Electrodeposition of nanocrystalline zinc from acidic sulfate solutions containing thiourea and benzalacetone as additives

Nanocrystalline zinc coatings were produced by pulse electrodeposition in acid sulfate bath containing thiourea and benzalacetone additives and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The influence of benzalacetone concentration and pulse peak current density on the grain size and crystallographic orientation of zinc deposits was investigated. Zinc electrodeposited from additive-free solutions or with one of the two additives is not composed of nanosized crystals. The mixture additives of thiourea and benzalacetone give rise to the formation of particle-like nanocrystalline zinc with a (10ī1) random orientation. A change in peak current density from 2 to 1 A/cm² only increases the grain size from 60 to 62 nm.     

Enzymatic formation of an unnatural methylated triketide by plant type III polyketide synthases

Octaketide synthase, a novel plant-specific type III polyketide synthase from Aloe arborescens, efficiently accepted (2RS)-methylmalonyl-CoA as a sole substrate to produce 6-ethyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyrone. On the other hand, a tetraketide-producing chalcone synthase from Scutellaria baicalensis and a diketide-producing benzalacetone synthase from Rheum palmatum also yielded the unnatural methylated C₉ triketide pyrone as a single product by sequential decarboxylative condensations of three molecules of (2RS)-methylmalonyl-CoA.     

微通道反应器中连续化合成苯亚甲基丙酮——介绍一个大学化学综合实验

微反应是近年来化学研究领域发展迅猛的一门新兴技术,本实验以苯甲醛和丙酮作为原料,在氢氧化钠作用下通过缩合反应连续化合成苯亚甲基丙酮。通过对摩尔配比、停留时间、反应温度等影响因素的考查,确定了较佳反应条件,并采用核磁和质谱对产品结构进行表征。与传统的批式方法相比,本实验方案具有收率高、操作简便、实验结果稳定等优点。本实验将先进技术和理念寓于实验教学中,不仅增强了学生的实验技能,而且有助于学生了解科学前沿、研究现状、发展方向和应用前景,激发学生的学习兴趣。     

聚苯乙烯-三乙醇胺树脂催化合成苄叉丙酮

以苯甲醛和丙酮为原料,在水-氢氧化钠体系中以聚苯乙烯-三乙醇胺树脂为相转移催化剂合成了苄叉丙酮,收率达92.5%,并讨论了其反应机理.     

(1S,2S)-DPEN修饰的3%Ir/SiO2/2TPP催化苄叉丙酮的不对称加氢

在温和的条件下制备了负载型3%(w)Ir/SiO2/2TPP(三苯基膦)催化剂, 并且考察了(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺[(1S,2S)-DPEN]作为手性修饰剂对其催化苄叉丙酮不对称加氢反应性能的影响. 结果表明, 手性修饰剂(1S,2S)-DPEN的加入, 对苄叉丙酮不对称加氢反应活性和C=O加氢的选择性都有很好的促进作用. 经优化条件, 在40 ℃下, LiOH浓度为0.375 mol·L-1的甲醇溶液中, 氢气压力为6 MPa, 反应8 h后, 苄叉丙酮的转化率大于99.0%, 对不饱和醇的选择性大于99.0%, 不饱和醇的对映选择性(ee)值达到48.1%.