激光除冰研究

架空输送电线路因覆冰而导致的事故危害性很大,本文总结了目前国内外输电线路导线覆冰的现状。统计国内外探索出来的各种预防,融化,除冰等很多解决方案。通过研究和探讨,分析导线覆冰的传热和能量,运用了多种激光器进行激光熔(除)冰实验,比较研究二氧化碳激光器的除冰情况。以及提出激光熔冰的方法、研究方向和前景。     

Volumetric and infrared measurements on amorphous ice structure

We have simultaneously used adsorption isotherm volumetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in order to take the investigations on amorphous ice structure a step further, especially concerning porosity and annealing-induced modifications. We have studied surface reorganization during annealing and found that the number of surface sites decreases before crystallization, their relative ratios being different for amorphous and crystalline ice. We also present results confirming that ice can have a large specific surface area and nevertheless be non-microporous.     

Weighted oscillator strengths and lifetimes for the S IX and S X spectra

The weighted oscillator strengths (gf) and the lifetimes presented in this work were carried out in a multi configuration Hartree-Fock relativistic (HFR) approach. In this calculation, the electrostatic parameters were optimized by a least-squares procedure, in order to improve the adjustment to experimental energy levels. This method produces gf-values that are in better agreement with intensity observations and lifetime values that are closer to the experimental ones. In this work, we presented all the experimentally known electric dipole S IX and S X spectral lines.     

Nonlinear Energy Transfer over the Wave Spectrum in Water Covered by Solid Ice

On the basis of the hydrodynamic equations for nonlinear elastic-gravity waves beneath a solid ice cover and their Hamiltonian representation, a three-wave kinetic equation for the time evolution of the wave spectrum is formulated. The properties of the kernel of the kinetic integral describing the nonlinear interactions between wave triplets are investigated. An algorithm for numerically calculating the kinetic integral is developed. The rate of nonlinear energy transfer over the wave spectrum is estimated quantitatively and its most important characteristics are found.     

Effect of a Shock Pulse on a Floating Ice Sheet

The vibrations of a viscoelastic plate lying on an elastic liquid base subjected to pulse loading have been studied theoretically and experimentally. The effect of the variable depth of the reservoir, plate thickness, and strain relaxation time on the value of the plate vibration amplitude and the length and curvature of the flexural gravity wave profile are analyzed. Good agreement of theoretical and experimental results is obtained.     

Comparison of the Dynamics of Water Molecules in Crystals of Proton-Ordered Ice IX and Its Proton-Disordered Analog III

A computer simulation of proton-ordered ice IX and its proton-disordered analog III (768 molecules, 90 K) was carried out by the molecular dynamics method using Poltev–Malenkov's potential. For ice IX, the differences in the dynamic characteristics of molecules with O(1) and O(2) are much wider than those in the case of ice III. The libration spectrum of ice IX has a number of distinct acute peaks, and the spectrum of ice III is strongly smoothed. These peculiarities are explained by the proton ordering of ice IX and disordering of ice III. The latter is responsible for the great differences in the short- and especially long-range environment of water molecules in ice crystals and hence for the presence of many molecules with different dynamic characteristics. Thus averaging over a large number of different vibrational spectra of molecules leads to a smoothed total spectrum in the case of the proton-disordered crystal modification of ice.     

Reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography of hematoporphyrin and its nickel,copper and zinc complexes

Summary The thin-layer chromatographic mobility of hematoporphyrin IX (Hp) and its metal complexes on octyl (C₈)- or octadecyl (C₁₈)-bonded silica gel plate is described. The mobility order for those compounds is regular on both kinds of plate with various compositions of methanol-phosphate buffer mixtures as the developing solvents; thus, Cu-complex < Ni-complex < Hp (free acid) < Zn-complex. The combination of a C₁₈-plate with an 85∶15 (vol/vol) mixture of methanol and phosphate buffer (pH 3) is recommended for the successful separation of these four compounds.     

The crystallographic structure of the natural air-hydrate in Greenland dye-3 deep ice core

We have carried out X-ray diffraction studies on single crystals of natural air-hydrate in deep ice cores recovered at Dye-3 Greenland. Integrated intensities for 470 diffracting planes were measured by an automated four-circle diffractometer. The space group determined is cubicFd3m and the lattice constant is 17.21(3) Å. These results indicate that the crystallographic structure is the Stackelberg's structure II, in contrast to the previously anticipated structure. This finding agrees with the recent results on the synthetic air-hydrate by Davidsonet al. It was also found by difference Fourier synthesis for guest molecules that electron density in a 16-hedral cage has multiple maxima displaced from the center of the cage while that in the 12-hedron was approximately spherical.Dedicated to Dr D. W. Davidson in honor of his great contributions to the sciences of inclusion phenomena.     

THE COMPARISON OF LANZHOU LOESS PROFILE WITH VOSTOK ICE CORE IN ANTARCTICA OVER THE LAST GLACIATION CYCLE

Loess near Lanzhou in the late Pleistocene is very sensitive to climatic fluctuations. The Beiyuan terrace profile in Linxia City, of which the curve of susceptibility tallies with the trend of isotopic curves of Vostok 2083 m ice core in Antarctica, is 35m thick. There are five layers of paleosols under Malan loess(L_1). Upper three layers (S_(1-a),S(1-b)and S_(1-c) correspond to three warm stages in last interglaciation, Interstadial of Last Glacial (C stage in Antarctic ice core)was clearly recorded in the Beiyuan profile, in which three layers of paleosols and two of loess were formed. The lowest section of the profile belongs to penultimate glaciation, in which fossils of cold-drought-resistant mammal and mollusc have been discovered.