用于液体激光介质的Nd~(3+)离子掺杂氟化镧纳米颗粒的制备与性能表征

设计并合成了掺杂不同Nd3+离子浓度的氟化镧纳米颗粒,并用油酸进行了表面修饰,使得这类纳米颗粒可分散于常见的有机溶剂中形成透明、均一、稳定的溶液。对纳米颗粒的结构、晶相以及发光性能进行了表征。固体和溶液材料在1 060 nm都有强的发射峰,说明纳米晶格可有效地保护Nd3+离子免受外界环境对发光的猝灭影响。纳米颗粒有机溶液的吸收损耗和散射损耗测试结果表明,其总损耗系数能够满足激光介质材料的损耗要求,为该材料的实用化打下了基础。     

共沉淀法制备六方相ITO纳米粉体及其光电性能

以金属In、SnCl_4·5H_2O为原料、尿素为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法加入(NH_4)_2SO_4,制备出六方相ITO纳米粉体。通过XRD、TEM、四探针电阻仪、荧光光谱仪以及XPS,研究了ITO粉体的晶型、颗粒形貌、电性能以及光性能。结果表明:加入(NH_4)_2SO_4后,ITO粉体形貌由类菱面体和类球形混合体转变为类球形;不加(NH_4)_2SO_4时晶型为立方相结构,当(NH_4)_2SO_4与铟的物质的量之比为1∶3.45和1∶1.73时粉体晶型转变为六方相结构,继续添加(NH_4)_2SO_4晶型又转变为立方相结构。立方相ITO粉体的电阻率较低为0.64Ω·cm,六方相ITO粉体在相同激发波长下,发射光强度相对较高。     

碲铋渣中铋的测定

讨论了在pH=9.4～10.0的氨性溶液中,利用Fe3+与Te4+、Bi3+生成三元共沉淀物,分离其它杂质,然后用KOH溶解Te,从而达到Te,Bi分离的目的。在pH=1.5～1.7的溶液中,利用抗坏血酸掩蔽铁,以硫脲-PAR作为指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液滴定Bi。当n=6时,相对标准偏差为0.4%,回收率为98.53%～102.2%,方法准确、可靠。     

大比表面积钛黑颜料的制备和表征

本文首次通过pH值控制沉淀法制备前驱物丁二酸钛肼复盐,并进一步热分解制备大比表面积钛黑颜料-黑色钛氧化物。通过比表面积(BET)、电子能谱(EDS)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(HRSEM)、物理吸附仪、激光粒度仪和Color i5型台式分光测色仪对黑色钛氧化物进行了表征,确定了黑色钛氧化物的组成为2TiO2·Ti2O3,其表面积为53.854 4 m2·g-1。并考察了酸源、水合肼用量、酸钛比、反应时间、pH、NaOH浓度和煅烧温度等各种反应参数对黑色钛氧化物的颗粒尺寸、分布均匀性和黑色度的影响。用元素分析仪和等离子体光谱仪测定了前驱物组成,确定其组成为[Ti(C4H4O4)2]0.85·2Ti2O3·6N2H4·3H2O,并探讨了黑色钛氧化物形成机理,为新型混合价材料黑色钛氧化物的制备提供重要参考依据。     

高稳定性水系锌离子电池正极材料MnO2@MgO的制备与性能

采用共沉淀法和热分解法合成了具有核壳结构的MnO2@MgO微球。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对材料进行表征,结果发现包覆MgO不改变MnO2的结构,包覆层由纳米颗粒组成,厚度约为50 nm。电化学性能结果显示,包覆后材料的放电比容量明显提高,在100 mA·g^-1电流密度下,最大放电比容量为274.3 mAh·g^-1,比未包覆材料提高了12.8%。在1000 mA·g^-1电流密度下经过500次循环后,包覆后材料的放电比容量保持率高达84.1%,表现出优异的循环稳定性。MgO包覆层的存在避免了MnO2与电解液之间直接接触,抑制了电极材料在充放电过程中锰的溶解,从而显著提高MnO2的循环性能。     

