水斗非定常自由水膜流三维贴体数值模拟

本研究采用水斗三维非正交贴体坐标系进行了非定常自由水膜流动的数值解析。对不规则水斗内表面采用三维非正交贴体坐标系下离散点进行拟合,推导了曲面离散点的法向矢量和曲面微元面高斯曲率、平均曲率等几何特征量的计算公式,进而导出流体粒子在运动方向上曲率计算式。在水斗三维贴体坐标系中,还推导了流体粒子在水斗曲面上的运动控制方程。最后对某水轮机水斗内表面非定常自由水膜流进行了数值模拟,得到其非定常水膜流态分布。     

红外／雷达双传感器融合目标跟踪算法

实现雷达和红外融合跟踪的基本思路是：首先提取红外成像的目标质心并将其转换到惯性坐标系：然后用最小二乘规则对红外传感器的冗余角度数据进行压缩，以产生在时间上和雷达测量对准的伪角度测量：再通过加权平均的方法分别与雷达的方位角和俯仰角测量进行融合处理，以得到同步数据融合估计。采用了由拉格朗日算法所求得的约束极值作为权系数，使用扩展的卡尔曼滤波方法设计跟踪滤波器，将基于雷达和红外融合得到的数据用于更新滤波器的目标状态。     

Probing the Microscopic Origin of Gravity via Precision Polarization and Spin Experiments

As in other parts of physics, we advocate the interaction approach: experiments ←→ (… are influenced and their importance is determined by … and vice versa) phenomenology ←→ low-energy effective (field) theory ←→ microscopic theory to probe the microscopic origin of gravity, Using the X-g phenomenological framework, we discuss the tests of equivalence principles. The only experimentally unconstrained degree of freedom is the axion freedom. It has effects on the long-range astrophysical/cosmological propagation of electromagnetic waves and can be tested/measured using the future generation of polarization measurement of cosmic background radiation.The verification or refutal of this axionic effect will be a crucial step for constructing an effective theory and probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interaction of spin with gravity is another important clue for probing the microscopic origin of gravity. The interplay of experiments, phenomenology and effective theory are expounded. An ideal way to reveal the microscopic origin of gravity is to measure the gyrogravitational ratio of particles, Three potential experimental methods are considered.     

对《理论力学教程》中两个问题的讨论

讨论了周衍柏先生所著《理论力学教程》中的两个问题,强调了对平动参照系问题中有关概念的理解.     

从一道运动学题目的求解谈坐标系选取的重要性

通过比较一道典型运动学题目的近似求解方法与精确求解方法，探讨坐标系选取对研究曲线运动的重要性．     

塔列朗（Talleyrand,1754-1838）法国改革家（Reformer,France）

1790年塔列朗任法国议员，提议改革度量衡制度。获得通过。法国科学院组成了计量改革委员会，成员有拉格朗日、拉普拉斯等。次年，委员会提议以经过巴黎的子午线自北极全赤道段的1000万分之一为长度的基本单位。定名为米（m）；并定义1立方分米（dm^3）的水在摄氏4度下的真空中的重量为1千克（kg）。在拉格朗日的坚持下选择了10进制（当时很多人主张用12进制）。     

经纬仪逆光布站方案研究

在航天测试、常规试验中经常用到大型经纬仪，由于相对于地球上某个定点，随着时间季节的变化，太阳相对经纬仪的位置角也时刻在变化，经常会造成设备在逆光情况下工作，数据无法录取。本文根据相关天文知识，用最简单的方法，可以精确地自出太阳相对于地球上某一定点的角度。为参试经纬仪临时点位选择，试验发射时机的确定，提出一个科学的理论依据。     

圆锥曲线焦点弦的一个性质

笔者在利用《几何画板》探索圆锥曲线的性质时 ,发现圆锥曲线的焦点弦和准线间存在一个有趣性质 ,在此给出 ,共大家分享 .我们先看一个引理 :引理　在极坐标系中 ,设A(ρ1,θ1) ,B(ρ2 ,θ2 )是圆锥曲线 ρ=ep1 -ecosθ 上任意两点 ,则直线AB的方程为 :ρ[cos(θ1+θ22 -θ) -ecosθ1-θ22 cosθ]=epcosθ1-θ22 .证明　在极坐标系中 ,若A(ρ1,θ1) ,B(ρ2 ,θ2 ) ,则直线AB的方程是 :sin(θ1-θ2 )ρ =sin(θ1-θ)ρ2+sin(θ -θ2 )ρ1( )因为A(ρ1,θ1)、B(ρ2 ,θ2 )在圆锥曲线 ρ =ep1 -ecosθ上 ,所以 ρ1=ep1 -ecosθ1,ρ2 =ep1 -…     

SEQUENTIAL QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHODS FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH STATE CONSTRAINTS

A Kind of direct methods is presented for the solution of optimal control problems with state constraints.These methods are sequential quadratic programming methods.At every iteration a quadratic programming which is obtained by quadratic approximation to Lagrangian function and Linear approximations to constraints is solved to get a search direction for a merit function.The merit function is formulated by augmenting the Lagrangian funetion with a penalty term.A line search is carried out along the search direction to determine a step length such that the merit function is decreased.The methods presented in this paper include continuous sequential quadratic programming methods and discreate sequential quadrade programming methods.