但其背后的机理,特别是其激发态动力学尚不明确. 本文利用飞秒瞬态吸收和飞秒荧光转换技术,探究了棕榈酸对胆红素在血清蛋白中的光化学反应的影响. 研究表明,随着棕榈酸的加入,光激发后的胆红素更倾向于通过4 ps的衰减通道返回热基态,而不是通过固有的超快激发态衰减途径(小于1 ps). 这一效应促进了热基态的胆红素发生由Z-Z到E-Z构型的异构化,从而提高了光红素的产率. 这是首次利用飞秒时间分辨光谱技术对长链脂肪酸在光疗过程中的作用进行表征,其结果可为相关临床研究提供有利的信息.     

A Comparative Study of Biocathodes Based on Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Buckypapers Modified with Three Different Multicopper Oxidases

14 Single‐ and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes from different sources were characterized in detail, and the characteristics obtained were carefully analyzed. The carbon material with the highest capacitance, and also other superior properties (“Taunit‐M” from “NanoTechCenter”, Russia), was chosen for further modification and fabrication of buckypaper based electrodes. These electrodes were biomodified with plant and fungal laccases, as well as fungal bilirubin oxidase. The designed biocathodes were investigated in simple buffers and also in a complex physiological fluid (human serum). Biocathodes based on immobilized fungal laccase were bioelectrocatalytically inactive in chloride containing media at neutral pH. In spite of the quite high current densities realized using biodevices based on plant laccase and fungal bilirubin oxidase, the limited thermal stability of the enzymes renders the biocathodes inadequate for practical applications in implanted situations.     

吸附型“人工肝”辅助材料的制备及其性能研究──(Ⅲ)SVD醇解物的功能基化反应及吸附性能

本文介绍了大孔交联聚乙烯醇共聚物的结构性能、功能基化反应，制备了一系列质子化胺基吸附剂，发现它们对水溶液及血清中的游离和结合胆红素具有较好的吸附性能，且血液相容性良好。     

血红蛋白对胆红素光学检测的影响分析

针对实验得到的光谱数据,应用偏最小二乘回归方法进行多变量建模,结果发现:血红蛋白的加入使建立模型的主成分数从一个变为三个,而对模型贡献最大的波长从459 nm变为432 nm和433 nm,说明偏最小二乘模型的原始光谱数据变量引进了血红蛋白的吸收噪音.结合偏最小二乘建模的原理与评价指标分析表明:较纯胆红素溶液而言,混合溶液模型预测均方根误差增大了24.90%,相关系数减小了0.29%,加入血红蛋白后的模型对胆红素浓度预测能力降低.进一步分析血红蛋白和胆红素及其混合溶液吸收光谱发现:在检测的紫外可见光波段两者吸收光谱发生重叠,两者混合溶液在408 nm处产生一个新的吸收峰,且相比同浓度血红蛋白吸收峰而言408 nm处吸收峰发生了减色效应,这是由于血红蛋白与胆红素混合会发生某些弱的键位结合引起的,新的吸收峰改变了建模所用的主成分数,降低了模型的预测能力.结果说明在胆红素经皮测量中必须采取措施减少血红蛋白的影响,才能提高胆红素经皮检测的准确度.     

New Sorbent for Bilirubin Removal from Human Plasma： Albumin Immobilized Microporous Membranous PTFE Capillaries

In this study, we developed a tailored capillary sorbent for bilirubin removal. For immobilized bioligand, capillaries were grafted with epoxy groups using RIGP. The HSA immobilized capillaries has a high affinity adsorption capacity （71.2 mg bilirubin/g polymer） and a shorter adsorption equilibrium time （about 60 min）.     

Synthesis,characterization and properties of methylaminocellulose

Homogeneously prepared tosylcelluloses (TC) with degrees of substitution (DS) of DS_Tos 0.1–1.8 were used as intermediates for the synthesis of methylaminocelluloses (MAC) by nucleophilic substitution with methylamine. TC with DS_Tos up to 1.1 were shown to be valuable intermediates for selective synthesis of MAC with DS_MA varying from 0.1 to approximately 1. No nucleophilic substitution was observed at higher DS_Tos. At the chosen reaction conditions (60 °C, 48 h) residual tosyl moieties remained unchanged and little hydrolysis took place. The samples obtained were characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR and ¹³C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. ¹³C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy was found to be an efficient tool for quantification of DS_MA. Furthermore, the swelling behaviour in water was investigated and preliminary tests concerning the bilirubin adsorption capacity of MAC were carried out.     

Concentric glucose/O2 biofuel cell

A concentric glucose/O₂ biofuel cell has been developed. The device is constituted of two carbon tubular electrodes, one in the other, and combines glucose electrooxidation at the anode and oxygen electroreduction at the cathode. The anodic catalyst is glucose oxidase co-immobilized with the mediator 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid hydrate, and the cathodic catalyst is bilirubin oxidase co-immobilized with the mediator 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt. Both enzymes and mediators are entrapped at the surface of the tubular electrodes by an electrogenerated polypyrrole polymer. The originality of the concentric configuration is to compartmentalize the anode and cathode electrodes and to supply dissolved oxygen separate from the electrolyte in order to avoid secondary reactions. The dissolved oxygen circulates through the inside of the cathode tube and diffuses from the inner to the external surface of the tube to react directly with the immobilized bilirubin oxidase. The assembled biofuel cell is studied at 37 °C in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. We show the influence of the thickness of the polypyrrole polymer on the electrochemical activity of the biocathodes. We also demonstrate the effect of the chemical reticulation of the enzymes by glutaraldehyde within the polymer on the performances of the bioelectrodes. The maximum power density delivered by the assembled glucose/O₂ biofuel cell reaches 42 μW cm⁻², evaluated from the geometric area of the electrodes, at a cell voltage of 0.30 V with 10 mM glucose. The results demonstrate that the concentric design of the BFC based on compartmented electrodes is a promising architecture for further development of micro electronic devices.     

胆绿素还原酶电极及电位法测定胆红素的研究

本文研制了胆绿素还原酶电极,采用电位法测定胆红素。胆绿素还原酶以牛血清白蛋白和戊二醛固定化制成酶膜,覆盖在石墨电极上在辅酶Ⅰ存在下进行测定,铁氰离子作为电子传递介质。胆红素在空气存在下氧化为胆绿素,再以胆绿素还原酶电极进行检测。线性响应范围为1×10~(-6)-1×10~(-4)mol/L胆绿素(胆红素),酶膜寿命约60h。本法可在水溶液中测定胆红素。     

Circular Dichroism and Conformation of Bilirubin Bis N,N, N-Trimethyl α-Phenethylammonium Salts

Analysis of the bisignate circular dichroism spectra of bilirubin-IXα bis-propionate salts of (S)-(-)-N, N, N-trimethyl α-phenethylammonium hydroxide reveals a preference in CHC1₃, (CH₃)₂ CO and CH₃ CN solvents for folded conformations in which the propionate groups are intramolecularly H-bonded to the opposing pyrromethenone units.