Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Cobalt Bipyridyl Complex for Sensitive Detection of Methyl Parathion in Fruits and Vegetables

Herein, we are described a green route to prepare reduced graphene oxide supported cobalt inorganic complex nanocomposite (GRGO/[Co(bpy)₃]) (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) through facile and wet chemical approach. The formation of the nanocomposite was confirmed through suitable physical and chemical characterization techniques. The GRGO/[Co(bpy)₃] nanocomposite was coated on the pretreated glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The GCE/GRGO/[Co(bpy)₃] modified electrode has excellent electrocatalytic ability towards methyl parathion reduction, while the overpotential drops drastically to –0.18 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Moreover, the effect of concentration, scan rate and electrolyte pH were detail studied. Besides, the linear response range was 0.05‐1700 μM and the detection limit was 0.0029 μM (S/N=3) and the sensitivity was 1.8197 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻². Moreover, the fabricated electrode has high level of selectivity, which delivers satisfactory repeatability, reproducibility and stability. The sensing method was successfully demonstrated in real samples such as, tomato and apple samples.     

基于巯基和聚电解质双层自组装膜的压电免疫传感器检测小鼠IgG气溶胶

本文结合自组装单分子层膜(SAMs)和聚电解质静电吸附组装技术,提出了一种新的用于气相压电免疫检测的生物分子固定化方法,研制了一种用于检测小鼠IgG抗体的压电免疫传感器。首先在石英晶片的金电极表面自组装了一层L-胱氨酸SAMs,再在膜上组装带相反电荷的海藻酸钠,最后通过调节pH值定向固定羊抗鼠纯化抗体,优化了固定条件。通过超声雾化法产生的小鼠IgG气溶胶,研制成了直接气相检测小鼠IgG的压电免疫系统。结果表明,该方法对所固定的生物分子活性影响较小,传感器对小鼠IgG的响应快,灵敏度高,在0.14~6μg.μL-1范围内具有良好的线性关系,精密度好,再生方便。     

Synthesis,characterization, and mechanism of trans-dichlorido-bis-(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) with L-cystine in the presence of chloride

Substitution reactions of trans-[CoCl₂(en)₂]Cl (where en?=?ethylenediamine) with L-cystine has been studied in 1.0?×?10^?1?mol?dm^?3 aqueous perchlorate at various temperatures (303–323?K) and pH (4.45–3.30) using UV-Vis spectrophotometer on various [Cl^?] from 0.05 to 0.01?mol?L^?1. The products have been characterized by their physico-chemical and spectroscopic data. Trans-[CoCl(en)₂(H₂O)]²⁺, from the hydrolysis of trans-[CoCl₂(en)₂]⁺ in the presence of Cl^?, formed a complex with L-cystine at all temperatures in 1?:?1 molar ratio. L-cystine is bidentate to Co(III) through Co–N and Co–S bonds. Product formation and reversible reaction rate constants have been evaluated. The rate constants for SN_i mechanism have been evaluated and activation parameters E _a, ΔH ^#, and ΔS ^# are determined.     

生物分子辅助溶剂热合成硫化锑纳米棒

以SbCl3和L-胱氨酸为反应原料,采用溶剂热法在170℃反应12h,制得硫化锑(Sb2S3)纳米棒.X射线衍射(XRD)、能量分散光谱(EDS)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究表明所得产物为典型的Sb2S3正交结构.场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究显示,Sb2S3纳米棒长为3～6μm,平均直径约为150nm.讨论了不同反应时间对Sb2S3的形成及其形貌的影响,并根据实验结果对所合成的一维纳米棒可能的形成机理进行了简单的探讨.     

微圆盘电极技术测定表面化学微加工时的约束刻蚀剂浓度分布

利用微圆盘电极技术, 测定了KBr、L-胱氨酸和硫酸组成的刻蚀溶液体系中Pt电极表面电化学氧化产生的刻蚀剂Br2浓度分布, 为约束刻蚀剂层技术(CELT)中刻蚀体系的选择和优化提供更直观的依据. GaAs表面CELT微加工实验证明了用微圆盘电极测得的表面刻蚀剂的浓度分布趋势与微加工实验所得到的结果一致     

L-胱氨酸在盐酸、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾水溶液中的稀释过程热力学

应用流动式等温精密微量热技术测定了298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15和318.15 K 5个不同温度下L-胱氨酸在一种强酸性和两种强碱性溶剂中的稀释焓. 根据改进的McMillan-Mayer理论对所测数据进行关联, 得到了表观摩尔稀释焓对浓度变化的经验方程和各级焓相互作用系数(h₂)和二阶熵相互作用系数(s₂), 根据溶质-溶质, 溶质-溶剂等弱相互作用对二阶焓、熵相互作用系数进行了讨论. 结果表明: 对在水相中胱氨酸的二阶相互作用而言, 二价阳离子比二价阴离子具有较强的介质效应; 不同温度下的二阶焓相互作用系数与温度成线性关系, 因而二阶熵相互作用系数在实验温度范围内为一常量.     

