Difference of Directions Between External Driving Force and Movement Direction of Center of Mass

Driven dynamics of a two-dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova model is studied in the paper. In our numerical simulations, it is found that the movement direction of the center of mass is not consistent with that of the external driving force except for some special symmetric directions at the lower driving force. Our results also indicate that the movement direction of the center of mass strongly depends on both the magnitude and the direction of the external driving force as well as the misfit angle between two layers.     

Application of Two-Dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova Model to Nanotribology

The dry friction force between two contacting surface layers is studied. The upper layer is arranged on a two-dimensional square lattice and driven by an external driving force. The lower layer is approximated by a two-dimensional periodic substrate potential. This model, usually called two-dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova model, is applied to study the friction forces in this paper. The behaviors of different substrate potential strongly affect the static friction force. It is found that the system has strong anisotropic character. The possibility to obtain superlubricity is suggested.     

Effect of humidity and temperature on nano/microtribolgical properties of perfluorinated carboxylic acid and hydrogenated carboxylic acid self‐assembled monolayers deposited on aluminum‐coated silicon substrate

Two series of perfluorinated carboxylic acid (FC) and hydrogenated carboxylic acid (HC) self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) films were prepared on aluminum surfaces separately by chemical vapor deposition. The formation, structure and morphology of these films were characterized by measuring contact angle with ellipsometric method, x‐ray photoelectron spectrometry, and atomic force microscopy, respectively. FC and HC SAMs with long chains formed more densely packed films than those with short chains did. The comparative micro/nanoscale friction and adhesive properties of FC and HC SAMs, with various chain lengths on aluminum‐coated silicon substrate, were investigated. The influence of environmental conditions, such as relative humidity (RH) and temperature, on the friction and adhesion behavior was studied. Micro/nanotribological properties of the films were greatly influenced by their backbones and terminal groups. FC SAMs with long chain exhibited adhesion‐resistance, friction reduction, and environmental independence. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Difference of Directions Between External Driving Force and MovementDirection of Center of Mass

Driven dynamics of a two-dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova model is studied in the paper. In our numerical simulations, it is found that the movement direction of the center of mass is not consistent with that of the external driving force except for some special symmetric directions at the lower driving force. Our results also indicate that the movement direction of the center of mass strongly depends on both the magnitude and the direction of the external driving force as well as the misfit angle between two layers.     

摩擦——一个古老而时髦的话题

介绍了在原子力显微镜基础上发展起来的摩擦力显微镜的原理,应用摩擦力显微可以测量原子级的摩擦力,从而为从微观上理解摩擦这一最为普遍的宏观物理象奠定了基础。同时,不评述了近十年严这一分为二或理论和实验两方面的研究进展。     

原子力显微镜在纳米摩擦学中应用的进展

近年来，原子力显微镜在纳米摩擦学研究中获得了越来越广泛的应用，已经成为进行纳米摩擦学研究的重要工具之一，有力地促进了纳米摩擦学的发展．因此，对应用原子力显微镜研究纳米摩擦、纳米磨损、纳米润滑、纳米摩擦化学反应和微型机电系统的纳米表面工程等方面所取得的主要进展作了系统的综合归纳与阐述，并且提出了原子力显微镜在纳米摩擦学应用中亟待解决的几个主要问题．     

一种改进的原子力显微镜摩擦力标定方法

在传统标定AFM测力系统的楔形法基础上,通过线形加载的扫描方式,得到不同载荷下AFM针尖在平面和斜面上的切向力-位移循环曲线,并进一步计算出不同载荷下的摩擦力标定系数,进而根据该系数随载荷的变化趋势,选取高载下相对稳定的数据作为最终的标定结果.结果表明,由于改进的楔形法全面考察了摩擦力标定系数随载荷的变化趋势,避免了低载标定所引入的误差,标定结果更合理.     

Kinetics and dynamics of frictional stick-slip in mesoscopic boundary lubrication

The kinetics and dynamics of frictional stick-slip motion of a slider of size extending from mesoscopic upward is analyzed within the framework of a multi-contact, earthquake-like model. The microscopic contacts are characterized by a distribution of static thresholds for individual breaking. The condition for an overall elastic instability leading to stick-slip sliding are derived and details of the slip motion are studied theoretically. The crucial model parameters emerging from this analysis include the delay time for each micro-contact to reform after breaking, the strength of elastic interaction between the contacts, the elasticity of contacts and of the slider, and the distribution of static thresholds for their breaking. The dynamics is also studied with the help of a scaling procedure. As a prototype application, we adopt parameters appropriate to describe recent surface force apparatus (SFA) boundary lubrication experiments. Despite suggestions of extremely large lubricant viscosities, the experimental data are shown to be fully compatible with ordinary, bulk-like viscosity values once the multi-contact aspects are taken into account.