三维双材料结构的应力奇异性分析

应用有限单元法子模型技术，对具有不同界面角的三维双材料结构的应力奇异性进行了分析。结果表明，应用子模型技术估算三维双材料结构的应力奇异性指数是有效的。然后分析了界面端线和界面端点处附近奇异性指数，得到了一些重要而有趣的结果。最后对消除三维双材料结构应力奇异性的几何条件进行了讨论。     

利用线弹簧模型计算含表面裂纹的板壳结构的复合型应力强度因子

本文将线弹簧模型推广应用于复合型应力强度因子的计算。将复合型线弹簧单元与ADINA程序相联接,便得到分析复杂结构物(特别是诸如管节点一类的空间相贯体结构)中所含表面裂纹的复合型应力强度因子程序。算例表明:该方法具有较高的计算效率而又能满足工程分析的精度要求。     

软夹硬力学不均匀焊接接头疲劳裂纹闭合行为的实验研究

力学性能不均匀是焊接接头的三大待征之一，本文采用柔度法研究了不同硬夹层宽度的软夹硬力学不均匀焊接接头疲劳裂纹的闭俣行为。研究结果表明，裂纹尖端附近软区的局部屈服在疲劳载荷卸载过程中促使裂纹闭合。随着硬夹层宽度的减小，这一影响越来越明显。     

岩石节理粗糙面的分形几何特性与剪切强度关系的实验研究

自然形成的岩石节理面的表面形状具有分形特性，利用分形理论来描述岩石节理的粗糙特性，并确立与岩石节理面的剪切力学特性间的关系对于指导岩体工程设计，和管理具有重要一研究利用开发设计的三维激光测距仪在精确测定岩石节理面的表面形状４ 基础上，依据变量图法建立了 岩石节理面的     

黄土构造节理研究及其应用

作者发现大量不同力学性质的黄土构造节理后，识别了它们的区域性、系统性特征；认定其两组扭裂面代表新构造应力场最大剪切应力方向，利用黄土构造节理系及由其控制的土层沟槽网络恢复了相应地区Q3-4构造应力场；提出构造节理是黄土区地下水运移的主要通道和赋存的场所；发现构造节理是黄土区地裂缝、滑坡、崩塌和水土流失等地质灾害的构造基础之一，证实构造节理是黄土地层的软弱面，风化和继之而来的应力侵蚀就由此开始，进而逐步塑造黄土碟、穴、井、桥、柱、墙、沟等潜蚀地貌和部分侵蚀地貌。研究黄土构造节理对恢复新构造应力场、帮助预测地裂乃至地震活动、控制水土流失和滑塌灾害、进行工程乃至区域稳定性评价、重新认识黄土潜蚀地貌发育规律、指导干旱半干旱黄土区找水，既有理论意义又有实际意义。     

High frequency circular translation pin-on-disc wear testing of UHMWPE using a ball-on-flat contact along a hypotrochoidal track

To intensify experimental research within the field of orthopaedic tribology, a three-station, dual motion, high frequency (25.3 Hz) circular translation pin-on-disc wear test device was recently introduced. In the present study, the pins were CoCr with a spherical, polished bearing surface of 28 mm radius, whereas the flat discs were conventional UHMWPE. This configuration was intended to simulate the wear mechanisms of total knee prostheses. The number of wear cycles run was as high as 200 million. The mean wear rate was 0.35 mg per one million cycles (0.77 mg/24 h) which corresponded to a mean wear factor of 3.5 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/Nm. The study provided further proof that a wear test for orthopaedic implant materials can be accelerated by substantially increasing the cycle frequency, provided that the sliding velocity remains close to the values obtained from biomechanical studies. Hence, the moderate frictional heating will not lead to unrealistic wear mechanisms.     

Employment of Carbon Nanomaterials for Welding Polyethylene Joints with a Nd:YAG Laser

Single-lap polymeric joints can be obtained using laser welding overlapping two polymeric sheets, with one laser transparent and the other laser adsorbent. In this study we employed crystalline carbon nanomaterials (in amounts of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%) as filler to enhance the absorption of polyethylene (UHMWPE type). A Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm was used as a power source to make the welded joints. Morphological, mechanical, and calorimetrical tests were carried out to study the strength of the joints made. Serious attention was paid to find the best compromise between exposure time to laser light and filler amount. We found that in the optimal conditions (with 0.2 wt.% filler and 60 s exposure time) the joint exhibits a good shear strength with a regular welded area. In fact, the best conditions guarantee proper absorption power of the laser light and deep interpenetration of the chains between the two polymeric sheets without any damage.     

On the Iwan models for lap-type bolted joints

The paper presents mathematical modeling of the non-linear constitutive relation for bolted joints in the framework of the Kragelsky-Demkin theory of rough contact. It is shown that this approach, which maintains the tribology-related features of bolted joint interfaces, leads to a singular Iwan distribution density. In particular, we show that the Iwan density is expressed in terms of the height distribution density of the surface asperities, whereas its singular exponent is determined by the shape exponent of the surface asperities. Following this, constitutive relations for lap joints and the corresponding backbone (force-deflection) curves are obtained. Finally, Masing's hypothesis is applied and Goodman's relation for energy dissipation is recovered in order to describe the effects of cyclic loading. The two cases of a rough surface in contact with a flat surface and of two contacting rough surfaces are treated separately.     

Shock wave working of high-T c materials

Abstract

The properties of high T_c-ceramics (Y-123, Bi-1112, Bi-4334, Bi-4457, (Bi-Pb)-4457) under shock loading and subsequent heat treatment were investigated. The peculiarities of their structure, tecture creation, changes of superconductivity parameters depending on loading conditions at P～ 10GPa Were revealed, and regimes of heat treatment were determined. The possibilities of obtaining crack-free cylindrical superconducting shields as well as strong metal high-T^cceramic joints were demonstrated.     

焊接接头热影响区表面裂纹疲劳扩展速率

给出了数据处理的方法，通过对试验数据的分析，给出了裂纹扩展速率与ΔK的关系，为油田的安全生产提供了依据。