球形钴酸锂的乳液法合成及其结构、性能研究

采用一种特殊乳液法, 制备了锂离子电池正极材料球形LiCoO₂. 分别研究了一次颗粒尺寸、烧结时间对于二次造粒的影响. 还对LiCoO₂球体内部的结构进行了SEM和HRTEM研究, 发现一次颗粒非常紧密地融合在一起, 晶体边界区域没有明显的非晶相区, 也没有纳米级别的孔洞、裂缝. 电化学性能研究表明, 在900 ℃烧结4 h的材料具有较高的首次放电容量(143 mAh•g^－1)和良好的循环性能     

水淬渣-累托石颗粒吸附材料的制备及应用

研究了水淬渣-累托石颗粒吸附材料制备工艺条件、再生方法及其去除铜冶炼工业废水中重金属的条件.试验结果表明,累托石与水淬渣的比例为1∶1,另加入10%的添加剂(IS)和50%的水,焙烧温度为400℃时,制成的颗粒吸附材料体积密度为1.06kg/m3,显气孔率为62.29%,吸水率为58.82%,抗压强度为2.22Mpa,吸附效果好,散失率较低.在未调节铜冶炼工业废水pH值的条件下,颗粒吸附材料用量为0.05g/cm3,反应时间为40min,吸附温度为25℃(常温)时,Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 、Cd2 、Ni2 的去除率分别为98.2%、96.3%、78.6%、86.2%、64.2%,处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准.颗粒吸附材料对Zn2 、Cu2 有很好的选择性.吸附饱和的颗粒吸附材料用1mol/L氯化钠溶液再生效果好.该颗粒吸附材料具有分离容易、可重复使用、处理效果好、应用前景广阔的优点.     

PEG聚合度对氧化铝造粒粉的性能影响

为制备适用于干压成型的氧化铝造粒粉,研究了PEG聚合度对氧化铝造粒粉微观形貌、流动性和松装密度的影响.结果表明PEG的聚合度对氧化铝浆料粘度影响显著,PEG2000-6000是较为理想的粘结剂选择,造粒粉的流动性与环境温度及湿度相关.采用正交实验设计,以造粒粉的流动性和松装密度为评价指标,对PEG聚合度、粘结剂添加量和固含量进行了优选,其影响顺序为PEG聚合度＞固含量＞粘结剂添加量.以优选参数PEG6000、添加量为4wt;、固含量为80wt;,制备了性能优良的氧化铝喷雾造粒粉.     

Size-dependent coalescence kernel in fertilizer granulation-A comparative study

Granulation is a key process in several industries like pharmaceutical, food, fertilizer, agrochemicals, etc. Population balance modeling has been used extensively for modeling agglomeration in many systems such as crystallization, aerosols, pelletisation, etc. The key parameter is the coalescence kernel, β（ij） which dictates the overall rate of coalescence as well as the effect of granule size on coalescence rate. Adetayo, Litster, Pratsinis, and Ennis （1995） studied fertilizer granulation with a broad size distribution and modeled it with a two-stage kernel. A constant kernel can be applied to those granules which coalesce successfully. The coalescence model gives conditions for two types of coalescence, Type I and II. A twostage kernel, which is necessary to model granule size distribution over a wide size distribution, is applied in the present fluidized bed spray granulation process. The first stage is size-independent and non-inertial regime, and is followed by a size-dependent stage in which collisions between particles are non-random, i.e. inertial regime. The present work is focused on the second stage kernel where the feed particles of volume i and j collide and form final granule ij instead of i ＋j （Adetayo et al., 1995） which gives a wider particle size distribution of granules than proposed earlier.     