生物分子辅助低成本制备Zn0.9Cd0.1S固溶体及其高效可见光光催化制氢

如何提高光催化制氢量子产率是太阳能分解水制氢研究的重点和焦点. Zn-Cd-S固溶体因具有窄的带隙宽度及合适的导带和价带位置而显示了广阔的应用前景. 然而, 两方面的问题限制了其规模化应用: (1)往往需负载Pt, Pd, Ru和Rh等贵金属助催化剂才能获得可观的光催化性能; (2)传统合成技术通常采用硫代乙酰胺、硫脲及硫化钠等昂贵且有毒的化学试剂作硫源. 与上述硫源相比, 生物小分子L-胱氨酸分子中含有-COOH、-NH2及-SH基团, 这些基团易于与金属阳离子配位, 因此能够有效调控硫源释放S2-的速度, 硫化物的形貌、尺寸以及取向能够灵活地得到调控. 另外, 在强碱或强酸性介质中, L-胱氨酸具有良好的水溶性, 因此材料的合成可选择在水介质中, 这对光催化过程是非常关键的, 有利于改善材料在光催化反应过程中的稳定性. 基于此, 本文以经济环保的生物小分子作硫源, 制备了高效、稳定且有可见光响应的纳米硫化物光催化体系, 旨在发展环境友好、条件温和、成本低廉、操作简单和易于工业化生产的绿色制备技术, .以L-胱氨酸为硫源和结构导向剂, 采用水热合成技术在温和条件下制备了立方相结构的Zn-Cd-S固溶体光催化剂, 采用XRD, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, UV-vis及N2吸附等手段表征了其结构和形貌. 结果表明, 随Zn含量增加, 其带隙在2.11-3.19 eV间连续可调. 在可见光(λ > 420 nm)照射、无助催化剂和Na2S/Na2SO3水溶液为牺牲剂的条件下研究了其光催化制氢的性能. 其中Zn0.9Cd0.1S具有最佳的光催化活性, 其产氢速率约为4.4 mmol h -1g -1(无助催化剂, 远高于CdS), 且显示优良的稳定性及抗光腐蚀能力. 通过经验公式计算得出了其能带结构示意图, 结果表明, ZnxCd1-xS固溶体的导带和价带的位置随着Zn含量的增加而向更负的导带和更正的价带移动. 固溶体导带电位更负促进更有效的氢产生, 电位价带更正导致电荷更容易发生转移. Zn0.9Cd0.1S高的光催化活性可能归因于中等的导带边缘和最合适的带隙. 最后利用光电流及交流阻抗阐明了其光生电子-空穴对的分离及迁移机理. 与CdS相比, Zn-Cd-S固溶体的形成促进了光生载流子在界面间的传输, 抑制了其快速复合, 从而大幅度改善了光催化活性及稳定性. 该硫化物纳米晶的绿色制备技术期望可推广到其它硫化物可见光光催化体系.     

Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition Behavior of L-Cystine and Synergistic Surfactants Additives on Mild Steel in 0.1 M H2SO4

The adsorption and corrosion inhibition behavior of mild steel in 0.1 M H₂SO₄ in presence of L-cystine and L-cystine in combination with surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide at 30–60°C was investigated using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Inhibition efficiency of L-cystine is synergistically enhanced on addition of surfactants. Surface morphology of corroded steel samples was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, which further confirmed the existence of an adsorbed protective film on the mild steel surface. Calculated thermodynamic parameters reveal that adsorption process is spontaneous and obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm.     

Studies on SDLC (Sodium Dilauraminocystine) and SDMC (Sodium Dimyristaminocystine) Gemini Surfactants

The present work reports the synthesis and evaluation of surface active properties of amino acid-based gemini surfactants, namely, sodium dilauraminocystine (SDLC) and sodium dimyristaminocystine (SDMC) derived from L-cystine and fatty acids. The effect of reaction variables like molar ratio of raw materials and temperature has been studied for the synthesis of these gemini surfactants. In preparation of these gemini surfactants, fatty acids (lauric/myristic) were reacted with thionyl chloride to obtain respective acid chlorides (lauroyl/myristoyl). These acid chlorides were further reacted with L-cystine at different reaction conditions to get amino acid based-gemini surfactants. The study revealed that 1:2.5 molar ratio of reactants, namely, L-cystine and lauroyl/myristoyl chloride and 10–15° reaction temperature resulted in maximum yield of amino acid-based gemini surfactants (SDLC and SDMC). Surface active properties of synthesized gemini surfactants (SDLC and SDMC) were also compared with their corresponding monomeric units, namely, sodium lauroyl cysteine (SLC) and sodium myristoyl cysteine (SMC), respectively. The results demonstrated that gemini surfactants (SDLC and SDMC) had better surface active properties than their corresponding monomeric units. The structures of synthesized amino acid-based gemini surfactants were also confirmed by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and ESI-MS spectral data.     

NMR study of thiosulfate-assisted oxidation of L-cysteine

The reaction of L-cysteine with sodium thiosulfate in aqueous solution at pH 9 affords mainly L-cystine with noticeable amounts of L-cysteine sulfonic anion ^–O₂CCH(NH⁺)CH SO^–. NMR study revealed the formation of intermediate L-cysteine sulfenic acid and L-cysteine S-sulfite, the latter existing in two active forms ^–O₂CCH(NH₂)CH₂S(=S)O^– and ^–O CCH(NH)CH SSO^–.