Comparative study of structural and magnetic properties of NiZnCu ferrite powders prepared via chemical coprecipitation method with different coprecipitators

We prepared NiZnCu ferrite powders with nominal composition Ni_0.4−xZn_0.6Cu_xFe₂O₄ (x=0-0.2) via chemical coprecipitation method with NaOH and Na₂CO₃ as coprecipitators. The structural and magnetic properties of these compounds were studied and compared. It is found that all the specimens exhibit single-phase structure after annealing. The saturation magnetization of specimens with NaOH as coprecipitator is lower than that with Na₂CO₃ as coprecipitator. It is also found that the growth of grains is hindered for specimens using Na₂CO₃ as coprecipitator.     

共沉淀-气固法合成Sm2Ti2S2O5催化剂及可见光制氢性能

用一种改进的共沉淀-气固反应法制备了Sm2Ti2S2O5光催化剂.通过紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射、X射线衍射(XRD)对催化剂进行了表征.以甲酸为电子给体,考察了光催化剂在可见光照射下的制氧活性.研究结果表明,相对于传统的高温固相反应来说,用改进的共沉淀-气固反应法制备Sm2Ti2S2O5,能有效地降低反应温度,...     

Inorganic arsenic speciation in various water samples with GFAAS using coprecipitation

A simple, economic and sensitive method for selective determination of As(III) and As(V) in water samples is described. The method is based on selective coprecipitation of As(III) with Ce(IV) hydroxide in presence of an ammonia/ammonium buffer at pH 9. The coprecipitant was collected on a 0.45 µm membrane filter, dissolved with 0.5 mL of conc. nitric acid and the solution was completed to 2 or 5 mL with distilled water. As(III) in the final solutions was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Under the working condition, As(V) was not coprecipitated. Total inorganic arsenic was determined after the reduction of As(V) to As(III) with NaI. The concentration of As(V) was calculated by the difference of the concentrations obtained by the above determinations. Both the determination of arsenic with GF-AAS in presence of cerium and the coprecipitation of arsenic with Ce(IV) hydroxide were optimised. The suitability of the method for determining inorganic arsenic species was checked by analysis of water samples spiked with 4–20 µg L^?1 each of As(III) and As(V). The preconcentration factor was found to be 75 with quantitative recovery (≥95%). The accuracy of the present method was controlled with a reference method based on TXRF. The relative error was under 5%. The relative standard deviations for the replicate analysis ( n?=?5) ranged from 4.3 to 8.0% for both As(III) and As(V) in the water samples. The limit of detection (3σ) for both As (III) and As(V) were 0.05 µg L^?1. The proposed method produced satisfactory results for the analysis of inorganic arsenic species in drinking water, wastewater and hot spring water samples.     

Facile room-temperature coprecipitation of uniform barium chlorapatite nanoassemblies as a host photoluminescent material

As an emerging host phosphor material, barium chlorapatite (Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl), is attracting growing attention. However, rare earth-doped Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl phosphors have mainly been obtained via high temperature-based, energy-consuming techniques. In this contribution, we developed a straightforward, facile room-temperature coprecipitation method in the presence of a specific amount of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt that provided Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl nanoparticles self-assembled to construct uniform Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl nanoassemblies (diameter: 80–120 nm) as well as rare earth Tb³⁺-doped Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl:xTb³⁺ nanophosphors. The nanoassemblies were transparent within the ultraviolet and visible spectral range. The Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl:xTb³⁺ nanophosphors exhibited four emission peaks under 228-nm excitation, and the optimal doping amount of Tb³⁺ was 4.0%. In contrast to traditional energy-consuming, high-temperature techniques, the facile room-temperature coprecipitation method developed here represents an attractive alternative route to obtain uniform Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl nanoassemblies and Ba₅(PO₄)₃Cl:xTb³⁺ nanophosphors that are candidate luminescent hosts.     

尿素共沉淀法制备纤维状羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合粉料

尿素共沉淀法制备纤维状羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合粉料;壳聚糖; 羟基磷酸钙; 尿素共沉淀