双频激光干涉仪的混频分析与研究

针对以往文献提出的探测非线性误差方案比较复杂,通常不容易实行的缺点,设计了一套简单有效的系统,用以区分由光源偏振态非理想和偏振分光镜(PBS)漏光引起混频造成的非线性误差。实验结果表明,光先后两次经过PBS后漏光分量将会大大减少,相对于由光源非正交分量引起的混频误差可以忽略不计。为了最大限度地减小安装误差,提出了一种切实有效地调整PBS的方法,确保入射光水平分量的偏振面平行于偏振分光镜的参照面,并以布儒斯特角入射。     

Stochastic Hopf bifurcation in quasi-integrable-Hamiltonian systems

A new procedure is developed to study the stochastic Hopf bifurcation in quasiintegrable-Hamiltonian systems under the Gaussian white noise excitation. Firstly, the singular boundaries of the first-class and their asymptotic stable conditions in probability are given for the averaged Ito differential equations about all the sub-system‘s energy levels with respect to the stochastic averaging method. Secondly, the stochastic Hopf bifurcation for the coupled sub-systems are discussed by defining a suitable bounded torus region in the space of the energy levels and employing the theory of the torus region when the singular boundaries turn into the unstable ones. Lastly, a quasi-integrable-Hamiltonian system with two degrees of freedom is studied in detail to illustrate the above procedure.Moreover, simulations by the Monte-Carlo method are performed for the illustrative example to verify the proposed procedure. It is shown that the attenuation motions and the stochastic Hopf bifurcation of two oscillators and the stochastic Hopf bifurcation of a single oscillator may occur in the system for some system‘s parameters. Therefore, one can see that the numerical results are consistent with the theoretical predictions.     

带有相依重尾冲击的Poisson噪音过程尾的一致渐近性质

本文考虑了带有某种相依重尾冲击的Poisson噪音过程尾的一致渐近性质.当冲击是二元上尾渐近独立的非负随机变量具有长尾和控制变化尾分布且噪音函数具有正的上下界时,得到了过程尾概率的一致渐近公式.进而,当冲击具有连续的一致变化尾分布时,去除了噪音函数具有正的下界的限制.对于噪音函数不一定具有正的上界的情形,当冲击具有两两负象限相依结构时,也得到了一致渐近性结果.     

基于微波频差转换的光学拍频研究

光学拍频是大学物理和光学实验教学中的重要内容.由于激光器存在中心波长漂移问题,实验中不易产生可观测的拍频信号.受到微波光子技术中微波波段和光波波段相互作用机理的启发,提出了基于微波频差转换的光学拍频方法.借助强度调制和相位调制将两个频差较小的微波信号调制到同一光载波上,结合光学滤波器获得了两个频差极小的稳定光信号,利用光电探测器实现光学拍频,从仿真和实验两个层面分别获得了可视化的低频拍频信号.该研究为大学物理和光学实验提供了与科学前沿相结合的实验方案,可拓展教学内容和教学深度,有利于培养学生的科学素养.     

不同管径的Y形微燃烧器内氢气-空气非预混燃烧的火焰传播特性

实验研究了内径分别为1 mm、2 mm和3 mm,水平通道长度为200 mm的Y形微燃烧器内氢气/空气扩散燃烧的火焰传播特性。首先,d=2 mm的燃烧器内的火焰传播模式最为丰富。其次,当燃烧器管径较大时,火焰更容易因扰动而发出噪音。在d=2和3 mm的燃烧器内能观察到两个阶段的噪音,而当d=1 mm时只有一个阶段的噪音。d=2 mm的燃烧器内平均火焰传播速度最小。而且,随着管径的增大,边界火焰更长。值得注意的是,在d=1 mm的燃烧器内,实验观察到了移动的"火焰街"。最后,基于系统的实验观察绘制了八种火焰传播模式的分布图。总之,本文不仅揭示了火焰传播特性与运行参数和尺度效应之间的关系,而且能为Y形微燃烧器的设计和运行提供指导。     

噪音信号对夜间对流层臭氧探测准确度的影响

本文探讨在背景噪音影响下,差分吸收激光雷达测量臭氧的不确定性:背景噪音对臭氧浓度廓线的影响正比于背景噪音强度、强吸收波长和弱吸收波长的回波信号强度比,理论计算结果表明:合适的回波信号强度比可以使激光雷达背景信号对夜间臭氧探测浓度的影响变得非常小,可以忽略不计,实验结果表明:用波长对( 280 nm,283 nm)对大气臭氧进行观测时,适当调节两波长回波信号强度比为0.96时,背景信号对臭氧浓度探测的影响小到可以忽略的程度,模拟分析和实验观测结果相接近,证实了理论推算的合理性,在背景噪音强度未知的情况下,通过调整强吸收和弱吸收两波长的激光脉冲的能量,在示渡器上得到适合的回波信号强度比值,可以抑制背景噪音信号时臭氧探测结果的影响,确保夜间臭氧测量的准确性.     

Synchronization in a Mutualism Ecosystem Induced by Noise Correlation

Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecological improvement. Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show, via theoretical analysis and direct simulation, that noise correlation can induce a synchronization of the mutualists. The time series of mutual species exhibit a chaotic-like fluctuation, which is independent of the noise correlation, however, the chaotic fluctuation of mutual species ratio decreases with the noise correlation. A quantitative parameter defined for characterizing chaotic fluctuation provides a good approach to measure when the complete synchronization happens.     

Short-Time Decoherence of Solid-State Qubit at Optimal Operation Points

We investigate the short-time decoherence of a solid-state qubit under Ohmic noise at optimal operation points. The decoherence is analyzed by maximum norm of the deviation density operator. It is shown that at the temperature T = 3 mK, the loss of the fidelity due to decoherence is much smaller than the DiVincenzo low decoherence criterion, which means that the mode/may be an optimal candidate of qubit for quantum computation.     

激光雷达信号随机误差的估算

在分析随机误差来源和激光雷达数据特点的基础上,介绍一种新的随机误差计算方法——噪音比例因子方法.该方法用一次测量数据列中远处背景信号算出噪音比例因子,再由噪音比例因子求出任一距离上有用信号的随机误差.用实测的激光雷达信号进行检验,结果表明,这种方法是可靠且可行的.     

双边带载波抑制调制载波信号馈送系统的研究

研究了基于双边带载波抑制调制的高频载波信号馈送系统的传输性能.分析了双边带载波抑制调制的原理,系统输出倍频信号的功率以及载波信号经过馈送系统后相位噪音发生劣化的原因.通过实验测量输入载波信号和输出倍频信号的功率和相位噪音验证了理论分析的正确性.结果表明,系统输出倍频信号的功率为-5.7 dBm,载波信号经过馈送系统后近端相位噪音劣化了6 dB,远端相位噪音劣化了21 dB.