陶瓷干法造粒过程坯料颗粒成形与雾化液含量的影响

为研究陶瓷干法造粒制粉过程坯料颗粒成形与雾化液含量的关系,基于欧拉-欧拉双流体模型模拟干法造粒制粉过程坯料颗粒与雾化液混合过程,同时对坯料颗粒流动性、颗粒级配及粗糙度进行实验分析,验证数值模拟结果正确性.仿真结果表明:当雾化液含量分别为100 mL、200 mL、300 mL时,坯料颗粒在造粒室内的分散性无明显差异,团聚现象不明显;当雾化液含量分别为400 mL、500 mL时,坯料颗粒在造粒室内的分散性有明显变化,团聚现象显著.实验结果表明:当雾化液含量分别为100 mL、200 mL、300 mL、400 mL、500 mL时,坯料颗粒的流动性指数依次为63.5;、83.0;、90.0;、77.0;、61.0;,有效坯料颗粒百分比依次为72;、83;、90;、82;、65;,粗糙度系数平均值依次为1.38、1.43、1.26、1.49、1.57.综合分析说明:数值仿真与实验结果基本相吻合,造粒过程中雾化液含量为300 mL时,干法造粒制粉过程造粒室内坯料颗粒的分散性较好,且基本无团聚现象;坯料颗粒的流动性最佳、颗粒级配最均匀、粗糙度整体最优,即造粒效果最好.     

Variation of granule mass fraction with coordination number in wet granulation process

In granulation, fine particles combine to form a coarse granule in the form of a particle matrix partially or fully saturated with a binder liquid. The final product of granulation possesses a wide variety of granule size distributions with surface mean diameters which differ with operating conditions. The final granule size depends on the operating conditions, e.g. operating gas velocity, inlet air temperature, initial feed particle size, and viscosity of the binder. The objective of this paper is to find out the uniformity in the relation between the granule mass fraction in the final granule size distribution and the number of feed particles present in the granules. The total number of granules obtained depends on the experimental conditions but the granule mass fraction and the number of feed particles forming a single granule are independent of operating variables, feed material and method of granulation. The paper purports further to compare the uniform nature of mass fraction of the granules in final granule size distribution and the primary particles required to form that particular granule size irrespective of experimental conditions of granulation.     

液相球化法合成新型正极材料磷酸钒锂

A novel cathode material lithium vanadium phosphate with the microstructure of submicro-particles aggregate was synthesized by liquid-phase sphericizing granulation. XRD pattern showed that the crystal structure of Li3V2(PO4)3 was monoclinic and belonged to P21/n space group. SEM revealed that the diameters of the particle and aggregated particle were in submicron range and about 10 滋m, respectively, with a narrowdistribution. The electrochemical testing showed that the obtained Li3V2(PO4)3 had the maximum discharge capacity of 126.67 mAh·g-1 and initial coulombic efficiency of 95.6%in the range of 3.0-4.3 V (vs Li/Li+), and 170.47mAh·g-1 and 97.5%in the range of 3.0-4.9 V (vs Li/Li+) at a density of 55.6 mA·g-1, respectively. Moreover, the material had a better cycle stability.     

乳液法制备球形锰酸锂及其影响因素

文章介绍了目前锂离子电池正极材料球形化制备的情况，对乳液法二次造粒的方法及其机理进行了初步探讨。以微波合成法制备的LiMn2O4作为一次颗粒，采用一种特殊的乳液法二次造粒，初步制备了球形LiMn2O4正极材料。对二次造粒的产物进行了SEM、XRD分析，测试了其振实密度，发现在二次造粒过程中一次颗粒有一定生长，二次颗粒球状形貌还不够理想，分析了原因，为进一步研究打下基础。     

粉煤灰/壳聚糖复合材料制备及处理含重金属工业废水的研究

研究了粉煤灰/壳聚糖制复合颗粒吸附材料的工艺条件、再生方法,并用其处理含重金属工业废水。实验结果表明,壳聚糖与粉煤灰质量比为0.08:1,乙酸浓度为4%,液固质量比为0.6:1,制成的颗粒材料吸附效果好。在未调节该废水pH值的条件下,复合颗粒吸附材料用量为0.025g/mL,吸附时间为60min,温度为25℃,Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别为99.25%、75.16%、79.33%,处理后的废水中Cu2+、Zn2+的残留浓度远低于国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准,Pb2+的残留浓度低于该标准最高允许排放值。吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温式:CCu/Q=1.3249CCu+0.1458。对Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附选择性顺序为:Cu2+Zn2+Pb2+。用1mol/LNaCl溶液对吸附饱和复合颗粒吸附材料进行再生,用其处理该废水效果仍然较好。