固相萃取/超高效液相色谱法测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷与黄芩苷

建立了一种快速测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷和黄芩苷3种有效成分的超高效液相色谱方法。样品经50%甲醇提取,C18固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化后,采用Ultimate XB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。考察了不同规格色谱柱、流动相梯度比例、进样体积、柱温和流速对分离效果的影响,并对SPE柱流出液的平衡体积进一步考察,在最佳分析条件下进行液相色谱分析,该方法显示了良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8),其定量下限(LOQ)为0.24～0.44 mg/L,加标回收率为95%～99%。该方法快速、准确,可满足实际检测需要。     

Simultaneous determination of geniposide and its metabolites genipin and genipinine in culture of Aspergillus niger by HPLC

When cultivated with Aspergillus niger, geniposide, an important drug, is transformed into genipin and genipinine. A simple and rapid HPLC method for simultaneous determination of geniposide and its two metabolites in broth of A. niger is described. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 ODS column (250 x 4.6 mm) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile as the gradient mixtures. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, the detection wavelength was 238 nm and the column temperature was kept at 28 degrees C. The retention times of geniposide, genipin and genipinine were 10.9, 13.8 and 21.5 min, respectively. The mean absolute recoveries of three analysts were over 98%. Quantification limits were 0.01 microg/mL for geniposide and 0.02 microg/mL for the two metabolites. The method was applied for the quantification of geniposide, genipin and genipinine during fermentation and the evaluation of the bioavailabilities of these three compounds in Caco-2 monolayer.     

HPLC method for the determination and pharmacokinetic studies on geniposide in rat serum after oral administration of traditional Chinese medicinal preparation Yin-Zhi-Ku decoction

A new HPLC method for the determination of geniposide in rat serum with solid-phase extraction (SPE) for preconcentration is described. Geniposide and an internal standard (paeoniflorin) were extracted from serum by SPE using C18 cartridges. Analysis of the extract was then performed on a reversed-phase C18 column using acetonitrile-water (16:84, v/v) as the eluting solvent system, and UV detection at 238 nm was used to measure the analyte with a limit of quantitation about 0.1 microg/mL. The calibration curve for geniposide was linear (r = 0.9993) in the concentration range 0.1-16.0 microg/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision of the geniposide were determined and their RSD did not exceed 10%. The validated method has been successfully applied for pharmacokinetic studies of geniposide from rat serum after oral administration of Yin-Zhi-Ku decoction.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法同时测定清热解毒口服液中的5种有效成分

建立了同时测定清热解毒口服液中的绿原酸、栀子苷、黄芩苷、连翘苷和靛玉红5种有效成分的高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离质谱（HPLC-ESI/MS）分析方法。采用Zorbax SB C18色谱柱,以含0.2%甲酸的0.4 mmol/L醋酸钠(A相)、乙腈(B相)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在ESI正离子模式下,采用选择离子监测方法进行测定,用峰面积进行定量。结果表明,绿原酸、栀子苷、黄芩苷、连翘苷和靛玉红的线性范围分别为0.050～50 mg/L,0.020～20 mg/L,0.005～30 mg/L,0.010～15 mg/L和0.010～10 mg/L;检出限分别为0.010,0.005,0.001,0.002和0.003 mg/L。5种成分的加样回收率为97.0%～101.7%,相对标准偏差小于2.2%。该法快捷、准确、重复性好,可用于清热解毒口服液中的5种有效成分含量的同时测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定新雪颗粒中栀子苷的含量

建立了新雪颗粒中栀子苷含量的高效液相色谱测定方法。色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(200 mm×4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm), 流动相为乙腈-水(体积比为15∶85),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长238 nm,进样量20 μL。栀子苷在25~400 mg/L时其浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,方法平均回收率为101.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6％。     

栀子苷在乙腈水体系中诱导相分离分配行为

研究了栀子乙腈水提取液中的栀子苷在诱导相分离后在两相中的分配行为,建立了乙腈/水分相体系分离纯化栀子苷的新方法。 重点考察了能使乙腈/水体系分相的诱导剂的种类,分析了诱导剂的组成比例以及用量、乙腈的体积分数、样品加入量和温度对栀子苷分配行为的影响。 当温度为25 ℃时,栀子的乙腈/水（体积比1∶1）提取液中加入KCl与MgSO4组成的混盐（质量比2∶1）分相诱导剂后,栀子苷的萃取率达到81.63%,含量由分相前的3.05%提高至13.54%。     

A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of geniposide and its active metabolite genipin in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

Genipin (GP), an active metabolite of geniposide (GE), exhibits more potent pharmacological effects than its parent compound. In this paper, a sensitive LC‐MS/MS method was developed and fully validated for the simultaneous determination of GE and GP in rat plasma. We found that GP degraded rapidly in rat plasma at room temperature as a result of irreversible binding with the endogenous nucleophiles in plasma. GP was stable when the sample's pH was ≤4.0. The degradation of GP in rat plasma was well prevented by immediate addition of 5% glacial acetic acid to the freshly collected plasma. The detection was performed on a tandem mass spectrometer coupled with electrospray ionization source in negative mode. Quantification was conducted by multiple reaction monitoring of the transitions [M + CH₃COO]⁻ m/z 447.3 → 225.3 for GE and [M − H]⁻ m/z 225.2 → 123.1 for GP. The method exhibited high sensitivity (LLOQ 1 ng/mL for GE and 0.2 ng/mL for GP) by selecting the acetate adduct ions as the precursor ions for GE. The robust developed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of GE.     

UHPLC–MS/MS analysis of sphingosine 1‐phosphate in joint cavity dialysate and hemodialysis solution of adjuvant arthritis rats: Application to geniposide pharmacodynamic study

Geniposide (GE) is an iridoid glycoside compound with anti‐inflammatory effect. The potential of sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) as a plasma marker in human diseases was suggested recently in the literature, which demonstrated that, in patients with inflammatory diseases, plasma S1P was elevated. It follows that the obstructive coronary artery disease can be predicted with serum S1P. Therefore, S1P can also be potentially used as a pharmacodynamic marker to study adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats. In the current study, a UHPLC–MS/MS method combined with the microdialysis sampling technique (using FTY720 phosphate as an internal standard) was adopted and validated to measure S1P levels in the hemodialysis fluid and joint cavity dialysates of AA rats after oral administration of GE. A S1P concentration–time curve in the dialysate was established in this study. It was demonstrated that GE exerted an anti‐inflammatory effect by reducing AA‐induced elevated S1P levels. It is showed that changes in S1P concentrations over time can be used to monitor the pharmacodynamic effects of GE in treating AA rats in pharmacodynamic studies.     

加压毛细管电色谱在芎菊上清片中栀子苷及黄芩苷分离检测中的应用

采用加压毛细管反相电色谱技术,建立了一种用于分离检测芎菊上清片中栀子苷和黄芩苷的高效简便新方法。色谱柱为EP-100-20/45-3 C18毛细管柱(总长度45 cm,有效长度20 cm,直径为100μm,ODS填料内径3μm),柱温为25℃,流动相采用20 mmol/L Na H2PO4-乙腈(71∶29),流动相的总流速为0.035m L/min,分离电压为+2.0 k V,检测波长为240 nm。经等度洗脱,栀子苷和黄芩苷可实现快速分离,峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于2.8%,回收率为91.9%~101.2%,测得该芎菊上清片中栀子苷的含量为2.616 mg/g,黄芩苷的含量为11.220 mg/g。该方法的选择性好、柱效高、试剂用量少,用于芎菊上清片中黄芩苷和栀子苷的分离检测,结果满意。