某软土深基坑工程时间效应有限元分析

软土地区的深基坑因土体的固结作用和流变性而具有了时间效应。本文以Biot固结有限元法为基础,用三元件模型中的第一个线性弹簧模拟固结作用,弹性模量考虑了开挖应力路径和应力历史的影响;另外一部分(KELVIN模型)来模拟土体的流变性,以实际变形的反演来得到两个参数的大致取值,再对基坑的变形情况以及进一步开挖进行分析。假定为正常固结饱和粘土,平面应变问题。通过对某饱和软粘土地基深基坑开挖工程实例的分析,得到的挡墙水平位移曲线与实测曲线很吻合,表明程序较好地反映出基坑的时间效应。     

水泥与生石灰处理吹填土对比试验研究

吹填土是由水力吹填形成的,颗粒很细,固结性能差,吹填以后要经过很长时间才能自然沉积固结,待表面形成硬壳后方可进行加固处理,因此,缩短沉积固结时间,使吹填土尽快地从泥浆状态转变为具有一定承载力的地基,是亟待解决的问题。在室内进行模拟加固方法的沉降柱试验,对吹填土加添固化剂以加速其沉积固结。固化剂主要选用水泥和生石灰,对两种添加方式的机理及固结效果进行详尽的分析和研究,初步找出加固效果产生差异的原因,从而揭示其固化机理,为吹填土地基的加固提供一种更加经济可行的方法。     

长江河口滨海地区冲填土对地面沉降效应——以上海市临港新城为例

长江河口滨海地区广泛分布有大量的冲填土,由于其形成时间短,具有欠固结特性,因此对地面沉降影响较大。本文首先阐述上海市临港新城区冲填土分布特征,并按其填料不同将其分类后计算出不同种类冲填土大面积堆载所引起下部土层的地面沉降量和冲填土本身固结产生的沉降量,并与总的地面沉降量相比较,得出结论,并对进一步开展工作提出建议。     

Hard magnetic properties of anisotropic Sm-Fe-N magnets produced by compression shearing method

Anisotropic Sm-Fe-N bulk magnets were produced by the compression shearing method using a hardened steel plate and a tungsten-carbide (WC) plate. It was found that the magnets retained the original Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃ phase structure without any appreciable decomposition of the Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃ phase. The anisotropic Sm-Fe-N bulk magnet produced using a WC plate had a higher density and higher crystallographic alignment of the Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃ phase than that produced using a hardened steel plate, and exhibited high maximum energy products of 228 kJ/m³ with a high coercivity of 0.88 MA/m.     

On appearance of “cold” layer in explosive consolidation of powders

Abstract. Numerical modeling of explosive consolidation of powders under two-dimensional conditions has been performed. Various regimes of flow depending on detonation velocity have been considered. The appearance of “cold” layer during explosive consolidation of powders has been studied by calculations. Received 12 July 1999 / Accepted 27 April 2000     

How fragile is consolidated knowledge?: Ben's comparisons of infinite sets

This article builds on two previous ones in which we presented the processes of construction and consolidation of one student's knowledge structures about comparisons of infinite sets, according to a recently proposed theory of abstraction. In the present article, we show that under slight variations of context, knowledge structures that have apparently been well-consolidated may become inactive and subordinate to more primitive ones.     

Consolidation around a borehole embedded in media with double porosity under release of geostatic stresses

The paper deals with the stress, displacement, pore and fissure pressures fields induced by the drilling and/or the pressurization of a vertical borehole in a formation of water-saturated porous media with double porosity. The solution includes the boundary condition of non-hydrostatic in situ state of stress. The solid skeleton is assumed to behave as a linearly poroelastic material with compressible constituents. The analytical solution is derived in Laplace’s space and transformed to the time domain using a numerical inversion technique. The histories of pore and fissure pressures are illustrated to show the influence of permeabilities of the pore and fissure systems.     

Subsidence above volumetric and waterdrive gas reservoirs

A fully coupled consolidation model has been developed for the simulation of the surface subsidence above gas reservoirs. The model is based on the Biot Theory and the material balance equation for hydrocarbon reservoirs. The model is extremely versatile and can handle such complex situations as vertical cross-sections where several gas reservoirs and aquifers are exploited at different levels. Computer runs were used to generate several reservoir formation profiles and the surface subsidence bowl for a variety of conditions. These results indicate the importance of various parameters which are disregarded in proelasticity models.     

真空预压软基处理沉降监测分析

在天津滨海新区某真空预压处理现场进行了地面沉降和分层沉降监测,地面沉降总量80～160mm左右,由工前沉降和施工沉降组成;分层沉降监测资料揭示了沉降量主要产生在吹填土和海相沉积软弱地层中,而且埋设分层沉降观测设施在软弱地层形成的扰动带,会产生难以避免的误差。由于塑料排水带的存在,增加了真空预压场地中软土的渗透性,通过理论推导和具体算例,提出了利用沉降观测资料计算土体固结度需考虑其瞬时沉降,建议计算采用地基处理手册相关公式为宜。     

Advanced polymeric composites via commingling for critical engineering applications

The commingled technology is one of the most effective and alternative methodologies for producing more sustainable as well as uniformly distributed natural fiber reinforced composite without inflecting the shearing strength on yarns or reinforcing natural fiber. The term commingled encompasses the materials consisting of both polymer matrix and reinforcing materials over the same fabric cross-section used for the production of highly flexible, continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic prepregs. Nonetheless, the increased pathlength and high melt viscosity around 500–5000 Pa s of the molten thermoplastic makes the processing more difficult compared with other thermoset plastic (usually 100 Pa s). Where the commingled hybrid yarns can be considered as one of the promising preforms employed for long fiber reinforced composite because of low cost, ease of storage and manipulation, excellent flexibility, molding capacity, reduced pressure consolidation as well as impregnation time while processing and the ability to form complex-shaped reinforced composite parts. The parameters that affect the process of commingling controls the consolidation of hybrid yarns thermoplastic composite; the degree of commingling depends on the pressure, temperature, and production speed during a fixed period. Recently commingled thermoplastic composite has become one of the possible destines for a wide array of applications in aircrafts, automotive, and sporting goods. This paper reviews types of commingled plastic composite, various processing routes, and the influence of the processing parameters, their properties, and their application. The manufacturing and development of hybrid yarns through air-jet texturing, intermingling process, are also discussed concerning the attributes of advanced composites.